1.模型导入
(1)启动ADAMS/CAR,选择专家模块进入建模界面。
(2)单击File > Open命令,弹出打开模板对话框,如图19-2所示,在Template Name中输入:mdids://FASE/templates.tbl/_FSAE_sus_front_white.tpl。
(3)单击OK按钮,完成模型导入。
图19-2 模板对话框
2.删除上控制臂几何体
删除对应的上控制臂前后拉杆,但要注意不能删除上控制部件,删除后会导致模型错误,原因在于悬架的数组参数(即转向主销)由上下控制臂部件确定。
删除悬架以上控制臂前后拉杆几何体:
3.修改部件位置
上控制臂部件位置由三个点确定,删除前后拉杆后,需要重新确定上控制臂的部件位置;将上控制臂部件放置在转向主销下位置点。
修改信息如下:
(1)单击Build > Part > General Part > Modify命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_white.ground.hpl_uca_outer;
· Location:0,0,0。
(2)其余信息保持默认,单击OK按钮,完成下控制臂部件的修改。
(3)单击File > Save As命令,弹出保存模板对话框,如图19-3所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Template Name:_FSAE_sus_front_white;
· New Template Name:FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up;
图9-3 模型保存
· Major Role(主特征):suspension;
· File Format:Binary;
· Target:Datebase/FASE。
(4)单击OK按钮,完成推杆式悬架模型模板FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up的保存。
4.结构框
(1)单击Build > Construction Frame > New命令,弹出创建结构框对话框,如图19-4所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
图19-4 结构框leaf_up_mid
· Construction Frame(结构框名称):leaf_up_mid;
· Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
· Centered between:Two Coordinates;
· Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_uca_outer;
· Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpr_uca_outer;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0。
(2)单击Apply按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfs_leaf_up_mid结构框的创建。同理,创建其他结构框。
· Construction Frame(结构框名称):damper_down;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_lca_outer;
· Location:-100,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0。
(3)单击Apply按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down结构框的创建。
· Construction Frame(结构框名称):damper_up;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· Location:0,250,200;
· Location in:local;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0。
(4)单击Apply按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up结构框的创建。
· Construction Frame(结构框名称):damper_up_ref;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· Location:0,40,0;
· Location in:local;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0。
(5)单击Apply按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up_ref结构框的创建。
5.部件damper_up
(1)单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令,弹出创建部件对话框,如图19-5所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
图19-5 部件damper_up
· General Part:damper_up;
· Type:left;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0;
· Mass:1;
· Ixx:1;
· Iyy:1;
· Izz:1;
· Density:Material;
· Material Type:.materials.steel。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成部件._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_up的创建。
6.部件damper_down
(1)单击Build > Part > General Part > New命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· General Part:damper_down;
· Type:left;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0;
· Mass:1;
· Ixx:1;
· Iyy:1;
· Izz:1;
· Density:Material;
· Material Type:.materials.steel。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成部件._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_down的创建。
7.板簧fsae_leaf_up
板簧MNF中性文件:fsae_leaf_up.mnf存放在章节文件中,请读者自行调阅查看。
(1)单击Build > Part > Flexible Body > New命令,弹出创建部件对话框,如图19-6所示。在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Flexible Body Name:fsae_leaf_up;
· Type:single;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfs_leaf_up_mid;
· Location:-15,0,0;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:90,90,0;
· MNF File:file://D:/ADAMS_MNF/fsae_leaf_up.mnf;
· Color:green。
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图19-6 板簧fsae_leaf_up
(2)单击OK按钮,完成部件._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.fbs_fsae_leaf_up的创建。
8.避震器
(1)单击Build > Force > Damper > New命令,弹出避震器创建对话框,如图19-7所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
图19-7 避震器
· Damper Name(减震器名称):damper;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_down;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_up;
· I Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· J Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· Property File(属性文件):mdids://FASE/dampers.tbl/msc_0001.dpr;
· Damper Diameter(避震器直径):拖动滑块选择7 mm;
· Color:maize。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成避震器._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.dal_damper的创建。
9.部件damper_down与lca之间的convel约束
(1)单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,弹出创建约束件对话框,如图19-8所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
图19-8 约束convel
· Joint Name(约束副名称):dampr_down;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_down;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_lca;
· Joint Type(约束副类型):convel;
· Active(激活):always;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· I-Part Axis:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· J-Part Axis:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_lca_outer。
(2)单击Apply按钮,完成约束副._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.jolcon_dampr_down的创建。
10.部件damper_up与suspension_to_chassis之间的convel约束
(1)单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Joint Name(约束副名称):damper_up;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_up;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.mts_suspension_to_chassis;
· Joint Type(约束副类型):convel;
· Active(激活):always;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· I-Part Axis:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· J-Part Axis:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up_ref。
(2)单击Apply按钮,完成约束副._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.jolcon_damper_up的创建。
11.部件damper_up与damper_down之间的cylindrical约束
(1)单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Joint Name(约束副名称):damp_mid;
· Type:left;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_down;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_damper_up;
· Joint Type(约束副类型):cylindrical;
· Active(激活):always;
· Location Dependency:Centered between coordinates;
· Centered between:Two Coordinates;
· Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up;
· Location Dependency:Orient axis to point;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_up。
(2)单击Apply按钮,完成约束副._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.jolcyl_damp_mid的创建。
12.部件leaf_front与lca之间的fixed约束
(1)单击Build > Attachments > Joint > New命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Joint Name(约束副名称):leaf_to_uca;
· Type:left;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.fbs_fsae_leaf_up;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_uca;
· Joint Type(约束副类型):fixed;
· Active(激活):always;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_uca_outer;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· Closest Interface Node:left/8776,right/8776(8776指有限元软件中创建的接口点)。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成约束副._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.jolfix_leaf_to_uca的创建。
13.衬套连接硬点
(1)单击Build > Hardpoind > New命令,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Hardpoint:leaf_mount;
· Type:left;
· Location:0.0,-95.4163132,407.8916489,此参数通过选取有限元节点获取。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_leaf_mount硬点的创建。
14.部件leaf_up_mount与suspension_to_chassis之间的bushing约束
(1)单击Build > Attachments > Bushing > New命令,弹出创建衬套对话框,如图19-9所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
· Bushing Name(约束副名称):leaf_up_mount;
· I Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.fbs_fsae_leaf_up;
· J Part:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.mts_suspension_to_chassis;
· Inactive(抑制):never;
· Preload:0,0,0;
· Tpreload:0,0,0;
· Offset:0,0,0;
· Roffset:0,0,0;
· Geometry Length:20;
· Geometry Radius:30;
· Property File:mdids://FASE/bushings.tbl/fsae_control_arm_bushing.bus;
· Location Dependency:Delta location from coordinate;
图19-9 衬套leaf_up_mount
· Coordinate Reference(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_leaf_mount;
· Location:0,0,0;
· Location in:local;
· Closest Interface Node:Left:8780 / Right:8780;
· Orientation Dependency:User entered values;
· Orient using:Euler Angles;
· Euler Angles:0,0,0。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成轴套._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.bgl_leaf_up_mount的创建。
15.几何体damp_base
(1)单击Build > Geometry > Link > New命令,弹出创建几何体对话框,如图19-10所示,在下列对话框中输入相应的数据:
图19-10 连杆几何体_link
· Link Name(连杆名称):damp_base;
· General Part输入:._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_lca;
· Coordinate Reference #1(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.hpl_lca_outer;
· Coordinate Reference #2(参考坐标):._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.ground.cfl_damper_down;
· Radius(半径):5;
· Color:red;
· 勾选Calculate Mass Properties of General Part复选框,当几何体建立好之后,会更新对应部件的质量和惯量参数;
· Density:Material;
· Material Type:steel。
(2)单击OK按钮,完成._FSAE_sus_front_leaf_up.gel_lca.gralin_damp_base几何体的创建。
至此,前上横置板簧悬架模型建立完成,如图19-1所示。更改衬套与车身的连接位置,可以改变整个悬架的刚度,悬架与车身两点间的连接距离越大,连接段所起的横向稳定杆的作用力矩越大。
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