古诗是中华民族的文化瑰宝,博大精深,凝练含蓄。有着音乐、建筑、绘画、意境等在内的巨大美学价值。诗的情感要让学生通过朗读欣赏来体会。
教学要求:教师必须引导学生“披文入情”,才能使学生领会诗人的感情,进而领悟诗的意境美。具体说来,主要应做到以下两点:第一,教师在教学中应该动之以情,并通过自己动情激发学生动情,使学生情感的琴弦得以奏响,使他们一同进入或欢欣或伤感的情态。这就要求教师讲课的语言、表情、动作等富于感情,抓住诗眼,带领学生从读中去悟诗情。第二,教师应根据每首诗的不同特点,从具体的语言文字出发,启发学生体会诗中所表达的感情。既要从一首诗的整体上去把握诗的感情,又要体会诗中某些词句的感情色彩。
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{真题展示14-6:登鹳雀楼}
基本要求:了解作者积极向上的人生态度。
解析:悟诗情指导:第一步,出示几张登鹳雀楼看日出的情境图,在鹳雀楼不同地方会有不同的感受。第二步,引导孩子们讨论哪一个角度看最美。第三步,引出要想看更远的景,就要站得更高的哲理。
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{真题展示14-7:送孟浩然之广陵}
基本要求:分析古诗大意,引导学生体会作者与孟浩然之间的情谊。解析:悟诗情:第一步,小组讨论,思考这首诗表达了诗人什么样的思想感情,并将重点词记录下来。第二步,组织学生进行情境表演,教师指导点拨。第三步,引出作者对老朋友的依依惜别之情。
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{真题展示14-8:牧童}
基本要求:带领学生体会词人的思想感情。解析:教师通过PPT播放悠闲的山村原野迷人的情境图,引导学生想象诗词描写的意境,一个自由自在的牧童在山村原野的迷人景色放牛的场景。让学生小组讨论,当作者看到这种场景的时候,会想什么?说给同桌听,从而体会作者的感情,感受童年生活的情趣。
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《题西林壁》
基本要求:古诗学习。
解析:“不识庐山真面目,只缘身在此山中”。
这两句诗含义深刻,富有哲理,难以讲清。有位教师教学时,出示几张从不同角度拍摄的庐山风景图片,从正面看、从远处看、从侧面看、从近处看,庐山的各种不同姿态和魅力都一一展现在孩子面前,再通过出示问题“为什么作者会看不清庐山的真面目呢?”引导小朋友反复读古诗,大部分的孩子一下子就能抓住古诗中所蕴含的哲理。
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