追寻美丽的鹦鹉螺之旅

For that Beautiful “Pearly Nautilus”

上海光源工程建设中的创新

The Innovations in Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility

上海光源工程是迄今为止中国最大的科学装置和大科学平台，位于上海浦东张江高科技园区，基地总占地面积为194 231平方米，其中主体建筑占地30 166平方米，直径约为211米的封闭环形建筑由环建筑和中心区建筑两部分组成。环建筑包括储存环隧道，光束线实验站大厅及周边实验室，工艺设备和管线的技术走廊等建筑。中心区建筑包括电子直线加速器隧道、增强器隧道、变电站、磁铁电源间、高频间、空调机房等建筑。主体建筑的屋盖采用钢结构，由8片异型双向弯曲的“花瓣”旋转而成，造型别致，整体结构宛如“鹦鹉螺”状。钢屋盖投影平面呈圆环形，具有大跨度、大面积结构的特性。

Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility which is located in Zhangjiang high-tech Park is the largest scientific equipment and science platform so far in China， covering an area of 194 231 m2， of which 30 166 m2， is main buildings. The enclosed 211 m diameter circular construction is composed of circular buildings and center buildings. Circular buildings include storage ring tunnel， beam line experimental station hall and surrounding laboratories， technical corridors of processing equipment and pipeline and other buildings. Central buildings include electron linear accelerator tunnel， intensifier tunnel， transformer substation， magnet power supply room，high frequency room， air conditioning facilities and other buildings. The steel roof of the main building with a pearly nautilus shape is made up of eight compound-bending and rotated “petals”. The steel roof with round projection plane is featured by large span and large area.

桩顶扩径施工技术

Pile Block Diameter Expansion Construction Technique

工程桩基共有八种类型，其中P1、P2两种型桩，顶部7.9米范围内由φ600毫米扩径至φ900毫米。施工前针对桩顶扩径的成孔方式进行试成孔试验，为减少钻头调换次数以及有效控制槽壁坍方，最终确定成孔时先采用φ900毫米钻头钻孔，钻进至预定标高后调换φ600毫米钻头继续成孔。为保证桩身变径的同心度及垂直度，在桩架就位后即在桩机四个角点位置做好标记，保证更换钻头时，圆心位置不变。由于工程实验大厅底板桩顶埋深较浅，桩顶混凝土没有规范所要求的2米泛浆高度，为保证桩顶混凝土强度，浇灌桩身混凝土时需待孔口泛出原状混凝土后才停止浇灌，因此现场严格量化控制，经过计算φ600毫米灌注桩需泛出混凝土的具体量约为0.5立方米，同时对桩顶部分混凝土进行反复振捣，以确保密实。

There are eight types of engineering pile foundation， and among them the diameter of P1-type and P2-type piles’ 7.9 m head part was expanded from φ600 mm to φ900 mm. The pore-forming experiment on pile block diameter expansion’s pore-forming mode was conducted before construction. In order to lessen the times of changing drills and control landslip of slurry wall effectively， a φ900 mm drill was used to perforate before arriving at predetermined height and then it will be replaced by a φ600 mm drill to continue pore-forming. In order to maintain the concentricity and verticality during the process of changing pile foundation diameter， pile machine’s four corner locations were marked immediately after the pile frame was in place so that the position of circle center remained unchanged when drills were changed. Since the burial depth of engineering experiment hall baseplate was shallow， the pile top concrete is not required to regulate the height of the 2 m pulp. To ensure the strength of the concrete at the top of the pile， it is necessary to stop the watering when the concrete is poured. So the site strictly quantified control， and calculated by φ600 mm castings， the specific concrete amount is about 0.5 m3，while the concrete part of the pile top needs repeated vibrations to ensure density.

桩底后注浆施工技术

Pile Bottom Post-grouting Construction Technique

注浆器是桩端后注浆工艺中的关键技术，直接影响注浆的成功率。本工程所采用的注浆器采用单向阀的形式，并具有必备的密封性。为保证注浆的可靠性，每根桩预埋2根注浆管，注浆管与钢筋笼主筋牢靠固定，并与钢筋笼整体下放，在桩身混凝土浇灌后6～8小时内完成对预埋的2根注浆管进行清水劈裂。为实现100%的注浆率，对压浆管堵塞或未达到双控标准而无法继续压入浆液的桩，采取补压浆措施补救。

As a key technology of pile end post-grouting construction technique， grout injector influences the success of grouting directly. The grout injector of this project adopted one-way valve with necessary leak tightness. In order to ensure the reliability of grouting， two grouting pipes firmly fixed to steel reinforcement cage and lowered with steel reinforcement cage as a whole part were pre-buried in each pile. These two grouting pipes were split off by water within six to eight hours after concrete casting of pile was finished. Mudjack will be supplemented to piles where seriflux cannot be pressed in because of the blockage of grouting pipe and failure of reaching double control standard to realize 100% grouting rate.

超长厚墙板混凝土裂缝控制施工技术

Ultra-long Wall Concrete Crack Control Construction Technique(www.xing528.com)

根据工艺设计要求，隧道墙上不得出现垂直墙面的宽度≥0.15毫米的贯穿裂缝，由此采取了低收缩混凝土技术、分块浇筑施工措施、结构设缝构造处理、混凝土浇筑和混凝土测温及养护等技术措施。

According to process design requirements，≥0.15 mm-wide penetrating crack vertical to wall is prohibited in tunnel walls. Therefore， technologies like low shrinkage concrete technology， blocking pouring construction measurement， joints structure processing， pouring of concrete， concrete temperature measurement and maintenance and so on were adopted.

异型钢屋盖加工制作、安装施工技术

Heterotype Steel Roof Processing， Manufacturing and Installation Technology

工程钢屋盖投影平面呈圆环形，环内φ117米，环外φ211米。由40榀箱形主梁与3道钢环梁（次梁）组成主要承重体系，主次梁形成的划格采用单层网壳填充。主梁内端固定铰支于17米高的混凝土内柱柱顶，外端落地，与基础之间采用径向可动的单向滑动铰连接；跨中通过劲性钢柱与混凝土框架结构固接，形成两跨连续梁结构，为实现室内外基本一致的建筑效果，主次梁线形多变。采用的关键技术包括钢结构节点优化、异型曲面钢结构深化设计、异型钢构件的制作拼装工艺和异型钢屋盖的吊装工艺等。

The inner ring of the steel roof with round projection plane wasφ117 m and its outer ring isφ211 m. The main load-bearing system is composed of 40 girders and 3 steel circle beams and the lattice between girder and secondary beam is filled by single-layer latticed shell. The inner end of girder was fastened and pinned to the top of 17 m high concrete inner column， while the outer end fell on the ground， linked to the foundation by radial moving unidirectional sliding hinge. The midspan is connected to frame structure by rigid steel pile concrete，forming a two-span continuous beam structure. The line types of girders and secondary beams vary to realize the consistence between indoor and outdoor architectural effect. Critical techniques including steel structure joints optimization， detailed design of curved steel structure， assembly process of heterotype steel structure， hoisting technology of heterotype steel roof and so on were adopted.

异型防水保温一体化铝板屋面施工技术

Heterotype Waterproofing-insulation Integrated Aluminum Sheet Roof Construction Technology

针对工程具有特殊的防水保温要求，设计选择集防水保温功能于一体的新型建材—聚氨酯硬泡体作为本新型屋面的防水保温材料。屋面幕墙体系由8组螺旋上升的双曲扭面铝板组成，每组铝板间采用曲面玻璃条带连接。采用的关键技术包括异型空间结构测量成型施工技术、异型屋面防水保温施工技术和双曲面屋面系统加工安装施工技术等。

Polyurethane rigid foam， a new type of building material which combines waterproofing and insulation， was selected as the new type roof’s waterproof insulation system of to fulfill the project’s special waterproofing and insulation requirements. The roof curtain wall consists of 8 spiral hyperbolic twisted aluminum plates， of which each pair of hyperbolic twisted aluminum plates was connected by curved glass bands. Critical technologies adopted here include heterotype space structure measurement construction technique， heterotype roof waterproofing and insulation construction technique， hyperbolic twisted roof system processing and installation， etc.

工程于2004年12月25日开工，2006年11月10日正式进驻安装设备，2007年5月15日开始应用并实现了全直线加速器的出束，2007年10月5日凌晨，以世界上同类增强器少有的速度，成功实现了束流存储并加速到3.5吉电子伏特的能量。施工质量不仅满足了预期的设计工艺要求，同时，通过精心策划和施工，本工程主体建筑先后获得上海市优质结构示范工程和“白玉兰”示范工程。

The project started on December 25th， 2004， the installation equipment formally entered on November 10th，2006， the output of straight line linear accelerator was realized on May 15th， 2007 and beam storage was achieved successfully and accelerated to 3.5GeV energy on October 5th， 2007. The construction quality successfully satisfied the expected design and process request. Furthermore， the main building of this project was successively rated as high quality structure demonstration project and “magnolia” demonstration project.

（上海建筑设计研究院有限公司等单位供稿，马蕾等整理）

(Contributed by Shanghai Architecture Design ＆ Research Institute Co.， Ltd.，sorted by Ma Lei)