本节在假设土地、劳动力成本、国内市场规模和增长潜力等其他影响因素不变的前提下,不考虑世界石油价格的变动,从国际贸易的角度对中国欧盟碳泄漏问题进行了实证研究,结论认为中欧之间可能存在微弱的碳泄漏。然而,欧盟对石油的依赖度远大于中国,因此,并不能排除中欧碳密集型产品进出口比率的相关性是得益于2004后的油价急剧上升。但欧盟对外贸易中碳密集型产品出口比重保持平稳上升趋势则意味着发生碳泄漏的可能性很低。
综上,研究结论如下:欧盟与中国之间可能并未发生碳泄漏,或者,即使欧盟与中国之间碳泄漏真实存在,其程度也很微弱。这一结论至少说明碳泄漏不足以成为欧盟征收碳关税的理由。欧盟强调严重的碳泄漏将大大抵消了发达国家减排行动的效果,企图以此向包括中国在内的发展中国家施压,更多的是出于保护本国产业竞争力的需要。
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