Reentering the Politics&Defeating the Bandits
此心光明
THE HEART OF BRIGHTNESS
101.王阳明三年谪居期满，于正德五年（1510）三月到江西庐陵任知县。在任职不到七个月的时间里，王阳明处理了一系列的突发性事件，包括民众“集体上访”、旱灾、疾疫、火灾、偷盗等，体现了先生卓越的政治才能。
101.After three years of banishment，Wang Yangming held the office of county magistrate in Luling County，Jiangxi Province in March during the fifth Ming Zhengde's reign year（1510）.In less than seven months of his term of office，Wang Yangming dealt with a series of sudden events，including the masses'collective visits，drought，disease，fire，and theft issues etc.，which embodied his outstanding political talent.
102.正德五年（1510）十一月，王阳明被授予南京刑部主事的职务。在五六年时间里，其政治地位步步高升，官至南京鸿胪寺卿，正四品。这段时间，是王阳明一生中讲学活动比较集中的时期。他的足迹遍布北京、南京、滁州和绍兴等地。“知行合一”的理论在学术界产生了巨大的影响。
102.In November（1510），Wang Yangming was awarded the post of Minister of the Board of Punishments.In five to six years，he finally took on the office of the Foreign Minister in Nanjing，the forth official rank.This period was a stage when he gave more lectures in his whole life.His footprints were all over Beijing，Nanjing，Chuzhou and Shaoxing.The theory of“Unity of Knowledge and Practice”had a great impact on academia.
103.正德十一年（1516）九月，朝廷任命王阳明为都察院左佥都御史，重任就是剿灭三个山头的盗贼：一是在福建漳州府境内的盗贼，以小溪为主要据点，以詹师富、温火烧为主要首领；二是在江西南安府、赣州府境内的盗贼，以衡水、桶冈为主要据点，以谢志珊、蓝天凤为主要首领；三是在广东惠州府境内的盗贼，以浰头为主要据点，以池仲容为主要首领。
103.In September of the eleventh Ming Zhengde's reign year（1516），the imperial court appointed Wang Yangming as the Left Imperial Inspectorate.The responsibility was to exterminate the bandits of the three mountains.That is，the bandits in Zhangzhou Prefecture of Fujian，with the Brook as the basic stronghold，led by the chief leaders Zhan Shifu and Wen Huoshao.And the other two are those in Nan'an Prefecture and Ganzhou Prefecture of Jiangxi，with Hengshui and Tonggang as the main strongholds，led by the main leaders Xie Zhishan and Lan Tianfeng；and those in Huizhou Prefecture of Guangdong，with Litou as the main stronghold，led by the chief leader Chi Zhongrong.
104.一战福建漳州。进军途中，官兵遭受严重损失。王阳明故意让官兵在白天张张扬扬，一路扬旗鸣鼓，向着江西方向退兵，晚上仍偷偷把军队向东迅速拉回，隐藏在大山峡谷之中，等待军令。他还暗中派出暗哨，探听山寨蛮洞盗贼的消息。
104.The first battle happened in Zhangzhou，Fujian Province.During the march，the officers and soldiers suffered serious losses.Wang Yangming deliberately let the officers and soldiers raise the flag and beat the drum triumphantly along the whole way withdrawing in the direction of Jiangxi in the daytime，but secretly put the army back to the east in the night and hid them in the mountain canyon，waiting for military orders.He even secretly sent out a secret sentry to find out the news of bandits in the fortified villages and caves.
105.各山寨的首领获知官军撤退的消息都非常高兴。盗贼们杀牛宰羊，狂欢痛饮。正当山寨首领放松警惕的时候，王阳明严密部署精兵强将，兵分三路，连夜衔枚疾进，直趋象湖山，直捣山寨。等到山寨首领发觉时，官军已经占领了各险要去处。盗贼们想要夺回隘口，却反被原先自己设置的滚木礌石打伤。
105.The leaders of bandits were delighted to learn about the withdrawal of the army.The bandits killed the cattle and sheep and drank happily in a carnival atmosphere.Just as the leaders relaxed their vigilance，Wang Yangming deployed the packed troops and divided the troops into three routes，advanced the army silently to the fortified village in Xianghu Mountain.By the time the leaders of bandits discovered，the officers and soldiers had already taken all the fortresses.The bandits wanted to take back the mountain passes，but they were hurt by their own battle log and huge stones.
106.激战时刻，王阳明亲率一支奇兵从天而降。山贼一见，当即大溃。先生督领各路官兵，乘胜追击，斩杀了大贼首黄狸猫、游四等人。同时，王阳明还暗中委派了五路官军，直插福建和广东交界处的黄蜡溪、上下漳溪等山寨，活捉斩杀了詹师富、温火烧等大贼首11名。至此，漳南山寨巨盗全被肃清。
106.At the time of fierce fighting，Wang Yangming led a troop in a swoop.When the bandits saw them，they were immediately defeated.Wang Yangming supervised and led all the officers and soldiers to push their advantage，decapitated several heads of bandits including Huang Limao and You Si.At the same time，Wang Yangming also secretly appointed five troops to advance to the fortified villages in Brook Huangla and the whole Brook Zhang in the juncture of Fujian Province and Guangdong Province，captured and killed eleven heads of bandits including Zhan Shifu and Wen Huoshao.At this point，the bandits of the mountain villages in Zhangnan were completely eliminated.
107.二战江西赣南。那儿山高谷深，地势险恶。盗贼以抢劫杀掠为生，经过几年的转徙啸聚，已形成较强的势力，流窜于江西、湖南、广东三省交汇地面，使得当地民不聊生。
107.The second battle happened in Garman，Jiangxi Province.There were high mountains and deep valleys with difficult physical features.The bandits made a living on robbery and looting.After several years of migration，the bandits had formed strong forces and fled to the confluence of Jiangxi，Hunan and Guangdong provinces to make their living，which had hurt the local people seriously.
108.正德十二年（1517）六月，大贼首谢志珊聚集流民几千人，攻进南康县城，对大小街市、店铺肆意抢劫，烧毁了许多商铺。盗贼们满载粮食布帛钱币后，潜回山寨。
108.In June of the twelfth Ming Zhengde's reign year（1517），Xie Zhishan，the chief leader of the bandits，gathered thousands of refugees and attacked Nankang County.They robbed large and small streets and shops and destroyed many shops.The bandits went back to the mountain cottage after fully loaded with grain，cloth and coins.
109.按当时的暴乱形势来看，以桶冈、横水、左溪三处最为严峻。各省领兵官员都认为必须先攻打桶冈，然后再回兵攻打左溪、横水。而王阳明认为：如果先攻打横水、左溪，就可以步步为营，稳扎稳打，逐步向桶冈推进，最后再联合湖广方面的军队，形成对桶冈的合围，这样才能稳操胜券。先生的作战方案令大小将领心悦诚服。
109.According to the situation of riot at that time，Tonggang，Hengshui and Zuoxi were in the most severe state.The army leaders of the provinces believed that they had to attack Tonggang first and then returned the army to attack Zuoxi and Hengshui.But Wang Yangming thought that if they attack of Hengshui and Zuoxi first，they could conduct the campaign step by step，slowly and surely，and later advanced gradually to Tonggang and finally united with the Hubei and Hunan armies to form an encirclement of Tonggang.Thus they can be certain to win the battle.Wang Yangming's battle plan convinced all military officers completely.
110.当各路军队同时大规模向横水、左溪结集的时候，外围的一些小山寨被迅速荡平；而当军队到达横水时，大头目谢志珊才从美梦中惊醒过来。先生统率的军队已经四路疾进，把左溪、横水境域内的各洞寨牢牢地包围起来了。
110.When the armies gathered in large scale in Hengshui and Zuoxi at the same time，some of the small cottages in the outskirts were flattened.When the army reached Hengshui，the chief leader of the bandits Xie Zhishan was unprepared and awakened from the pleasure of the dream.The army commanded by Wang Yangming had already made rapid progress in four routes，and firmly surrounded all fortified villages in Zuoxi and Hengshui.(www.xing528.com)
111.待谢志珊死守关隘时，王阳明事先安排的四百余健夫早已从小路攀援进寨，从山寨背后放起火炮。暴徒见官军内外夹攻，就各自逃命。大贼首谢志珊在混战中被官军活捉。
111.When Xie Zhishan was left to guard the strategic pass，more than 400 men with vigorous strides arranged in advance by Wang Yangming had already climbed into the mountain cottage from the path and set off artillery behind the cottage.The mob saw the officers and soldiers attacking from both inside and outside and fled away.Xie Zhishan，the chief leader of bandits，was captured by the officers and soldiers in a scuffle.
112.正德十二年（1517）十月二十八日，桶冈大贼首蓝天凤正在锁匙龙山寨聚众饮酒作乐。正当他们欢乐胡闹时，阳明先生派人前来招降。于是，双方就在洞厅进行谈判。众多头领都不愿投降，谈判一直持续了两天，无果。
112.On October 28th，Lan Tianfeng，the chief leader of bandits in Tonggang was drinking and making merry in Suoshilong Village with his followers.Just as they were joying around，Wang Yangming sent people to call on a surrender.As a result，the two sides negotiated in the cave hall.However，many leaders of bandits refused to surrender，and negotiations lasted for two days without any results.
113.王阳明只是借谈判的名义来迷惑对方，使对方放松戒备。与此同时，他调集了重兵，冒雨分四路从东面包围了桶冈，又调动了湖广官军从西面包围，使桶冈陷入重重包围之中。
113.Wang Yangming was just using the cover of the negotiations to confuse the enemy and made them relax.At the same time，he had gathered a large number of troops，which surrounded Tonggang in four routes from the east in the rain，and mobilized the officers and soldiers from Hunan and Hubei to encircle from the western side，put Tonggong in a tight besieged state.
114.蓝天凤率领亲兵，且战且走。官军一直追杀到十八磊山寨。这时，又有几路官军平息了附近几座小山寨之后，也乘胜杀到。多路官军合力攻击，将蓝天凤等贼寇全部擒获。至此，以谢志珊、蓝天凤为首的，曾先后为恶数十载、为害千里、荼毒三省的山中贼，被王阳明用出奇制胜的战术一举平定。
114.Lan Tianfeng led his intimate soldiers，fought and retired alternatively.The officers and soldiers chased to the fortified village in Shibalei.At this time，a few of the officers and soldiers recovered a few small cottages nearby，and followed up with a hot pursuit for victory.Multiple officers and soldiers attacked together and captured Lan Tianfeng and all his men.At this point，the mountain bandits，led by Xie Zhishan and Lan Tianfeng，once successively conducting decades of evil over a thousand miles and poisoning three provinces，were pacified by Wang Yangming's tactics.
115.正德十二年（1517）三战广东惠州府境内。十二月二十日，已是年关将近。为了智擒浰头池仲容，王阳明下令：“左溪、横水、桶冈山寨先后平息，浰头池仲容也准备诚心归顺，全赣南境内自此无险，百姓安业。可乘此年关将近之际，大张灯火，慰劳将士，欢度春节！”同时，王阳明还解散了部分军队。
115.The third battle happened in Huizhou，Guangdong Province.By December 20th，it was close to the end of the year.In order to capture Chi Zhongrong in Litou，Wang Yangming ordered，“After the recovery of the fortified mountain villages in Zuoxi，Hengshui and Tonggong，Chi Zhongrong in Litou is also ready to surrender in sincerity.Since then，there will be no danger in the whole land of Southern Jiangxi Province and the local people can live and work in peace and contentment.By the time this year is approaching，lights will be brightly lit there to cheer up the soldiers and celebrate the Spring Festival.”At the same time，Wang Yangming also disbanded some of the army.
116.池仲容是一个狡诈桀骜的盗贼首领，武艺高强，能只身搏虎。他一心想在赣南建立小王国，当个小皇帝。为了麻痹池仲容，王阳明一面派人招降，一面制造假象，让池仲容误以为王阳明因为过大年，不会马上出兵攻打浰头。池仲容因此放松了一切戒备。
116.Chi Zhongrong was a cunning and unruly leader of bandits.He was strong in martial arts and capable of fighting against a tiger alone.He wanted to build a small kingdom in southern Jiangxi Province and made himself the emperor.In order to drop Chi Zhongrong's guard，Wang Yangming sent people to call him on a surrender，and made an illusion at the same time，making Chi Zhongrong feel that Wang Yangming would not immediately send troops to attack Litou.So Chi Zhongrong relaxed all the alerts.
117.这时，浰头东边龙川有一个土匪头目叫卢珂，与池仲容不和，早就有意投诚王阳明。王阳明故意派兵抓来了卢珂，把他押解到赣州，关入大牢，并扬言准备斩首。为了表达感激之情，池仲容率领健卒40人，直赴赣州。见到官兵各营已经解散，街市张灯结彩，他心中大喜。
117.At this time，in Longchuan，which was to the east of Litou，there was a bandit leader named Lu Ke，who did not agree with Chi Zhongrong.He had long been interested in surrending to Wang Yangming.Wang Yangming deliberately sent troops to catch Lu Ke，escorted him to Ganzhou and put him into jail with a claim of decapitation.In order to express gratitude，Chi Zhongrong led 40 healthy and strong soldiers to Ganzhou.He was quite delighted when he saw the officers and soldiers disbanded and the streets decorated with lanterns and colored hangings.
118.王阳明了解到池仲容曾到大牢看过卢珂，已经打消了疑心，便于第二天偷偷把卢珂放归龙川，叫他迅速部署兵力，即时出发，由东向西进兵，从东边配合官军袭击浰头。同时，先生让部下轮番宴请池仲容一班人，尽量拖延池仲容回归山寨的日期。
118.Wang Yangming found out that Chi Zhongrong had seen Lu Ke in the prison and had no doubt.Then he secretly sent Lu Ke to Longchuan the next day，calling him to deploy troops quickly and march from the east to the west to coordinate with the officers and soldiers from the east to attack Litou.At the same time，Wang Yangming let the subordinates entertain Chi Zhongrong and his men in turn to try to delay Chi Zhongrong's return to the fortified mountain village.
119.正德十三年（1518）正月初三，王阳明估计卢珂已经到达龙川，所部署的各州县官兵也已经聚集，于是设盛宴于赣州文庙大堂，犒劳全赣州城的官兵将士，特邀请池仲容陪宴。正当池仲容入座之际，王阳明突然大喝一声：“还不与我拿下！”随即从两边冲出十几个彪形大汉，把池仲容牢牢捆绑。
119.On the third day of the first lunar month in 1518，Wang Yangming estimated that Lu Ke had already arrived in Longchuan，and the officers and soldiers in all the prefectures and counties had been gathered.So he had a feast at the Confucius Temple hall in Ganzhou to reward the officers and soldiers of the whole city in Ganzhou，and invited Chi Zhongrong to accompany the banquet.Just when Chi Zhongrong was seated，Wang Yangming suddenly burst into a loud shout，“Arrest him！”Then a dozen doughty men from both sides rushed out to tie Chi Zhongrong firmly.
120.盛宴结束后，王阳明马上分派将士，各率军马，分兵十路急速出发。浰头主寨龙子岭由池仲容弟弟池仲安率兵把守。池仲安得知哥哥的安全消息，当然不做任何防守。正月初七，官兵和卢珂的部队齐集三浰，从四面出击，整个山寨全线崩溃。
120.After the banquet，Wang Yangming immediately dispatched officers and soldiers with their own horses，and divided the army into ten troops to set off quickly.Longzilin，the main fortified village in Litou was guarded by Chi Zhongrong's younger brother Chi Zhong'an.Chi Zhong'an knew his elder brother's safety news and certainly did not do any defense.On the seventh day of the first lunar month，officers and soldiers and Lu Ke's troops gathered together in Sanli，attacking from all sides，and the entire defense line collapsed.
121.当战争结束之后，王阳明号召山民开辟梯田，耕田播种。同时，他下令官军帮助山民建房，凿山开道，建造梯田。当地群众都把王阳明的军队称为“仁义之师”。许多农户的家里，还竖起了纪念王阳明的“长生牌位”，每年祭祀不绝。
121.When the war ended，Wang Yangming called on the mountain people to open up terraced fields and sow the fields.At the same time，he ordered officers and soldiers to help the mountain people build houses，dig channels，carve out roads，and build terraced fields.The local people called Wang Yangming's army“The Army of Benevolence”.Many farmers'families even erected the memorial tablet of longevity in memory of Wang Yangming，offering endless sacrifices every year.
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