基于VMD的多尺度噪声调节随机共振的行星齿轮箱诊断方法

池　阔1，康建设1，李志勇2，迭旭鹏1，孟　硕1，张星辉1

（1.陆军工程大学石家庄校区装备指挥与管理系，河北　石家庄　050003；2.陆军工程大学石家庄校区教学科研处，河北　石家庄，050003）

摘　要：行星齿轮箱是装备机械传动系统的重要组成部分，其故障轻则导致装备无法运转，重则导致机毁人亡。但行星齿轮箱的结构复杂，故障诱导的冲击十分微弱，难以有效诊断其健康状态。为有效诊断行星齿轮箱故障，提出基于变分模态分解（Variational Mode Decomposition，VMD）的多尺度噪声调节随机共振方法。该方法在包络分析的基础上，用VMD 将包络信号分解为多个本征模态函数（Intrinsic Mode Functions，IMF），按频带次序分别调节各IMF 分量均方差，叠加生成噪声调节包络信号，并输入到双稳态随机共振系统中，调节系统参数，使得系统输出的信噪比达到最大。为验证所提方法的有效性，开展行星齿轮箱齿圈磨损故障试验，采集振动加速度信号，分别采用双稳态随机共振和所提方法分析试验数据。结果表明，所提方法能够在压缩高频成分的同时有效提升低频的齿圈故障特征频率，且效果优于双稳态随机共振。

关键词：故障诊断；行星齿轮箱；变分模态分解；多尺度噪声调节；随机共振

中图分类号：TJ810.3　文献标志码：A

作者简介：池阔（1990—），男，博士研究生，E-mail：dynamicck＠emails.imau.edu.cn。(www.xing528.com)

Planetary gearbox diagnosis using multi-scale noise tuning stochastic resonance based on VMD

CHI Kuo1，KANG Jianshe1，LI Zhiyong2，DIE Xupeng1，MENG Shuo1，ZHANG Xinghui1

（1.Department of Equipment Command and Management，Shijiazhuang Branch of Army Engineering University，Shijiazhuang 050003，China；2.Teaching Research Department，Shijiazhuang Branch of Army Engineering University，Shijiazhuang 050003，China）

Abstract：Planetary gearbox is an important part of equipment mechanical transmission system.The equip⁃ment will not operate when its fault is light，or even cause fatal accident when the fault is heavy.However，the structure of the planetary gearbox is complex and fault-induced impulses is weak，which makes it difficult to di⁃agnose the fault effectively.To solve this problem，a multi-scale noise tuning stochastic resonance method based on variational mode decomposition（VMD）is proposed.Firstly，the envelope signal is decomposed into multiple intrinsic mode functions（IMF）by VMD.Then，the root mean square error of every IMF is tuned and according to the frequency-band order，and the noise-tuning envelope signal is generated through the mixture of all the tuned IMFs.At last，the noise-tuning envelope signal is input into the bi-stable stochastic resonance system.The system parameters are adjusted until the signal-to-noise ratio of the system output signal reach the max.To verify the effectiveness of the proposed method，the wear failure test of the gear ring of planetary gearbox was car⁃ried out，and the vibration acceleration signals were collected.Both bi-stable stochastic resonance（BSR）and the proposed method were used to analyze the test data respectively.The results show that the proposed method can effectively enhance the gear ring fault characteristic frequency while compressing the high frequency compo⁃nents，and its effect is better than bi-stable stochastic resonance.

Keywords：fault diagnosis；planetary gearbox；variational mode decomposition；multi-scale noise tuning；stochastic resonance