现代测量技术与仪器的发展趋势

叶声华¹ 秦树人²

（1.天津大学 天津 300072；2.重庆大学 重庆 400044）

摘要：当今制造技术的快速进步引发了许多新型测试计量问题，推动着传感器、测试计量仪器的研究与发展，促使测试计量技术中的新原理、新技术、新装置系统不断出现。和传统的技术比较，现代测试计量技术呈现出测量仪器的作用愈加重要，新的仪器不断出现，如便携式形貌测量、基于视觉的在线检测、基于机器人的在线检测与监控微/纳米级测量和虚拟测试技术等。除此，仪器设备的精确度有了质的飞跃，自动化程度得到显著改善，同时在计算机软、硬件的支持下，其功能得到极大拓展，展现出一片欣欣向荣的景象。当务之急，是针对测试计量技术应用特点，分析我国的现状，比较与国外同类技术存在的差距，探讨在目前条件下我国测试计量技术的发展重点和趋势。在未来的测试计量技术及仪器技术的发展中，针对实际存在的问题和发展趋势，着力加大科研投入，重视基础研究，紧密联系工程应用。相信在不久的将来，我国测试计量技术定可获得快速的发展，为我国科学技术和国民经济的发展发挥更大的作用。

关键词：测试测量 仪器仪表 制造技术

中图分类号：TB9；P204 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1674-5124（2009）02-0001-06

Development of modern measuring metrological and instrumental technologies

YE Shenghua¹，QIN Shuren²(www.xing528.com)

（1.Tianjin University Tianjin 300072；

2.Chongqing University Chongqing 400044）

收稿日期：2008-10-08；收到修改稿日期：2008-12-05。

作者简介：叶声华（1934—），男，湖北沙市人，中国工程院院士，研究方向为测试计量技术与仪器。

Abstract：A lot of new problems in measurement and metrologica are aroused by the fast devdlop-ment of current manufacture technology，which promotes the research and development of sensors and instruments for measuring and metrologica and urges the coming out of new principles，new technologies，new equipments.Compared with traditional measuring technologies，in the modern measuring and metrological technologies such as portable pattern measurement，online detection based on machine vision，online testing and monitoring based on robots，micron/nanometer level measurement and virtual instruments，more important roles are played by measuring instruments，and new instruments keeps coming out.Except that，the precision of instruments and equipments gets a substantial improvement，the automatic degree of instruments gets a remarkable promotion，and at the same time，the function of instruments gets extrmely extended.All these portray a flour-ishing view.The urgent affaire currently is according to the features of measuring，metrologica technologies to analyze the situation of testing and measuring technologies in our nation，get a clear view of the gap with the same kind of technologies overseas，and then discuss the emphasis and tendency of development.In the future development of measuring，metrologica and instrument tech-nologies，if aiming at the practical problems and development trend，invest in scientific researches is increased，fundamental researches are emphasized，engineering application is closely involved，the measuring and metrologica technologies in our nation is believed to be fast developing，and play greater roles in developing the scientific technologies and national economy.

Keywords：mesurement and test instrument and appartus manufacure techndogies