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落实信用证:顺利完成国际贸易款项结算的关键

时间:2023-06-11 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:履行合同的首要任务明华公司与sportsman公司签订的销售合同中约定了以即期信用证作为结算方式。请你帮助李明落实信用证,并审核信用证的内容。2014年6月24日,英国GOODLUCKY有限公司根据合同规定开出了以明华公司为受益人的第DC LUT120954号信用证。

落实信用证:顺利完成国际贸易款项结算的关键

履行合同的首要任务

明华公司与sportsman公司签订的销售合同中约定了以即期信用证作为结算方式。因此,本项合同履行的首要任务是先落实信用证。请你帮助李明落实信用证,并审核信用证的内容。

1. 催促客户开证

双方在6月初签订了合同,但已近6月底,还没有收到sportsman公司开来的信用证。李明发邮件催促客户尽快到银行开立信用证。

[例4-1]催证函样例

Dear Sirs,

This is with regard to your order No.xxxx for 6,500 pairs of shoes,we regret up to this date we have received neither the required credit nor any further information from you.

Please give your attention to that,as agreed,the terms of payment for the above order are sight Letter of Credit established within 2 weeks upon the arrival of our Sales Confirmation.

We hereby request you to open by cable an irrevocable sight Letter of Credit for the amount of USD xxxx in our favor,with which we can execute the above order according to the original schedule.

Yours truly,

Tom Li

2. 信用证审核

[例4-2]信用证审核

2014年4月,明华公司和英国GOODLUCKY有限公司通过广交会结识,经过两个多月的往来函电,双方于2014年6月20日就4 800打双男式短袜(MEN'S SOCKS)和2 000打双婴儿袜(BABIES'HOSIERY)的买卖签署了号码为ZF12E0620的买卖合同

2014年6月24日,英国GOODLUCKY有限公司根据合同规定开出了以明华公司为受益人的第DC LUT120954号信用证。

TOTAL AMOUNT IN WORDS:SAY G B.POUNDS SEVENTY FIVE THOUSAND

SIX HUJNDRFD ONLY

LOADING PORT:YANTIAN/SHEKOU

DESTINATION:FELIXSTOWE

TIME OF SHIPMENT:BEFORE 10 AUG.2014

PARTAIL/TRANSSHIPMENT:PARTIAL SHIPMENTS ALLOWED.

TRANSSHIPMENT PROHIBITED

INSURANCE:COVERED BY THE SELLER FOR AT LEAST 110 PCT OF INVOICE VALUE COVERING

ALL RISKS AND WAR RISK AS PER ICC(A)DATED Ol/01/2009,CLAIM PAYABLE IN U.K.

PACKING:SOCKS 12DOZ.PRS IN CARTONS AND HOSl ERY 10DOZ.PRS IN

CARTON.TOTAL IN l∗40'FULL CONTAINER.

TERMS OF PAYMENT:BY IRREVOCABLE LETTER OF CREDIT IN FAVOUR OF THF SELLER TO BE AVAILABLE BY DRAFTS AT SIGHT.REACHING CHINA ON OR BEFORE 25 JUN.2014 AND REMAINING VALID FOR NEGOTIATION IN CHINA UNTIL 15 DAYS AFTER THE ACTUAL DATE OF SHIPMENT.

DOCUMENTS:SIGNED INVOICE IN QUADRUPLICATE;

PACKING LIST IN QUADRUPLICATE;

FULL SET CLEAN ON BOARD BILLS OF LADING MADE OUT TO SHIPPERS ORDER;

MARKED FREIGHT PREPAID NOTIFY THE BUYER;

CERTIFICATE OF ORIGIN IN DUPLICATE;

INSURANCE POLICY IN DUPLICATE.

REMARK:ALL DISPUTES ARISING FROM THE EXECUTION OF OR IN CONNECTING WITH THIS CONTRACT SHALL BE SETTLED AMICABLE BY NEGOTIATION.IN CASE OF SETTLEMENT CAN NOT BE REACHED THROUGH NEGOTIATION,THE CASE SHALL THEN BE SUBMITTED TO CHINA INTERNATIONAL ECONOMIC AND TRADE ARBITRATION COMMISSION IN BEIJING FOR ARBITRATION IN ACT WITH ITS SURE OF PROCEDURES.

THE ARBITRAL AWARD IS FINAL AND BINDING UPON BOTH PARTIES FOR SETTING THE DISPUTE.THE FEE FOR ARBITRATION SHALL BE BORNE BY THE LOSING PARTY UNLESS OTHERWISE AWARDED(OTHER DETAILS PLEASE READ OVERLEAF CAREFULLY).

THE SELLER THE BUYER

东莞市明华进出口贸易有限公司 GOODLUCKY CO.,LTD

经催证,对方开出的信用证如下:

请你根据合同审核该信用证是否正确,指出错误并改正。

知识链接

信用证审核的要点

1.对信用证本身的审核

(1)信用证的页码是否齐全。

(2)金额、币种是否与合同相符;大小写是否一致;溢短装条款是否适用金额。 

(3)是否按照合同规定的期限开出信用证。

(4)装运期是否与合同规定的相符。

(5)信用证有效期和到期地点是否符合合同规定。

(6)信用证交单期一般在装船后10~15天。

(7)信用证开证申请人和受益人的名称和地址是否有误。

(8)通知行是否与受益人在同一地点。

2.对信用证汇票条款的审核

(1)付款人是否为信用证中的开证行或指定的付款行。

(2)付款期限是否与合同中的付款期限相符。(www.xing528.com)

3.对信用证单据条款的审核

(1)信用证项下要求受益人提交议付的单据通常包括商业发票海运提单保险单、装箱单、检验证书及其他证明文件。要注意单据由谁出具、信用证对单据是否有特殊要求、单据的规定是否与合同条款一致等。

(2)有无影响收款的软条款。

4.对信用证中货物描述的审核

(1)信用证中商品的品名、规格、包装、数量、贸易术语是否与销售合同一致。

(2)唛头是否对应合同中的唛头。

(3)详细资料参照××合同,所引用的合同是否与买卖双方签订的合同相符。

5.对信用证装运条款的审核

(1)装运港与目的港是否与合同相符。若存在重名港问题,其后应加国别。

(2)装运时间是否恰当,若到证时间与装运期太近,无法如期装运,就应及时与开证申请人联系修改。逾期装运的运输单据将构成单证不符,银行有权不付款。

(3)货物是否允许转运,除非另有规定,货物是允许转运的。

(4)货物是否允许分批出运,若信用证中没有明确规定,应理解为货物是允许分批装运的。并且如果信用证中明确规定每一批货物出运的确切时间,则应注意能否悉数办到,如无法做到,则应立即要求修改。

6.对信用证其他条款的审核

(1)信开/电开信用证是否有银行保证付款的责任文句,如:Undertaking clause of opening bank。

(2)信用证对费用的规定是否可接受。

(3)信用证是否受《UCP600》的约束。MT700报文的40E栏位是必选项,当注明的是“UCP LATEST VERSION”时,UCP600才适用。

李明对信用证进行了审核,发现该信用证存在如下不符点:

(1)信用证种类为不可撤销的信用证,与合同规定不符。

(2)信用证规定的到期地点在开证行所在地,同时有效期与装运期为同一天,对我方备货、装运与交单不利,也与合同不符。

(3)信用证中的受益人的地址有误。

(4)信用证币制有误。

(5)汇票的付款期限有误。

(6)装运港有误,但是这一点对受益人有利,可以不要求修改。

(7)合同号码有误。

(8)信用证提单条款缺“已装船(ON BOARD)”字样。

(9)合同价格术语为CIF,应由卖方办理保险,信用证中缺失保险单

(10)单据要求中的“重量及质量证明书”应删除,因合同中并未要求提供此单据。

(11)信用证中有关全部银行费用由受益人承担的要求太过分,受益人应只承担开证行以外的银行费用。

(12)信用证规定装运后10天交单的要求与合同不符。

3. 信用证修改

通过对信用证的全面审核,如发现问题,应根据情况及时处理,对于不符合合同条款、影响安全收汇,难以接受或做到的信用证条款,必须要求客户进行修改。

根据以上审核结果,李明要求对方修改信用证的电子邮件如下:

[例4-3]信用证改正函

DEAR SIRS:

THE CREDIT UNDER S/C NO.ZF12E0620 IS RECEIVED WITH THANKS.IT IS A PITY THAT WE FIND MISTAKES IN THE CREDIT.PLEASE AMEND THEM AS FOLLOWS:

1.40A WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:IRREVOCABLE ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

2.31D WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:DATE 120809 PLACE IN CHINA ACCORDING THE S/C.

3.59 WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:DONGGUAN MINGHUA FOREIGN TRADE CORP.OF GUANGDONG,LTD.3 Daxue Road,DONGGUAN,GUANGDONG CHINA ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

4.32B WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:CURRENCY GBP AMOUNT 75600.00 ACCORDINC TO THE S/C.

5.42C WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:AT SIGHT ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

6.IN 45A S/C NO.WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:ZF12E0620.

7.IN 46A TRANSPORT DOCUMENT WRONG.THE WORDS“ON BOARD”IS LOSING.PLEASE ADD IT AFTER THE WORD“CLEAN”ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

8.IN 46A INSURANCE POLICY IS LOSING.PLEASE ADD THE INSURANCE CLAUSE,MEANWHILE DELETE THE CLAUSE“+CERTIFICATE OF WEIGHT AND QUALITY IN DUPLICATE”ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

9.IN 47A BANK CHARGES WRONG.WE CAN NOT PAY ALL BANKING CHARGES.PLEASE CHANGE THIS SENTENCE AS:+ALL BANK CHARGES IN CONNECTION WITH THIS DOCUMENTARY CREDIT EXCEPT ISSUING BANK'S OPENING COMMISSION AND TRANSMISSION COSTS ARE FOR THE ACCOUNT OF THE BENEFICIARY.

10.48 WRONG.IT SHOULD BE:WITHIN 15 DAYS AFTER THE DATE OF SHIPMENT BUT WITHIN THE VALIDITY OF THE CREDIT ACCORDING TO THE S/C.

PLEASE TRY YOUR BEST TO DO THE AMENDMENT AS THAT WE CAN EXECUTE THE SALES CONTRACT SUCCESSFULLY.

BEST REGARDS!

Yours truly,

Tom Li

【任务拓展训练】修改后的新信用证

7月2日,GOODLUCKY公司通过银行将经修正后的新信用证发给明华公司。请你根据上述信息将新信用证撰写出来。

经过仔细审核,李明确认该修改后的信用证能够全部接受,可以进入备货环节。

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