6061铝合金多道次冷轧制过程的有限元分析与性能结构研究

骆冬智1，2，瞿飞俊2，孙智富1

（1.重庆机电职业技术大学　兵器工业研究所，重庆　402760；2.澳大利亚伍伦贡大学机械／材料／机电与生物医学工程系，澳大利亚　新南威尔士州2522）

摘　要：6061 因较高的耐腐蚀性，在军工领域有着较多的应用。铝合金发展离不开强韧化的需求，采用有限元模拟与实验相结合的手段，研究了80 道次异步轧制6061 铝合金板材的工艺过程中应力的变化与所制备样品的结构性能表征，结果发现6061 铝合金在经过9.8%总变形量的80 道次异步轧制后，屈服强度较初始退火样品提高了一倍，均匀延伸率未显著下降；有限元模拟结果发现，由于每道次压下量小，经过80 道次变形后应力主要集中在表面，结合EBSD 结果分析，试样表面分布密集的小角度晶界网，样品强度的提高可以归结于表层小角度晶界对于位错的阻碍，而内部较大的晶粒依旧为位错滑移提供足够空间来完成加工硬化阶段，从而保持塑性。

关键词：材料科学与工程；6061 铝合金；冷轧；多道次异步轧制；有限元模拟；性能；显微组织

中图分类号：TG335　文献标志码：A

作者简介：骆冬智（1986—），男，博士研究生，E-mail：steven347＠163.com。(www.xing528.com)

Simulation analysis and research of properties and microstructure of 6061 alloy via multi-pass asymmetric rolling

LUO Dongzhi1，2，QU Feijun2，SUN Zhifu1

（1.Chongqing Vocational and Technical University of Mechatronics，Technical Institute of Ordnance In⁃dustry，Chongqing，402760，China；2.School of Mechanical，Materials，Mechatronics and Biomedical Engineering，Faculty of Engineering and Information Sciences，University of Wollongong，Wollongong，NSW 2522，Australia）

Abstract：AA6061 alloy，for the high corrosion resistance，enjoy a high level of application in military in⁃dustrial.The development of Al alloy demands for the higher strength and toughness，thus we combined finite ele⁃ment analysis and experimental method，focusing on the study of stress distribution and structure and mechanical properties via 80 passes asymmetric rolling.The results indicate that the yield stress after 80 passes rolling with to⁃tal reduction of 9.8% has doubled compared to the initial state without drastically decrement of uniform elonga⁃tion，the slight reduction per pass has led to stress concentration at the surface which constitutes a dense layer of low angle grain boundary observed by EBSD.The enhancement of sample is attributed sub-grain boundary gradi⁃ent consists of low angle grain boundary，the ductility remains rather moderate is ascribed by the motion of dislo⁃cations in the large grain towards the inner part of the sample.

Keywords：material science and engineering；6061 Al alloy；cold rolling；multi-pass asymmetric roll⁃ing；finite element analysis；properties；microstructure