现在完成时的使用方法详解

A 篇章学习:朗读对话，回答问题

Dylan: It's about 1 pm now. Where have you been, Mom?

Mom: I have been to the mall.

Dylan: What have you bought today?

Mom: I have bought a book and some milk. What's the matter, Dylan?

Dylan: I am upset. Dad has gone to his oきce. You were both out! Who has prepared lunch for me? No one!What have you brought for me? Nothing!

B 语法聚焦1: 现在完成时特殊疑问句式

现在完成时的特殊疑问句以其他特殊疑问词开头，例如what, which, where, why,when, how long等，结构为“特殊疑问词 + have / has+主语+过去分词？”。

练习1　连词成句。

1 What / baked / cake / Mom / has / for me / this time / ?

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2 stamps / How many / have / you / this year / collected / ?

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3 Who / given / you / has / this book / ?

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4 read / Which / storybook / have / you / ?

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5 she / eaten / What / has / before dinner?

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C 语法聚焦2: 不规则动词的过去分词

bought是buy的过去分词。不规则动词的过去分词形式较特殊，需要单独记忆。以下为一些常用动词及过去分词列表：

小贴士

部分动词原形和过去分词同形式，但是注意read的原形和过去分词是同形不同音：

动词原形读为/ri:d/，过去分词读为/red/。

练习2　使用动词的适当形式完成句子。

例：I have finally found my phone. It's on the desk! (find)

1 We have _____________ somewhere recently. (meet)

2 He has _____________ about that question many times. (think)

3 How many English books have you _____________? (read)

4 She has _____________ a lot about this problem to us. (say)

5 They've never _____________ me anything about it. (tell)

6 We've never _____________like this before. (feel)

7 Look what I have _____________ for you. (bring)

8 Have you ever _____________ about that? (hear)

9 They have never _____________ so early. (sleep)

D 语法聚焦3:have been和have gone

现在完成时的句子中，have been 和 have gone 都可以用来表示

“已经去了某个地方”，后面可以加介词to并跟地点名词或地点副词。

have been to a place表示去过了，通常现在已经不在该地；

have gone to a place表示去了那个地方，现在还没返回。

练习3　使用have been或have gone的合适形式填空。

1 I ____________ never _____________ to Iceland. Is it nice there?

2 I can't meet Lee because he _____________ _____________ to USA.(www.xing528.com)

3 Where _____________ you _____________ this whole day?

4 Juliet _____________ _____________ to many countries.

5 It's too late. The train _____________ _____________.

6 Who _____________ _____________ there before?

练习4　根据意思将紧密关联的句子连线。

1 Have you been there?

a The one near our school.

2 Who hasn't finished studying?

b More than 30.

3 Which park have they gone to?

c Yes. I have.

4 How many cities has she been to?

d Naughty Jimmy!

5 Have they gone without lunch?

e I've been out.

6 Where have you been?

f No, they haven't.

7 Has he been to that restaurant?

g Yes, he has been there.

单元练习

练习5　单项选择。

1 ( ) How many times have you __________ there?

A. flown B. fly C. flies

2 ( ) Has the baby __________?

A. sleeps B. sleep C. slept

3 ( ) He __________ more books for me to read.

A. have brought B. has brought C. have read

练习6　用所给单词的适当形式写出现在完成时的疑问句。

1 who / hear / that / loud noise _____________________________________

2 what / Mom / say _____________________________________

3 where / you and Joe / meet _____________________________________

4 which book / you / borrow _____________________________________

5 when / they / put / it / back _____________________________________

练习7　根据提示对问题做出完整回答。

1 Where have you lost your book? (in the park)

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2 Which pen has she borrowed? (the blue one)

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3 Whose kite has flown away again? (Lenny's)

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4 Why have you been out again? (I was bored.)

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