隼形目
鸮形目
猛禽是指鸟纲中隼形目和鸮形目的鸟类。在生态系统中，猛禽作为掠食性鸟类,处于食物链的顶端,个体数量较其他类群少，对维持生态平衡起着至关重要的作用。我国将所有猛禽列为国家保护动物。
隼形目有鹰、隼、鵟、雕、鹫、鸢、鹞等。它们大多白天单独活动，视力敏锐，可以远距离发现并锁定快速移动的猎物；翼大善飞；腿较长，粗壮有力；有弯曲带钩、强壮且锐利的喙和爪，这是它们捕猎的有力工具。鸮形目的鸟类，我们俗称为“猫头鹰”，在我国有30余种，它们大多为夜行性、肉食性动物。常见的有雕鸮、鸺鹠、长耳鸮和短耳鸮。
Raptors,or birds of prey,refer to birds that fall into the order of Strigiformes or Falconiformes.All raptors are predatory,at the top of the food chain,that’s why the number of them is less than other bird groups in the ecosystem.They play a key role in maintaining ecological balance.All raptors in China have been listed as national protected animals.
Their huge wings,keen eyesight,long powerful legs,curved strong yet sharp beaks and talons are characteristic traits of these diurnal and solitary Falconiformes birds.In China,order Strigiformes covers more than 30 species of birds,most of which are nocturnal and carnivorous.(www.xing528.com)
知识链接
鹰科Accipitridae
分为鸢、鵟、鹞、鹫、雕类，大多体型较大，长着勾嘴和利爪，以捕食其他动物为生。它们视力极好，白天捕食时，可以发现五六公里远的猎物。鹰科鸟类数量稀少，繁殖力也很低，目前都是国家一、二级保护动物，政府法律严禁猎杀，以求维持生态系统的平衡。它们主要生活在远离城市的高山、草原和森林地带，现代都市人难得一见。我们的语言中不乏“鹰击长空”“雄鹰展翅”“鸢飞戾天”等成语，可知其在古代应为常见鸟类。鹰常常作为勇猛、自由和胜利的象征，但被豢养成为人的工具后，又有了“鹰犬”这一贬义词。
Accipitridae birds are listed as first- or second-class national protected animals in China.They are large-sized raptors preying on other animals for life with strongly hooked beak,sharply curved talon and excellent eyesight,living in mountains,grasslands and forests.Accipitridae birds are scarce in number and of low reproductive capacity.
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