Distribution of Smart Grid: Starts from Intelligent Micro-grid
Energy Internet in Shanghai
世界范围内新一轮能源变革正在蓬勃兴起。这一轮能源变革，将是以电为中心、以新能源大规模开发利用为特征的能源变革。现阶段契合这一特征的能源互联网是中国当前能源产业发展的重要机遇，是推动我国能源革命的重要战略支撑。其中智能电网建设是能源互联网发展的必由之路，而能源互联网被认为是智能电网的终极形态。
The world is witnessing the blooming of the new round of energy revolution， which bears the characteristics of using mainly electricity， and of developing and utilizing new energies. At present stage， the energy internet possessing such characteristics is an important opportunity for the development of China’s energy industry， and a strategic support of significance for the Chinese energy revolution. It is also the culmination of Smart Grid， which is the only way for it to develop in.
智能电网是构建城市现代能源体系的重要基础，是支撑城市能源供给安全的重要保障。近年来，上海围绕输变电技术、配用电技术、先进储能、微网系统等智能电网关键技术进行重点布局，在高温超导、超级电容、储能电池、智能能源网等领域的技术研发和产业化应用上取得了重要成果。
The Smart Grid is the foundation of modern cities’ energy system， providing guarantees for the safety of urban energy supply. In recent years， Shanghai has put emphasis on crucial technologies regarding Smart Grid， including power transmission and substation technology， power distribution technology， advanced energy storage， and micro-grid system. As a result， significant outcomes have been achieved with respect to the R ＆ D and industrial application of high-temperature superconductivity， supercapacitor， battery for energy storage， and intelligent energy network， etc.
智能微网由各类型可再生能源构成，可以成为零煤耗零碳排的绿色发电系统。它集成了分布式能源、储能装置、能量转换装置、负荷、监控和保护装置等，可运行在并网和孤岛两种模式下，并能够保证关键用户的不间断电力供应，提高供电可靠性和减少馈线损耗。智能微网的应用可以减少分布式能源对配电网的冲击，最大限度地发挥分布式能源的优势。
Intelligent micro-grid is constituted of all kinds of renewable energies， and thus a green power generation system with no coal consumption or carbon emission. It is an integration of distributed energy resources (DERs)，energy storage device， energy conversion device， load， monitor， and protection device， etc. And it is able to run under grid-connected and islanding modes. Therefore， it can make sure that the key users have sustainable power supply， thus improving its reliability， reducing feed line loss， easing up the impact of distributed energy on the electric distribution network， and giving full play to the advantages of distributed energy.
上海电气重点围绕智能微网领域，着重在小型分布式能源接入、新材料电池、静态开关等微网典型装备和自动化控制系统方面开展研发工作。通过技术研发和工程实践，上海电气在微网领域形成了包括方案设计与咨询、系统集成、系统运维和产品定制化开发等在内的成套服务能力，相关成果已经得到广泛应用，并取得了巨大的经济和社会效益。
Shanghai Electric focuses on the R ＆ D of intelligent micro-grid， including DER controller， new material batteries and static switch， etc. By way of R ＆ D and practice， it has developed its comprehensive support in the area of micro-grid， such as design and consultation， system integration， system operation ＆ maintenance， and customized product， etc. What’s more， the related outcomes have been applied far and wide， achieving enormous economic and social benefits.
能源互联网
Energy Internet
在高温超导技术方面，从2005年起，上海就在该领域通过持续的项目支持和产学研用的协力攻关，不仅在第二代超导带材的研发上取得重大突破，从超导材料制备、超导带材生产线关键装备到超导各项应用整条产业链上都有布局，带材与应用多项指标与国际先进水平接近，也率先在国内建设了能力完善的超导电缆技术平台。
In high-temperature superconductivity， since 2005， Shanghai， with the help of ongoing support and coordination between the industry， universities and institutions， has made not only significant breakthrough regarding the R ＆ D of the second generation superconducting tape， but also layout in the entire industry chain. The tape and application are close to the advanced world standard， and the first mature platform of superconducting cable is also built in Shanghai.
在储能技术方面，上海通过在钠硫电池、锂电池、超级电容电池等技术方向上的探索研究，研制成功当时世界上单体容量最大（650Ah）的钠硫电池，自行开发出年产2兆瓦单体钠硫电池的中试线，使我国成为继日本之后世界上第二个掌握钠硫储能电池成套技术的国家。并在锂电池的高功效、低成本、长寿命、安全性方面开展研究，已研制成多款产品。成功开发超级电容电池，并应用到实际中。
国内首条完整的公里级二代高温超导带材中试线设备
The first complete second-generation high-temperature superconducting tape test line equipment of China
In energy storage， Shanghai has been exploring the technologies of sodium-sulfur battery， lithium battery，super capacitor battery and the like. Sodium-sulfur battery with the largest capacity (650Ah) at that time is developed， and a pilot line is built， producing 2 MW sodium-sulfur batteries each year， making China the second in the world only to Japan that have commanded such technologies. Efforts are made in order to develop efficient，cheap， durable and safe lithium batteries， and the results are put into practice. So is the super capacitor battery.
在新能源发电与并网技术的新能源接入系统方面，开发了兆瓦级系列变流器以及用于电能质量治理的系列关键设备。在风电领域，上海电气在大型风电领域的市场占有率不断提高。上海交通大学在1.5兆瓦双馈到3兆瓦直驱变换器和电控系统以及风电场无功电压控制、低电压穿越等方面拥有核心技术，参与建设了多个风光储互补联合供电示范工程。在光伏领域，上海正泰凭借其光伏并网逆变器技术，在此领域排名较前，占据了一定的市场份额。
In renewable energy generation and the system of renewable energy connected to grid， MW converter and equipment for power quality control are developed. Shanghai Electric has been improving its market share in the area of large-scale wind power. Shanghai Jiaotong University has the core technologies of 1.5 MW doubly-fed-3 MW direct drive converter， electronic control system， wind farm reactive support and voltage control， and low-voltage crossing， and therefore is able to participate in building more than one demonstration project of windsolar complementary power supply. In the photo-voltaic field， Shanghai Chint has gained much competitiveness and occupied a certain market share because of its photo-voltaic grid-connected inverter technology.
钠硫电池制备流程
Sodium sulfur battery preparation process
在世博智能配电网示范工程规划中提出的主动配电网概念，已被国网和南网普遍接受，并获得了科技部863项目的支持。在建设“崇明智能电网集成综合示范工程”中，以大规模可再生能源综合利用为核心，开发了全岛可再生能源的可控、可调、分层分区消纳和高效环保利用。该示范工程集成了智能电网在配用电方面的大部分技术，为配用电领域的智能电网技术应用提供了一个良好的平台。
The active distribution network， raised in the Expo intelligent electric distribution network demonstration project， has been accepted by the State Grid and the China Southern Grid， and got the support from the Ministry of Science and Technology’s Project 863. The comprehensive use of large-scale renewable energies is to control and regulate the power， to consume it on different levels and in various divisions， and to use it in an efficient and environment-friendly way in building the Chongming Intelligent Comprehensive Demonstration Project. Such a project integrates most Smart Grid technologies， and provides a wonderful platform for application in the filed of power distribution.
基于需求响应技术的能源控制策略及多能源调度等关键技术，围绕智能电网用户端领域，开发了智能控制器、传感器等系列产品。在机场、轨道交通、楼宇建筑等多个领域的重大工程中得到了广泛应用，并取得了良好的经济效益。
In the field of Smart Grid user side， series of products including the intelligent controller and sensor are developed on the basis of energy control strategy， multi-energy dispatch， and other key technologies， and are applied to important projects concerning airport， rail transit， and building， obtaining good economic returns.(www.xing528.com)
智能微网
Intelligent Micro-grid
在智能微网中，利用分布式能源系统规划设计软件（DES-PSO），为客户提供经济性更好、更完善的分布式能源领域解决方案。开发出一款集信息收集及分析、能量管理优化功能于一体的区域能源管理系统CEMS。采用远程运维系统可有效覆盖长距离的工程，能够有效地避免运维人员前往现场排查。
In intelligent micro-grid， the Distributed Energy System Planning ＆ Design Software Tool (DES-PSO) is used， providing improved and more economical plans for the clients. Community Energy Management system CEMS is developed， which collects and analyzes information， and optimizes and manages energy. The Remote Operation ＆ Maintenance System is also used to cover projects in remote areas， so as to rid the related staff of field inspection.
开发了具备风光互补、风机启动智能保护、光伏的最大功率跟踪等功能，可应用到居民、商业、旅游胜地等场景的多能源多功能集成的并/离网风光储功率变换器，在全钒液流电池研制中，采用疏导型液流框设计方法，从根本上降低了电堆外漏的风险，提升了系统的可靠性。采取模块化可扩展的设计理念，增强了储能系统的灵活性。
区域能源管理系统CEMS
Community Energy Management System CEMS
The Grid-tied/off-grid Wind-Solar-Battery Power Converter is developed， and it can be applied to the communities， commercial buildings or scenic spots. The intelligent protection over wind turbine startup enhances the system， reliability. The max solar power is under tracking all the time. The design of the fluid flow pattern is adopted in developing the vanadium redox flow battery， which reduces the risk of leakage of the stack and improves the reliability of the system. And the modular extensible design theory increases the flexibility of the energy storage system.
上海在能源互联网，尤其是智能电网领域的技术研发和产业化应用上取得了重要成果，并有很好的成果应用示范。示范工程的成功使我国成为继美国、韩国之后世界上第三个有能力建设基于第二代高温超导带材的CD绝缘超导电缆示范工程的国家。
Shanghai has achieved significant outcomes in the R ＆ D and industrialization of technologies in the field of energy internet or the Smart Grid in particular. Demonstration projects are successfully built， making China the third in the world to be able to build projects of CD insulated superconducting cable on the basis of secondgeneration high-temperature superconducting tape， only next to the USA and South Korea.
通过智能电网示范工程项目，建成了全钒液流电池、钠硫电池、磷酸铁锂电池、钛酸锂电池、镍氢电池、铅酸电池、钠盐电池和超级电容等不同种类构成的分布式储能系统，分别布置在徐汇区漕溪站、崇明前卫村站、嘉定白银站3个储能变电站内，并将运行信息在漕溪站集中显示，统一接收上海市调度的远程监控及控制。并以此为基础，建设上海能源转换工程技术研究中心，为储能系统后续规模化、实用化道路的发展奠定了很好的基础。
钛酸锂电池柜
Lithium titanate battery cabinet
Distributed energy storage systems that are constituted of vanadium redox flow battery， sodium-sulfur battery， lithium iron phosphate battery， lithium titanate battery， NiMH battery， lead-acid battery， sodium salt battery and supercapacitor are built as a part of the demonstration project of Smart Grid. They are placed respectively at the power substations of Xuhui Caoxi， Chongming Qianwei and Jiading Baiyin， but remotely controlled and regulated by Shanghai headquarters， displaying the operating messages at Xuhui Caoxi power substation. They serve as the basis of Shanghai Energy Conversion Engineering Technology Research Center which lays the foundation of large-scale development of the energy storage system toward practical use.
“超级电容客车”已于2006年8月正式在上海11路公交车上实现商业化运营。2010年世博会期间，61辆超级电容城市客车承担了世博大道线路的运营任务。并在世博会后直接投入到上海26路公交线路上，体现了良好的技术稳定性和大规模推广应用价值。在此基础上，2012年升级了1辆新型高能量超级电容城市客车样车，经过高温天气严格的试验，不仅续驶里程大幅度提高到了10～15公里，而且一举解决散热难题，并且电源系统散热良好，温升低，工作正常，表现出了良好整车性能。目前超级电容城市客车已开创向发达国家输出先进电动汽车技术新局面，陆续获得来自保加利亚、以色列、中国香港等国家和地区的订单。
The super capacitor bus was commercialized in August， 2006， covering an area of 11 roads in Shanghai.During the 2010 Shanghai Expo， 61 super capacitor buses shouldered the transportation of the main roads. These buses were continued to be used in 26 bus routes after the Expo， reflecting the technical stability and value of large-scale use. In 2012， an upgraded high-energy super capacitor bus was tested under excruciating temperature，but showing excellent capacity in that it ran as far as 10～15 km， and its power system had no cooling problems.Now the super capacitor buses are exported to developed countries and regions as well as developing ones including Bulgaria， Israel and Hong Kong of China.
上海正在抓住此次能源革命发展的重要契机，利用能源互联网的新业态与能源技术革命，提高可再生能源比重，促进化石能源清洁高效利用，提高能源综合效率，推动节能减排与能源市场开放和产业升级，并有利于形成新的经济增长点。能源互联网的建设与发展将为提升中国能源绿色、低碳、智能的发展水平，走出一条清洁、高效、安全、可持续的能源发展之路提供方向，为中国经济社会持续健康发展提供支撑。
超级电容客车
Super capacitor bus
Shanghai is seizing the important opportunity of the energy revolution and making use of the new situation of the energy internet and the development of energy technologies to improve the proportion of renewable energies， and the clean and efficient use of fossil energy so as to increase energy efficiency and promote energy conservation and emission reduction， the opening-up of energy market and industrial upgrading， thus forming new economic growth point. The construction and advance of energy internet will improve the green， low-carbon and intelligent development of energies in China， and find a clean， efficient， safe and sustainable way of energy development to provide support for the sustained and healthy development of China’s economy and society.
上海电气经过十余年的研发，现已拥有具备分布式接入、能量管理、储能电池、静态开关等功能的智能微网关键产品，并具有提供一体化解决方案的能力。截至2017年4月，公司已向国家专利局提出23项专利申请，涵盖产品的外观、设计、结构、运行策略等多方面，其中已有3项获得授权。
After more than 10 years of R ＆ D by Shanghai Electric， key products related to Smart Grid， such as DER controller， energy management system， new material batteries， static switch and so on are ready to go. Integrative solution plan can also be provided. By the end of April， 2017， the company has had 23 patent applications，covering the product appearance， design， structure and operation strategy， etc.， submitted to the State Intellectual Property Office， of which 3 have been approved.
分布式能源市场规模发展极为迅猛，根据清洁能源市场调查机构Navigant Research预测，到2024年，分布式能源系统安装容量将为集中式发电的5倍，分布式能源的市场规模将达到1 830亿美元。从2015年到2024年，总的分布式能源投资将达到1.9万亿美元，这对于分布式能源相关技术及产品的规模化推广应用具有广阔的前景。
The market size of DRE has been and will continue to be expanding rapidly. According to the Navigant Research， DER installed capacity is estimated to be four times more than the centralized power generation in 2024，establishing a market of 183 billion dollars then. From 2015 to 2024， the total DER investment will accumulate to 1900 billion dollars. Rosy prospect awaits the large-scale promotion and application of the DER technologies and products.
(Contributed by Shanghai Electric Central Research Institute，sorted by Du Kunjie and Li Qifen， etc.)
免责声明：以上内容源自网络，版权归原作者所有，如有侵犯您的原创版权请告知，我们将尽快删除相关内容。
