每个科技期刊或科技期刊出版机构对于文献在论文中标引的方式以及在参考文献名录中列出的格式都有明确的规定,[6,7,14,18]论文作者必须查看并严格遵循。一般来说,要注意以下几点:
(1)参考文献通常以其在论文中被首次提到的前后次序编号。最常用的在论文中标引文献的方式是采用编号的上标(superscript),如[3];也有的期刊采用同行方括号内加编号的方式,如[3]。但也有少量期刊,如《国际塑性学报》(International Journal of Plasticity)以及The Plant Journal等,采用以作者姓名及论文发表的年份的方式标引文献,如(Jin and Winter,1984b)。有些期刊,如《皇家学会报告》(Proceedings of the Royal Society)或哲学期刊(Philosophical Magazine),直至本世纪初还以作者姓名标引文献,目前也已改为前后次序编号的文献引入方法。
(2)提供详细信息。在参考文献的名录中应该提供给读者在图书馆或互联网上查找到文献的所有详细信息。对于非英语文献,应给出文献的原始题目,并在括弧中给出英语翻译。
(3)根据期刊要求调整参考文献的格式。各期刊对参考文献的名录中如何给出参考文献编码、作者姓名、文献标题、文献出处、发表年月、页码等都有极其详细的规定。论文作者应该严格按照这些规定调整名录中参考文献的格式。例如,附录一科技论文实例3[15]在下列期刊中被列为参考文献时,格式将按照各期刊的要求分别调整为,
Advanced Materials:
[1]P.Nolte,A.Stierle,N.Y.Jin-Phillipp,N.Kasper,T.U.Schulli,H.Dosch,Science 2008,321,1654
ACS Nano:
1.Nolte,P.;Stierle,A.;Jin-Phillipp,N.Y.;Kasper,N.;Schulli,T.U.;Dosch,H.Shape Changes of Supported Rh Nanoparticles during Oxidation and Reduction Cycles.Science 2008,321,1654-1658.
Physical Review Letters:
[1]P.Nolte,A.Stierle,N.Y.Jin-Phillipp,N.Kasper,T.U.Schulli,and H.Dosch,Science 321,1654(2008).
Science:
1.P.Nolte et al.,Science 321,1654(2008).
注意,即使期刊要求只列出第一作者的姓名,在联合第一作者情况下,通常应把并列第一作者的名字全部列出。
(4)已被接受但尚未发表的论文,应标明“in press”或“forthcoming”;已经投稿但尚未被接受的论文,“unpublished”。
参考文献
[1]见Philosophical Transactions.http://rstl.royalsocietypublishing.org/content/1/1.toc
[2]见Elsevier网站How to get published页面.https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/91038/Get-Published-Quick-Guide.pdf(www.xing528.com)
[3]见Elsevier网站如何获得出版页面.https://www.elsevier.com/__data/assets/pdf_file/0003/91047/Get-Published-Quick-Guide-Chinese-web.pdf
[4]见American Chemical Society网站Ethical Guidelines to Publication of Chemical Research页面.https://pubs.acs.org/userimages/ContentEditor/1218054468605/ethics.pdf
[5]见International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE)网站Defining the role of authors and contributions页面.http://www.icmje.org/recommendations/browse/roles-and-responsibilities/defining-the-role-of-authors-and-contributors.html
[6]见European Association of Science Editors(EASE)网站Guidelines for Authors and Translators of Scientific Articles to be Published in English页面.http://www.ease.org.uk/publications/authorguidelines-authors-and-translators/
[7]见European Association of Science Editors(EASE)网站英文科研论文写作和翻译指南页面.
[8]ALBERT T,WAGER E.How to handle authorship disputes:a guide for new researchers[R/OL].The COPE(Committee on Publication Ethics)Report,2003:32-34.https://publicationethics.org/files/2003pdf12_0.pdf
[9]见Journal of the American Medical Association网站.https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jama/pages/instructions-for-authors#top
[10]WANG Z Y,TONG Z,YE Q,et al.Dynamic tuning of optical absorbers for accelerated solarthermal energy storage[J].Nature Communications,2017,8:1478.
[11]中华人民共和国国家质量监督检验检疫总局和中国国家标准化管理委员会.GB/T 16159-2012汉语拼音正词法基本规则[S/OL].http://pinyin.info/rules/GBT16159-2012.html http://www.moe.gov.cn/ewebeditor/uploadfile/2015/01/13/20150113091717604.pdf
[12]见American Institute of Physics网站Author Instructions页面.https://publishing.aip.org/sites/default/files/aippub/files/PreparingMS.pdf
[13]SHAN H,GAO W,et al.Nanoscale kinetics of asymmetrical corrosion in core-shell nanoparticles[J].Nature Communications,2018.
[14]见The American Physical Society网站Physical Review Style and Notation Guide页面.https://d22izw7byeupn1.cloudfront.net/files/styleguide-pr.pdf
[15]NOLTE P,et al.Shape Changes of Supported Rh Nanoparticles during Oxidation and Reduction Cycles[J].Science,321:2008,1654-1658.
[16]JIN N Y,WINTER A T.Cyclic Deformation of Copper Single Crystals Oriented for Double Slip[J].Acta metal,1984,32,No.7:989-995.
[17]任胜利.英语科技论文撰写与投稿(第二版)[M].北京:科学出版社,2011.
[18]见International Committee of Medical Journal Editors(ICMJE)网站Recommendations页面.http://www.icmje.org/icmje-recommendations.pdf
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