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沙尘暴期间Fe在气溶胶粒子中的研究成果

时间:2023-09-24 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:在沙尘暴期间收集的气溶胶中,检测到较高浓度的Fe(Ⅱ)。根据我们以往的数据[13,18],源自亚洲沙漠的大气气溶胶,经由华北,横跨北太平洋,其中的Fe(Ⅱ)在长途传输途中不断增加。沙尘暴显然会在很短的时间内,对中国沿海以至北太平洋供应可供大洋表层海水中浮游生物所必需的大量Fe(Ⅱ),促进海洋生产力的增长,即海洋生物在海洋表层的大量增长,从而其排出的DMS会大量增加。

沙尘暴期间Fe在气溶胶粒子中的研究成果

沙尘暴期间收集的气溶胶中,检测到较高浓度的Fe(Ⅱ)。在非沙尘暴的气溶胶中,Fe(Ⅱ)占总Fe量的0.7%;而在沙尘暴的气溶胶中,占1.4%~2.6%。Fe(Ⅱ)的绝对量高达1.8~4.3μg·m-3。Fe(Ⅱ)很可能是沙尘中的Fe(Ⅲ)被大气中包括低价S在内的各种还原剂所还原的产物[23]。根据我们以往的数据[13,18],源自亚洲沙漠的大气气溶胶,经由华北,横跨北太平洋,其中的Fe(Ⅱ)在长途传输途中不断增加。据此提出了Fe和S相互氧化还原产生限制海洋生产力发展的Fe(Ⅱ),并进而正反馈促进DMS和海洋上空硫酸盐气溶胶的耦合机制[16]。上述数据提供了本书第5章所阐述的Fe-S耦合反馈机制的现场监测证据。北太平洋中某些海区的初级生产力,为Fe所限制[13]。沙尘暴显然会在很短的时间内,对中国沿海以至北太平洋供应可供大洋表层海水中浮游生物所必需的大量Fe(Ⅱ),促进海洋生产力的增长,即海洋生物在海洋表层的大量增长,从而其排出的DMS会大量增加。DMS在大气中被进一步氧化,导致海区上空大气对流层中含S化合物即SO 2和其被进一步氧化形成的硫酸盐气溶胶增加。之后,低价含S化合物又会进一步被Fe(Ⅲ)氧化,生成Fe(Ⅱ)而被海洋生物所吸收,从而又导致DMS的排放增加。如此循环反复产生正反馈。由此可见,包括沙尘暴在内的亚洲大气气溶胶的远距离输送,是可能影响全球气候变化的重要机制之一,值得进一步探讨。

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