A.英译汉
Joint Press Release of the Seventh Trilateral Foreign Ministers’Meeting among the Republic of Korea,Japan,and the People’s Republic of China
1.The Foreign Ministers of the Republic of Korea,Japan,and the People's Republic of China convened in Seoul,for the Seventh Trilateral Foreign Ministers’Meeting on March 21,2015,and engaged in an in-depth discussion on various issues including the current status and future direction of the trilateral cooperation,and regional as well as global affairs.
2.The three Ministers expressed their expectation that trilateral cooperation mechanism may head towards restoration on the occasion of this Meeting,held after almost three years since April 2012.The three Ministers also shared the view that trilateral cooperation mechanism should continue to remain and develop as an important framework of cooperation for peace,stability and prosperity in Northeast Asia.
In this regard,Ministers of Japan and the People's Republic of China highly appreciated the active role of the Republic of Korea as the chair country in leading the trilateral cooperation for the past years,including the hosting of this Foreign Ministers’Meeting.
3.The three Ministers acknowledged that there has been steady progress in trilateral cooperation in various areas,despite fluid situations in the Northeast Asian region in recent years.
The three Ministers welcomed that various trilateral ministerial meetings in areas including environment,culture,public health,finance,transportation and distribution,audit,disaster management,earthquake cooperation,and patent were successfully convened during the last two years.The three Ministers decided to encourage a more active promotion of over 50 intergovernmental consultative mechanisms,including about 20 ministerial-level mechanisms,as well as numerous cooperation projects among the three countries.
Furthermore,the three Ministers shared the view that the three countries have actively pursued the institutionalization of trilateral trade,investment,and economic relations.While welcoming the improvement of investment environment with the Trilateral Investment Agreement which came into effect in May 2014,the three Ministers decided to make continued efforts towards the acceleration of trilateral FTA negotiations.
The three Ministers appreciated the efforts made by the Trilateral Cooperation Secretariat(TCS),since its establishment in September 2011,to promote trilateral cooperation,and welcomed the release of the“Matrix of Major Events for Trilateral Cooperation in 2015”during this Meeting by the TCS.
4.The three Ministers emphasized that respective bilateral ties among the three countries constitute an important foundation for trilateral cooperation,and that the deepening of trilateral cooperation,in turn,contributes to each bilateral relations and to the peace,stability,and prosperity of the Northeast Asian region.In the spirit of facing history squarely and advancing towards the future,the three Ministers agreed that three countries should address related issues properly and to work together to improve bilateral relations and to strengthen trilateral cooperation.
The three Ministers appreciated the various endeavors made to promote regional cooperation,and decided to make joint efforts to achieve the common goal of building regional trust and cooperation.In this regard,the Ministers of Japan and the People's Republic of China highly appreciated and welcomed the Republic of Korea's“Northeast Asia Peace and Cooperation Initiative”.In addition,the three Ministers decided to further strengthen trilateral nuclear safety cooperation in Northeast Asia,and to expand cooperation in areas including nuclear security,disaster management,environment,and youth exchange.
Furthermore,the three Ministers decided to resume the“Trilateral Counter-Terrorism Consultation”and the“Trilateral Policy Dialogue on Africa”,and to continue the“Trilateral Cyber Policy Consultation”,“Tripartite Policy Dialogue on Air Pollution”under the framework of Trilateral Environmental Ministers'Meeting,“East Asian Cultural Cities”,“CAMPUS Asia”,“People-to-People Exchange Forum”,and media exchange projects.The three Ministers also decided to newly promote the“Trilateral Youth Summit”,cooperation among diplomatic training institutions,network among think-tanks,and the“Trilateral Policy Consultation on Middle East Affairs”.Moreover,the three Ministers expressed their intention to explore cooperation in areas,such as capital cities and aging society projects.
5.The three Ministers exchanged views on various regional and global issues.
The three Ministers reaffirmed their firm opposition to the development of nuclear weapons on the Koran Peninsula,and shared the view that international obligations and commitments under all relevant United Nations Security Council resolutions and the 19 September 2005 Joint Statement must be faithfully implemented.In addition,the three Ministers decided to continue their joint efforts to resume meaningful Six-Party Talks to make substantial progress in denuclearization of the Korean Peninsula.
The three Ministers shared the view that trilateral cooperation is an important component of East Asia cooperation,and decided to make joint efforts to contribute to building trust in East Asia though regional dialogues and cooperation.In this vein,the three Ministers welcomed the upcoming launch of the ASEAN Community and decided to build on this momentum by strengthening trilateral cooperation within the existing regional frameworks,such as ASEAN,ASEAN+3(APT),East Asia Summit(EAS),ASEAN Regional Forum(ARF),and Asia-Pacific Economic Cooperation(APEC).
The three Ministers exchanged views on global issues including response to terrorism and extremism,the situation in Ukraine,Middle East affairs,and the international economy,and decided to continue close coordination on various challenges the international society faces.
6.Based on the accomplishments achieved through this Meeting,the three Ministers decided to continue their efforts to hold the Trilateral Summit at the earliest convenient time for the three countries.
B.汉译英
全国人民代表大会常务委员会工作报告
——2015年3月8日在第十二届全国人民代表大会第三次会议上全国人民代表大会常务委员会委员长 张德江
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过去一年的主要工作
过去一年,在以习近平同志为总书记的党中央坚强领导下,全国人大常委会全面贯彻党的十八大和十八届三中、四中全会精神,以邓小平理论、“三个代表”重要思想、科学发展观为指导,深入学习贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,紧紧围绕党和国家工作大局依法行使职权,充分发挥最高国家权力机关作用,认真完成十二届全国人大二次会议确定的各项任务,各方面工作都取得新进展、新成效。
一、坚持党的领导,坚定人民代表大会制度自信
中国共产党的领导是中国特色社会主义最本质的特征。坚持和完善人民代表大会制度,必须毫不动摇坚持中国共产党领导,坚定制度自信,在坚持中完善,在实践中发展,推动人民代表大会制度与时俱进。
(一)始终把坚持党的领导贯彻于人大工作各方面、全过程。坚持党的领导,首先是要坚持党中央的集中统一领导。我们在人大工作中坚决贯彻党的路线方针政策和决策部署,自觉在思想上政治上行动上同以习近平同志为总书记的党中央保持高度一致,坚决维护党中央权威。一年来,我们坚持以党的基本理论武装头脑、指导实践、推动工作,深入学习贯彻习近平总书记系列重要讲话精神,切实加强常委会思想政治建设,始终把思想和行动统一到中央精神上来,牢牢把握正确政治方向。我们紧紧围绕党中央的战略部署,统筹安排人大立法、监督、决定、代表等各项工作和重要活动,确保中央重大决策部署和重要举措的贯彻落实。我们健全请示报告制度,对人大工作中的重大问题、重要事项,由常委会党组及时向党中央请示报告,依法按程序做好相关工作。坚持党对人大工作的领导,就是要保证党通过国家政权机关实施对国家和社会的领导。
(二)庆祝全国人民代表大会成立60周年,增强坚持和完善人民代表大会制度的责任感和使命感。2014年9月5日,中共中央、全国人大常委会隆重举行庆祝全国人民代表大会成立60周年大会,习近平总书记发表重要讲话。讲话全面回顾中国近代以来政治制度的历史变革,深刻揭示了中国实行人民代表大会制度的历史必然性;指出人民代表大会制度是坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一的根本制度安排,是支撑中国国家治理体系和治理能力的根本政治制度;明确提出必须毫不动摇坚持、与时俱进完善人民代表大会制度,坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路,继续推进社会主义民主政治建设、发展社会主义政治文明。
我们召开庆祝全国人民代表大会成立60周年理论研讨会,以习近平总书记重要讲话精神为指导,系统总结我国实行人民代表大会制度60年来的重要经验,就是坚持党的领导,切实保证党领导人民有效治理国家;坚持人民主体地位,支持和保证人民通过人民代表大会行使国家权力;坚持实现民族振兴的历史使命,集中力量进行社会主义现代化建设;坚持依法治国,建设社会主义法治国家;坚持从国情和实际出发,推动人民代表大会制度完善发展;坚持民主集中制,充分发挥人民代表大会制度的特点和优势。这些重要经验,必须长期坚持,不断完善。
全国人大和地方各级人大通过开展多种形式的庆祝和纪念活动,深入学习、广泛宣传、全面贯彻习近平总书记重要讲话精神,大家倍受鼓舞、激励和鞭策,进一步增强了坚定不移走中国特色社会主义政治发展道路的自觉性和坚定性。
(三)开展第一个国家宪法日活动,大力弘扬宪法精神。宪法是国家的根本法,是治国安邦的总章程。习近平总书记在第一个国家宪法日来临之际作出重要指示,强调我国宪法是符合国情、符合实际、符合时代发展要求的好宪法,是我们国家和人民经受住各种困难和风险考验、始终沿着中国特色社会主义道路前进的根本法制保证;要坚持党的领导、人民当家作主、依法治国有机统一,坚定不移走中国特色社会主义法治道路,坚决维护宪法法律权威。
我们召开“深入开展宪法宣传教育大力弘扬宪法精神”座谈会,认真学习贯彻习近平总书记重要指示精神,强调要紧密结合中国近现代历史特别是中国共产党领导人民长期奋斗的光辉历程,紧密结合我国改革开放和社会主义现代化建设取得的辉煌成就,紧密结合我国全面推进依法治国的实践成果,紧密结合实现中华民族伟大复兴的中国梦,深入开展宪法宣传教育,使宪法精神深入人心,以宪法精神凝心聚力,推动宪法全面贯彻实施。
二、抓住提高立法质量这个关键,充分发挥立法的引领和推动作用
立法是全国人大及其常委会的重要职权和主要任务。常委会把提高立法质量放在首位,突出立法重点,加快立法步伐,完善立法机制,提升立法效果。一年来,共审议20件法律草案,修改法律10件,制定法律2件,作出8个法律解释。
(一)在一批重要立法项目上取得新进展。环境保护法是环境领域的基础性、综合性法律。常委会在深入调研、充分听取意见的基础上,经过4次审议,对环境保护法作出全面修订。这是该法律正式施行25年来的首次修订。这次修订,针对环境保护领域的共性问题和突出问题,进一步明确政府监管职责,完善生态保护红线、污染物总量控制、跨行政区域联合防治等制度,强化企业防治污染责任,建立环境信息公开、公众参与和公益诉讼制度,加大对环境违法行为追责和处罚的力度。法律还明确规定,县级以上人民政府应当每年向本级人大或者其常委会报告环境状况和环境保护目标完成情况。
行政诉讼是“民告官”的诉讼,涉及政府权力的行使和公民权利的保护。常委会适应新形势新要求,对行政诉讼法作出重要修改,这是该法律公布施行24年来的首次修改。这次修改,注重保护公民、法人和其他组织合法权益,促进依法行政和公正司法,重点解决行政诉讼立案难、审理难、执行难等突出问题,从扩大受案范围、畅通诉讼渠道、调整案件管辖、规范诉讼程序等方面完善行政诉讼制度,以利于更好地解决行政争议和纠纷。
立法法是关于国家立法制度和立法工作的一部重要法律。为适应完善立法体制、深入推进科学立法民主立法的要求,常委会及时启动立法法修改工作,从充分发挥人大在立法工作中的主导作用、完善授权立法、赋予设区的市地方立法权等方面作了修改完善。常委会对立法法修正案草案进行两次审议后,已提请本次代表大会会议审议。
常委会还制定了航道法,修改了军事设施保护法,审议了食品安全法、广告法、大气污染防治法修订草案和刑法修正案(九)草案、促进科技成果转化法修正案草案等。
(二)通过立法推动和落实重大改革举措。修改预算法,对于深化财税体制改革,实施全面规范、公开透明的预算制度,具有重要意义。常委会前后经过4次审议,对预算法作出重要修改。重点从实行政府全口径预算管理、完善财政转移支付制度、健全地方政府债务管理机制、推进预算公开和绩效管理、加强人大预算决算审查监督等方面,对预算法进行了全面完善。国务院按照新修改的预算法,作出关于深化预算管理制度改革的决定,出台加强地方政府性债务管理等举措,强调坚持依法理财、主动接受监督。
适应推动政府简政放权的需要,常委会对保险法、证券法、注册会计师法、政府采购法、气象法等5部法律的部分规定作出修改,取消和下放法律规定的有关行政审批事项,为推进行政审批制度改革提供法律依据和支持。
为贯彻落实总体国家安全观,加快国家安全法治建设,常委会及时调整立法工作计划,加大工作力度。一是将原来的国家安全法改为反间谍法,加强反间谍工作;二是审议新的国家安全法草案,以此统领国家安全领域法律制度;三是审议反恐怖主义法、境外非政府组织管理法等法律草案,推进重点领域国家安全工作法治化。
(三)深入推进科学立法、民主立法。一是注重发挥人大在立法工作中的主导作用。环境保护法、立法法、行政诉讼法等重要法律的修改,都是由全国人大有关委员会牵头起草的;对“一府两院”负责起草的法律案,有关委员会提前介入,共同研究起草中的重大问题,推动如期提请审议。二是坚持立改废释并举。统筹考虑立新废旧、法律间协调完善和衔接等问题。加强法律解释工作,审议通过关于刑法、刑事诉讼法有关规定的7个法律解释,就民法通则、婚姻法有关公民姓名权的规定作出解释。三是完善立法工作方式。完善法律草案出台前评估工作,加强立法项目论证,健全常委会立法工作机构联系人大代表机制,邀请代表参加立法调研、审议等工作。认真研究和吸收公众意见建议,并及时作出情况说明和反馈。
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