Henry Fielding was born in Somerset.His mother died when Fielding was eleven，and when his father remarried，Henry was sent to Eton.He studied at Eton College（1719-1724），where he learned to love ancient Greek and Roman literature.
亨利·菲尔丁出生于英国萨默塞特郡。11岁的时候，母亲就去世了，父亲再婚，菲尔丁被送到伊顿。1719—1724年，他在贵族伊顿公学就读，学习古希腊和罗马文学。
Encouraged by his cousin，Fielding started his career as a w riter in London.In 1728 he w rote two plays，of which Love in Several Masques was successfully performed.In the same year he went to the University of Leiden in the Netherlands，enlarging his knowledge of classical literature.
受表妹的鼓励，亨利·菲尔丁在伦敦开始了他的写作生涯。1728年，他创作了两部戏剧，其中《歌舞会中的恋爱》还成功上映。同年，亨利·菲尔丁进入荷兰的莱顿大学学习，丰富自己的古典文学知识。
In 1749，Fielding's best known novel The History of Tom Jones published.Later when his health was failing，he went to Portugal to recuperate.Fielding died on October 8，1754 in Lisbon not long before the arrival.
1749年，菲尔丁最著名的小说《汤姆·琼斯》出版。后来健康状况亮起红灯，他前往葡萄牙医治。然而，刚到里斯本不久，他就于1754年10月8日离开了人世。
Plot：The first part of the story tells what the protagonist experiences in the country.The rich，kind country gentleman Allworthy adopts an abandoned baby and names it Tom Jones.He brings him up together with his sister Bridget's child，Blifil.
故事梗概：故事第一部分叙述主人公在乡村的经历。富有、善良的乡绅奥尔沃西收养了一名弃婴，并取名汤姆·琼斯，同时他也抚养着妹妹伯里琪的儿子布利菲尔。
Gradually the two children grow up.Tomis honest，good-natured and open-hearted while Blifil is hypocritical and very calculating.Sophia Western，Squire Western's daughter，falls deeply in love with Tom.But Mr.Western forces his daughter to marry Blifil who will inherit a large fortune.Blifil，out of personal ambition，also wants to marry Sophia.
两个孩子逐渐长大成人，汤姆诚实、善良、坦率。而布利菲尔却虚伪、工于心计。乡绅斯夸尔·韦斯顿的女儿索菲亚·韦斯顿深爱着汤姆，但韦斯顿却逼迫女儿嫁给能继承大笔遗产的布利菲尔，而布利菲尔出于个人野心，也想娶索菲亚为妻。
He tries every means to defame Tom.Eventually A llworthy banishes Tom from the country in a rage.Sophia，who has run away from Squire Western's estate to avoid marrying Blifil，is also on her way to London with her maid to look for Tom.
布利菲尔竭力中伤汤姆，终使得奥尔沃西一怒之下将汤姆赶出了乡村。索菲亚为逃避与布利菲尔结婚，也带着侍女离家出走，前往伦敦找寻汤姆。
The second part of the novel is about what Tom and Sophia experience on their way to London.Tom begins to wander about the countryside.He rescues a Mrs.Waters from being robbed，and they begin an affair at a local inn.Sophia happens to stop at this inn and discovers that Tomis having an affair with Mrs.Waters.
小说第二部分是汤姆和索菲亚各自前往伦敦路上的经历。汤姆开始在乡间流浪，他救了遭抢劫的沃特斯夫人。经不住沃特斯夫人的诱惑，汤姆与其在当地一家客栈发生了关系。索菲亚碰巧也在这家客栈歇息，发现了汤姆与沃特斯夫人之间的风流韵事。
She leaves her ring in Tom's bed so that he knows she has been there.When Tom finds the ring，he frantically sets out in pursuit of Sophia.The Irishman Fitzpatrick arrives at the inn searching for his wife，and Western arrives searching for Sophia.(www.xing528.com)
索菲亚将自己的戒指留在汤姆的床上，让他知道自己曾来过这里。汤姆发现戒指后，急急忙忙前去追寻索菲亚。爱尔兰人菲茨帕特里克到这家客栈寻找妻子，韦斯顿也在这里寻找索菲亚。
The third part of the novel is the protagonist's experience in London.Upon arrival，Sophia stays with her lady relative，Lady Bellaston.Tom arrives in London soon after and he stays in the house of Mrs.Miller.
小说的第三部分是主人公在伦敦的经历。到达伦敦后，索菲亚住在亲戚贝拉斯顿夫人家，汤姆也随后赶到伦敦，住在米勒夫人家。
Lady Bellaston，who is in the autumn oflife，tries every means to prevent Tom from meeting Sophia and tempts Tom to have an affair with her，although Tom privately，continues to pursue Sophia.When he and Sophia finally meet and are reconciled，Tom breaks off the relationship with Lady Bellaston.
已近中年的贝拉斯顿夫人想方设法阻止汤姆与索菲亚见面，并引诱汤姆与其发生关系，但汤姆私下里仍在寻找索菲亚。他与索菲亚终于相见，并重修旧好，汤姆结束了与贝拉斯顿夫人的关系。
Yet Lady Bellaston is still determined not to allow Sophia and Tom's love to flourish.She encourages another young man，Lord Fellamar，to rape Sophia.Mr.Western arrives in time to save his daughter and takes her away to his lodgings.When Sophia again refuses to agree to marry Mr.Blifil，he locks Sophia in her room.He swears that he will not let her out until she promised to marry Blifil.
然而贝拉斯顿夫人打定主意不让汤姆与索菲亚的爱情之花绽放，她唆使另一个年轻人费拉摩爵士占有索菲亚，幸而韦斯顿及时赶到救了女儿，并将她带到自己的住处。索菲亚再次拒绝同意嫁给布利菲尔，韦斯顿便将索菲亚锁在房间里，并发誓只有她答应与布利菲尔结婚，才会放她出来。
Soon after，Blifil and A llworthy arrive in London，too.Mr.Fitzpatrick thinks Tomis his wife's lover and begins a duel with Tom.In defending himself，Tom stabs Fitzpatrick with the sword and is thrown into jail.There is every chance that he will be hanged to death.Mrs.Waters meets with Allworthy and explains that Fitzpatrick is still alive，and has admitted to initiating the duel，thus proving Tom to be innocent.She also tells Allworthy that a lawyer acting on behalf of an unnamed gentleman tried to persuade her to conspire against Tom.Allworthy realizes that Blifil is this very gentleman.
不久，布利菲尔与奥尔沃西也来到伦敦。菲茨帕特里克认为汤姆就是他妻子的情人，并与汤姆进行了一场决斗。出于自卫，汤姆用剑刺伤了菲茨帕特里克，被投进监狱，很有可能被绞死。沃特斯夫人与奥尔沃西会面，并向他解释，菲茨帕特里克还活着，并承认是他自己挑起的决斗，从而证明了汤姆的清白。她还告诉奥尔沃西，一位律师企图劝她合伙密谋陷害汤姆，而他的委托人是一名不愿意透露姓名的绅士。奥尔沃西意识到这位绅士就是布利菲尔。
Mrs.Waters also reveals that Tom's mother was Bridget A llworthy，Mr.A llworthy's sister.Tomis released from jail and he and Allworthy are reunited as nephew and uncle.Now that Tomis Allworthy's heir，Squire Western eagerly encourages the marriage between Tom and Sophia.Eventually they are able to live happily together.
沃特斯夫人还透露汤姆的母亲就是奥尔沃西先生的的妹妹伯里琪· 奥尔沃西。汤姆获释，并与舅舅奥尔沃西相认团聚。汤姆成了奥尔沃西的继承人，乡绅韦斯顿迫不及待地想促成汤姆与索菲亚的婚事。汤姆与索菲娅终于可以幸福地生活在一起了。
Comment：Through depicting the behaviors and feelings of a variety of characters，the author reflects the overall British society of that time.The plot and relationships of characters of this novel are so com plicated and well-woven that some critics think its structure set a good example for English novel.
评论：作者通过刻画不同人物的行为和情感，反映出当时整个英国社会生活的全貌。这部作品的情节与人物关系极为复杂，布局极为巧妙，有评论家认为这部作品的结构是英国小说的典范。
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