差示扫描量热法（Differential Scanning Calorimetry，简称DSC）是在程序控制温度条件下，测量输入到样品与参比物的能量差（功率差或热流差）与温度（或时间）关系的一种热分析方法。
在差热分析中，当样品发生热效应时，样品的实际温度往往与程序升温所控制的温度并不相同。此外，在发生热效应时，样品与参比物及试样周围的环境有较大温差，它们之间会进行热传递，降低了热效应测量的灵敏度和精确度。差示扫描量热法克服了差热分析的这个缺点，试样的吸、放热量能及时得到应有的补偿，使样品与参比物间的温度始终保持相同，无温差、无热传递、热损小，因而检测信号大。同时，在差示扫描量热分析中，差示扫描量热曲线离开基线的位移代表样品吸热或放热的速率，以mJ/s为单位来记录，差示扫描量热曲线所包含的面积是热焓ΔH的直接度量。
差示扫描量热法基本原理的英文描述如下。(www.xing528.com)
Differential scanning calorimetry（DSC）has been the most widely used thermal analysis technique.In this technique，the sample and reference materials are subjected to a precisely programmed temperature change.When a thermal transition（a chemical or physical change that results in the emission or absorption of heat）occurs in the sample，thermal energy is added to either the sample or the reference containers in order to maintain both the sample and reference at the same temperature.Because the energy transferred is exactly equivalent in magnitude to the energy absorbed or evolved in the transition，the balancing energy yields a direct calorimetric measurement of the transition energy.Since DSC can measure directly both the temperature and the enthalpy of a transition or the heat of a reaction，it is often substituted for differential thermal analysis as a means of determining these quantities in certain high-temperature applications.
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