不列颠湖区国家公园：多元文化研究

The Lake District is a rural area in North West England.As a popular holiday destination，it is famous for its lakes and its mountains（or fells），and its associations with the early 19th century poetry and w ritings of William Wordsworth and the Lake Poets.

湖区位于英格兰西北部乡村。该地区是热门的度假胜地，以湖泊与群山著名，也让人联想到19世纪早期诗人威廉·华兹华斯和“湖畔诗人”创作的诗歌和作品。

The central and most-visited part of the area is contained in the Lake District National Park，one of fourteen National Parks in the United Kingdom.It lies entirely within Cumbria，and is one of England's few mountainous regions.A ll the land in England higher than three thousand feet above sea level lies within the National Park，including Scafell Pike，the highest mountain in England.

湖区国家公园是英国14个国家公园之一，它位于湖区中心，是游客最常去之地。整个公园都位于坎布里亚郡，是英国少有的多山地区。英格兰海拔3 000英尺以上地区都在该公园内，其中便包括英格兰最高峰斯科菲峰。

The English Lake District National Park is 885 square miles in size，containing over 1,800 miles of footpaths through some of Britain's most beautiful countryside.The variety of spectacular mountains，peaceful lakes，rolling fells and bustling market towns make the Lake District a unique part of Britain.

英国湖区国家公园占地885平方英里，其中1 800多英里的小路蜿蜒穿过英国最美丽的乡村地带。这里巍峨的山峦、幽静的湖水、起伏的原野和熙熙攘攘的市镇，共同构成了英国独特的景观——湖区。

The Lake District is approximately 34 miles across.Its features are a result of periods of glaciation，the most recent of which ended some 15,000 years ago.These include the icecarved wide U-shaped valleys，many of which are now filled with the lakes that give the park its name.The upper regions contain a number of glacial cirques，which are typically filled with tarns.The higher fells are rocky，with lower fells being open moorland，notable for its wide bracken and heather coverage.Below the tree line，native oak woodlands sit alongside nineteenth century pine plantations.Much of the land is often boggy，due to the high rainfall.(www.xing528.com)

湖区的东西和南北跨度大约都是34英里。它是冰河时代的产物，在15 000年前就形成了今日的面貌，包括冰蚀形成的宽阔的U形谷，其中有许多被水填满形成了湖泊，这就是湖区名称的由来。上游地带有许多冰雪坑，形成了典型的冰斗湖。较高的山多岩石，较低的山毗邻高沼地，广泛覆盖着欧洲蕨和石南花，很是醒目。林木线以下是天然的橡树林地和19世纪人工栽培的松树林。由于降雨量较大，许多地方沼泽遍布。

The Lake District's location on the north west coast of England，coupled with its mountainous geography，makes it the dampest part of England.Although the entire region receives above average rainfall，there is a wide disparity between the amount of rainfall in the western and eastern lakes.March to June tend to be the driest months，with October to January the wettest，but at lowlevels there is relatively little difference between months.The Lake District is also windy，although sheltered valleys experience gales on an average of five days a year.In contrast，the coastal areas have 20 days of gales; while the fell tops may have 100 days of gales per year.The maritime climate means that the Lake District experiences relatively moderate tem perature variations through the year.Normally，significant snow fall only occurs between November and April.Hill fog is common at any time of year.

湖区位于英格兰西北海岸且多山，这些都促使其成为英格兰湿度最大地带。虽然整个地区降水量高于英格兰平均水平，但湖区东西部差异很大。每年3月到6月是干季，10月到次年1月是湿季，但在海拔较低的地区，不同月份间的降水量差别并不大。湖区多风，虽然一年中避风的山谷平均只有5天会刮大风，但相比之下，沿海地带有20多天，山丘顶每年甚至会达100多天。海洋性气候使湖区全年温差较小。通常11月到次年4月会有较大降雪。一年四季山里都会有雾。

The Lake District is not just for walkers.There is a wealth of things to see and do，including stately castles，gardens，shops，and places where you can stop and simply watch the world go by.

湖区不仅仅适合徒步旅行。这里也很赏心悦目、趣味无穷：有富丽堂皇的城堡、漂亮的花园、各式各样的商店，还有那些可以让你随时小驻、休憩观赏的地方。