精确三维坐标控制网构建在大空间测量中的应用

林喜睿 邾继贵 郭寅 郭庭航 叶声华

（天津大学精密测试技术及仪器国家重点实验室 天津300072）

摘要：全局测量与精度控制是超大空间内精密测量的基础，决定整体测量的性能和适用性。为提高整体空间测量精度，同时解决定向及尺度问题，必须在全局空间内布设高精度测量控制网。三维坐标测量作为几何量测量的重要代表，是建立控制网最直接且约束最强的控制条件。为建立大空间精密三维坐标控制网，采用激光跟踪仪多站位对空间全局控制点进行三维坐标测量，结合奇异值分解算法完成各站位的方位定向，并利用激光跟踪仪极高精度的测距值作为约束，对跟踪仪测角误差进行优化，进一步提高坐标控制网的精度。将该控制网建立方法应用于某飞机机翼表面形貌测量，实现激光跟踪仪全局控制与终端摄影测量的高效组合，以不同若干站位下全局控制点间距离比对结果表明该控制网对现场测量精度和可靠性的提高具有良好结果。

关键词：坐标控制网 激光跟踪仪 奇异值分解 距离约束 测角误差

中图分类号：TB92

Establishment of Precise Three-dimensional Coordinate Control Network in Field Large-Space Measurement(www.xing528.com)

LIN Jiarui ZHU Jigui GUO Yin GUO Tinghang YE Shenghua

（State Key Laboratory of Precision Measurement Technology and Instruments Tianjin 300072）

Abstract：Global measurement and precision control are the basis of precision measurement in large space，determine the applicability and performance of overall measurement.In order to improve o-verall spatial measurement accuracy，while solving the problem of orientation and scale，high-preci-sion measuring control network must be laid in the global space.As an important representative of geometric measurement，three-dimensional coordinate is the most direct way and the strongest con-straint in establishment of the measurement control network.In order to establish precise coordinate control network.laser tracker is used to measure three-dimensional coordinate of global points by multi-station，then orientations of all stations are figured out by singular value decomposition algo-rithm，and tracker angle measurement error is optimized by making the high-precision length meas-urement as a constraint to improve accuracy of the coordinate control network.This method is ap-plied to shape measurement of aircraft wing surface，it can realize the combination of tracker global control and terminal photogrammetry，the result of comparing with distances between global control points in several stations is demonstrated that the control network can improve the field measuring accuracy and reliability.

Keywords：Coordinate control network Laser tracker Singular value decomposition Distance constraint Angle measurement error