第一章短对话实战训练，重点是运动受伤场景和同义表达转换

【题型概述】

听力短对话共包括8道题，占卷面分值8%。其形式为通过一男一女一问一答，考核基于生活场景的常用表达，要求考生能理解对话主题及相关细节。具体特点可以概述为：

1．一个中心：每个对话都围绕一个主题展开。

2．两个基本点：

①知识点：考查考生对对话场景的了解。

②考点：对话后的提问方式。这主要表现在对建议、请求、邀请、拒绝等特定句型的熟悉程度。

从两个基本点可以看出，大家首先需要积累四级中常考的场景词汇和句型。例如（2008年6月真题）：

11．A．Give his ankle a good rest．　　　B．Continue his regular activities．C．Treat his injury immediately． D．Be careful when climbing steps．

M：Today's a bad day for me．I fell off a step and twisted my ankle．

W：Don't worry．Usually ankle injuries heal quicklyif you stop regular activities for a while．

Q：What does the woman suggest the man do？

此对话由一男一女展开，对话场景为运动受伤场景，考查建议句型；对话中的“Usually ankle injuries heal quickly if you stop regular activities for a while”和选项中的“Give his ankle a good rest”为同义表达转换。

【高分必备】

场景词汇积累

1．学校场景

2．图书馆场景

3．交通场景

4．电话场景

5．机场场景

6．公司场景

7．租房场景

8．医院场景

9．宾馆场景

10．邮局场景

11．饭店场景

【实战训练】

Unit 1　地点题

解题技巧

一般来说，这类题目从选项上就可以判断出是地点题型。听音过程中考生应该重点捕捉对话中与特定地点有关的常用词或词组。例如，听到“reserve，check in，check out，room”之类的词即可判断对话是发生在宾馆里，听到“size，color，pay，discount”之类的词即可判断对话地点是在商店等。

例题：A．In a restaurant．　B．In a hotel．　C．In a café．　D．In a snack bar．

我们观察此题选项就能判断此题是一道地点题型，听音时要重点捕捉对话中与特定地点有关的常用词或词组。

W：What time do you start serving breakfast，please？

M：At 7:00 in the dining room．But you can get it earlier in your room if you wish．

对话中的“in your room”可以帮助我们轻松判断出对话的地点是在宾馆。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关地点的8个小题。

1．A．At home．B．At a hotel．

C．At a fashion shop．D．At a tailor's shop．

2．A．In a hospital． B．In a ship． C．In a car． D．On a plane．

3．A．On a train． B．On a plane． C．In a theater． D．In a restaurant．

4．A．At a restaurant．B．At a clinic．

C．In a fish shop．D．On a fishing boat．

5．A．In the left-luggage office．B．In a hotel room．

C．At a hotel reception．D．At an airport．

6．A．At home． B．On the street．C．In a car． D．In a restaurant．

7．A．On a train．B．On a farm．

C．At a railway station．D．In a cotton field．

8．A．At a library． B．At a school． C．At a bank． D．At a store．

Unit 2　身份关系题

解题技巧

这类题相对比较简单。大部分情况下，这类题的选择项是有固定格式的，要么是4个不同的职业，要么是4对不同身份的人。无论是职业题型，还是身份题型，考生都要抓住有关对话人职业和身份的词语。有时候两人间的对话会涉及第三者，而最后的问题可能就是第三者的职业或与对话者的关系。因此在听音时我们也要注意涉及第三者的内容。另外，要注意问题中问及的“the man，the woman”，还是第三个人。这类题的解题要领就是要熟悉与职业相关的常用词汇，听力过程中注意抓住与说话人身份相关的谈话内容。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关身份关系的8个小题。

1．A．Cleaner． B．Porter．C．Mechanic． D．Salesman．

2．A．A painter． B．A mechanic． C．A porter． D．A carpenter．

3．A．Tailor．B．Taxi driver． C．Carpenter． D．Shoemaker．

4．A．Teacher． B．Worker． C．Novelist． D．Businessman．

5．A．Colleagues．B．Husband and wife．

C．Employer and employee．D．Mother and son．

6．A．Boss and secretary．B．Lawyer and client．

C．Teacher and student．D．Nurse and patient．

7．A．Doctor and patient．B．Lawyer and client．

C．Bank teller and customer．D．Teacher and student．

8．A．Guest and receptionist．B．Passenger and air hostess．

C．Customer and shop assistant． D．Guest and waitress．

Unit 3　请求建议题

解题技巧

建议题主要针对对话中一方向另一方提出的某项建议或请求进行提问，比如：

What does the man suggest the woman do？

What does the man want the woman to do？

What does the man think the woman should do？

建议题很多是针对“建议某人做某事”来提问，因此一般情况下选项都是以动词原形开头，这可以成为考生判断建议题类型的一个线索。另外，这类题型的对话中一般都会含有建议或请求的固定句式。常见的结构有以下两种：

Pattern 1：Speaker A：trouble　Speaker B：suggestion　Q：trouble的原因或suggestion的内容

Pattern 2：Speaker A：suggestion　Speaker B：建议不可行的原因　Q：实际选择的方案

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关请求建议的8个小题。

1．A．Go to the place he has visited． B．Make her own arrangements．

C．Consult a travel agent．D．Join a package tour．

2．A．Request one of the two roommates to do cleaning．

B．Help Laura with her term paper due this weekend．

C．Get Laura to clean the apartment herself this time．

D．Ask Laura to put off the cleaning until another week．

3．A．Find a shortcut to the park．

B．Plant trees in the east end of the town．

C．Buy some roses from the market．

D．Go to the park to enjoy the flowers．

4．A．Many children feel bored when left alone．

B．The woman's sons might enjoy team sports．

C．The woman's kids can play soccer with his son．

D．Children should play sports at least once a week．

5．A．Read the notice on the window．

B．Get a new bus schedule．

C．Go and ask the staff．

D．Board the bus to Cleveland．

6．A．Combine her training with dieting．

B．Avoid excessive physical training．

C．Repeat the training every three days．

D．Include weight-lifting in the program．

7．A．She will drive the man to the supermarket．

B．The man should buy a car of his own．

C．The man needn't go shopping every week．

D．She can pick the man up at the grocery store．

8．A．Make a profitable investment．

B．Buy a new machine．

C．Get parts for the machine from Japan．

D．Have the old washing machine fixed．

Unit 4　But转折题

解题技巧

转折题主要针对对话中的转折句式来设置题目，答案一般总是与“but”后面的内容一致。听音时考生只要注意听清转折词“but”后面的内容，就能够选择出正确的选项。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关转折的10个小题。

1．A．He is a person difficult to deal with．

B．He is unwilling to speak in public．

C．He dislikes any formal gathering．

D．He often keeps a distance from others．

2．A．He would not be available to start the job in time．

B．He is not quite qualified for the art director position．

C．He would like to leave some more time for himself．

D．He will get his application letter ready before May 1．

3．A．He has proved to be a better reader than the woman．

B．He has difficulty understanding the book．

C．He can't get access to the assigned book．

D．He can't finish his assignment before the deadline．

4．A．It is more comfortable and convenient to take a bus．

B．It is worth the money taking a train to Miami．

C．It is not always cheaper going by bus．

D．It is faster to go to Miami by train．

5．A．He was looking forward to seeing the giraffes．

B．He got home too late to see the TV special．

C．He enjoyed watching the animal performance．

D．He fell asleep in the middle of the TV special．

6．A．The man should consider his privacy first．

B．The man will choose a low-rent apartment．

C．The man is not certain if he can find a quieter place．

D．The man cannot afford to rent an apartment．

7．A．Jane may be caught in a traffic jam．

B．Jane should have started a little earlier．

C．He knows what sort of person Jane is．

D．He is irritated at having to wait for Jane．

8．A．Her new responsibilities in the company．

B．What the customer's feedback is．

C．What her job prospects are．

D．The director's opinion of her work．

9．A．She will meet the man halfway．

B．She will ask David to talk less．

C．She is sorry the man will not come．

D．She has to invite David to the party．

10．A．The woman is going to hold a big party tomorrow．

B．The man has no idea what the right thing to do is．

C．The woman doesn't know how to get to the party．

D．The man offers to drive the woman to the party．

Unit 5　谈话主旨题

解题技巧

谈话主旨题是对对话中所谈论的主题或对象进行提问。提问方式通常为：

What are they talking about？

What are the speakers talking about？

此类题型的解题技巧如下：

1．根据选项特点判断题型。一般来说，这类题目的选项概括性都较强，且通常为短语。且各选项所陈述的内容往往差别较大。

2．捕捉与话题相关的关键词。只要捕捉到对话中与话题相关的关键词，往往就可以判断出对话谈论的内容。

3．熟悉常考话题的相关词语。考生在平时训练中，应留意与某类话题相关的词语并加以记忆。

4．注意不要只从对话一方的话语中寻找答案。由于是考查谈话主题，因此双方话语中都应含有与主题相关的线索词。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关谈话主旨的8个小题。

1．A．A problem caused by construction．

B．An accident that occurred on the bridge．

C．The building project they are working on．

D．The public transportation condition．

2．A．A computer game．B．An exciting experience．

C．An imaginary situation．D．A vacation by the sea．

3．A．Taking photographs．B．Enhancing images．

C．Mending cameras．D．Painting pictures．

4．A．An art museum．B．A beautiful park．

C．A college campus．D．An architectural exhibition．

5．A．A job opportunity．B．A position as general manager．

C．A big travel agency．D．An inexperienced salesman．

6．A．A tragic accident．B．A sad occasion．

C．Smith's unusual life story．D．Smith's sleeping problem．

7．A．Talking about sports．B．Writing up local news．

C．Reading newspapers．D．Putting up advertisements．(www.xing528.com)

8．A．Trying to sketch a map．B．Painting the dining room．

C．Cleaning the kitchen．D．Discussing a house plan．

Unit 6　动作行为题

解题技巧

动作行为题是关于谈话的一方或双方做过、正在做或准备去做什么的问题。提问方式通常为：

What will the man/woman most probably do？

What are the speakers probably going/trying to do？

此类题型解题技巧如下：

1．根据选项特点判断题型。一般来说，这类题目的选项都是动词短语形式，且动词一般为原形或动名词形式。

2．听音时留意对话中的动词，尤其注意与选项中动词相关的信息。同时，也要记录一些与该动词相关的重要信息，尤其是不止一个选项中的动词在对话中出现的时候，只有留意与其相关的信息，才能根据问题对号入座。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关动作行为的8个小题。

1．A．Work in another department． B．Recruit graduate students．

C．Pursue further education．D．Take an administrative job．

2．A．Get more food and drinks．B．Tidy up the place．

C．Ask his friends to come over． D．Hold a party．

3．A．Check their computer files．B．Study a computer program．

C．Make some computations．D．Assemble a computer．

4．A．Shopping with his son．B．Buying a gift for a child．

C．Promoting a new product．D．Bargaining with a salesgirl．

5．A．Talking loudly on the telephone． B．Listening to some loud music．

C．Preparing for an oral examination．D．Practising for a speech contest．

6．A．Training for the mid-Atlantic Championship．

B．Making preparations for trans-Atlantic trip．

C．Collecting information about baseball games．

D．Analyzing their rivals'on-field performance．

7．A．Switch off the refrigerator for a while．

B．Ask the man to fix the refrigerator．

C．Have someone repair the refrigerator．

D．Buy a refrigerator of better quality．

8．A．Get some small changes．B．Find a shopping center．

C．Cash a check at a bank．D．Find a parking meter．

Unit 7　观点态度题

解题技巧

观点态度题是关于谈话一方对另一方或第三方的行为、品德、观点等的态度或评价的提问。提问方式通常为：

What does the woman/man mean/imply？

How does the woman/man feel about．．．？

What does the woman/man think of．．．？

此类题型解题技巧如下：

1．根据选项特点判断题型。观点态度类试题的选项中一般都含有引出观点态度的动词或短语，常见的有：think，believe，find，guess，imagine，consider，as far as I know等。根据这类线索词判断题型以后，可以更有针对性地留意说话人对观点态度的陈述。

2．熟悉表示观点态度的常见词语，如：approve，agree，disapprove，disagree，admire，appreciate，love，enjoy，dislike，bored/boring，be tired of，angry，anger，initiated等。

3．抓住对话中一些标识性词语。听音时应注意抓住一些表示因果、转折、比较或举例等逻辑关系的标识性词语，如：but，instead，if，when，since，before，after，so等，尤其是转折后的内容，往往表达说话人的真实观点或态度，常为考查重点。

4．把握说话人的语气。听音时应注意通过说话人的语气来判断说话人的态度，尤其是反问、疑问、感叹等语气，往往会明显地体现出说话人的态度或观点。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关观点态度的8个小题。

1．A．Female students are unfit for studying physics．

B．He can serve as the woman's tutor．

C．Physics is an important course at school．

D．The professor's suggestion is constructive．

2．A．Indifferent． B．Doubtful． C．Pleased．D．Surprised．

3．A．Extremely tedious．B．Hard to understand．

C．Lacking a good plot．D．Not worth seeing twice．

4．A．The restaurant is still her favorite one．

B．She likes the new chef of the restaurant．

C．She is disappointed in the change of the restaurant．

D．Italian food is her favorite choice．

5．A．She didn't like the weather in Canada．

B．She was tired while traveling．

C．She didn't like to take the train．

D．She didn't like the scenery in Canada．

6．A．Dr．Andrew has been promoted for his thoroughness．

B．She disagrees with Dr．Andrew on many occasions．

C．Dr．Andrew used to keep his patients waiting．

D．She dislikes Dr．Andrew as much as the new physician．

7．A．They shouldn't change their plan．

B．They'd better change their mind．

C．The tennis game won't last long．

D．Weather forecasts are not reliable．

8．A．The Edwards are quite well-off．

B．The Edwards should cut down on their living expenses．

C．It'll be unwise for the Edwards to buy another house．

D．It's too expensive for the Edwards to live in their present house．

Unit 8　虚拟语气题

解题技巧

虚拟语气题主要针对说话人所使用的虚拟句式来设题，主要考查考生对虚拟语气的理解。由于虚拟语气都暗含着与实际情况相反或矛盾的情况，所以我们必须首先辨别出说话人使用的虚拟语气，并进而充分理解其中隐含的意思。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关虚拟语气的8个小题。

1．A．He is careless about his appearance．

B．He is ashamed of his present condition．

C．He changes jobs frequently．

D．He shaves every other day．

2．A．He understands the woman's feeling．

B．He has gone through a similar experience．

C．The woman should have gone on the field trip．

D．The teacher is just following the regulations．

3．A．He is not very enthusiastic about his English lessons．

B．He has made great progress in his English．

C．He is a student of the music department．

D．He is not very interested in English songs．

4．A．The man should stay up seeing the movie．

B．The man should go to bed early at 11．

C．The man should read some interesting things．

D．The man should give up watching the movie．

5．A．The program was very interesting．

B．The program was too long．

C．She slept through the program last night．

D．She saw another channel last night．

6．A．She stayed at home alone．

B．She enjoyed the ancient town greatly．

C．She did not tell the man the truth．

D．She didn't have a good time there．

7．A．She needs a raincoat．B．She doesn't know tomorrow's weather．

C．It will probably rain tomorrow． D．He will get wet in the rain．

8．A．The woman has trouble getting along with the professor．

B．The woman regrets having taken much of the professor's time．

C．The woman knows the professor has been busy．

D．The woman knows the professor has run into trouble．

Unit 9　同义转述题

解题技巧

同义转述题主要针对听力原文中的某句话的理解进行设问，要求找出与此意思相近的选项。选项一般不会原文呈现，所以要注意同义词替换或者句型的转换。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关同义转述的8个小题。

1．A．She is very fussy about what she eats．

B．She usually takes snack in the KFC．

C．She often eats in a French restaurant．

D．She is tired of the food in the canteen．

2．A．100%cotton pants in dark blue． B．Fashionable pants in bright colors．

C．Grey pants made from pure cotton．D．Something to match her brown pants．

3．A．The man should visit the museum．B．The beach resort is a good choice．

C．She can't stand the hot weather． D．She enjoys staying in Washington．

4．A．She is black and blue all over．

B．She has to go to see a doctor．

C．She stayed away from work a few days．

D．She got hurt in an accident yesterday．

5．A．The talk can be held any day except this Friday．

B．He could change his schedule to meet John Smith．

C．The first round talks should start as soon as possible．

D．The woman should contact John Smith first．

6．A．Few students understand Prof．Johnson's lectures．

B．Few students meet Prof．Johnson's requirements．

C．Few students find Prof．Johnson's lecture interesting．

D．Few students would drop Prof．Johnson's lecture．

7．A．She must have paid a lot．

B．She is known to have a terrific figure．

C．Her gym exercise has yielded good results．

D．Her effort to keep fit is really praiseworthy．

8．A．She expected more people at her party．

B．She enjoys entertaining small children．

C．She threw a surprise party for her friends．

D．She has always enjoyed great popularity．

Unit 10　推理判断题

解题技巧

说话者采用比较含蓄的方式表达自己的观点或意图，听力材料中没有提供直接的信息供考生选取。此类题的解答难度较大，考生需要注意捕捉对话中的关键词，以及文字中的隐含信息，尤其是转折连词“but，however，instead”等。

以下是实战训练听力短对话中有关推理判断的8个小题。

1．A．They are on a long trip by car．

B．They are used to getting up early．

C．They are stuck in a traffic jam．

D．They are tired of eating out at night．

2．A．He is a very successful businessman．

B．He has changed his business strategy．

C．He is making plans to expand his operation．

D．He was twenty when he took over the company．

3．A．He is an experienced sales manager．

B．He is a close friend of the woman．

C．He is being interviewed for a job．

D．He is good at answering tricky questions．

4．A．They went camping this time last year．

B．They didn't quite enjoy their last picnic．

C．They learned to cooperate under harsh conditions．

D．They weren't experienced in organizing picnics．

5．A．He had a narrow escape in a car accident．

B．He is hospitalized for a serious injury．

C．He lost his mother two weeks ago．

D．He has been having a hard time．

6．A．The woman knows how to deal with the police．

B．The woman had been fined many times before．

C．The woman had violated traffic regulations．

D．The woman is good at finding excuses．

7．A．He is confident he will get the job．

B．His chance of getting the job is slim．

C．It isn't easy to find a qualified sales manager．

D．The interview didn't go as well as he expected．

8．A．She has been invited to give a talk．

B．She cannot attend the man's presentation．

C．She is going to meet the man at 9:30．

D．She cannot work because of her toothache．