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英文期刊论文精选:专家推荐

时间:2023-05-31 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:本文通过将制造业划分为进出口子行业,以此提供了一种新的福利定量测量方法。本文也评估中国加入世贸组织、扩大开放是如何的影响进口和出口领域的。本文惊讶地发现,进口部门的收益大于出口部门的收益。此外,这种增益的大小和动态模式在不同的行业表现也是不同的。总体而言,有较大中间品投入份额的进口竞争行业部门与对国内需求贸易成本不太敏感的部门具有更高的贸易自由化收益。

英文期刊论文精选:专家推荐

1 Title: China’s Gains from WTO Accession: Imports VS Exports

Author: Lai,Ting-Wei; Riezman,Raymond; Wang,Ping

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2016,v. 24,iss.4

Abstract: We examine the gains from Chinese accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO). We provide a new quantitative welfare measure by dividing the manufacturing sector into import and export sub-sectors. We then evaluate how the increased openness caused by China’s accession to the WTO effects the importing and exporting sectors. We find surprisingly that the gains to the import sector are larger than the gains to the export sector. Moreover,the size and the dynamic pattern of such gains are different across sectors. Overall,sectors with larger intermediate input shares from import-competing industries and with domestic demands less sensitive to changes in trade costs have higher welfare gains from trade liberalization.

题目:中国加入世贸组织带来的好处:进口与出口

作者:赖廷伟,雷蒙德·黎曼王平

期刊:《国际经济评论》

日期:2016年;第24卷,第4期

摘要:本文考察了中国加入世界贸易组织(WTO)后所取得的成果。本文通过将制造业划分为进出口子行业,以此提供了一种新的福利定量测量方法。本文也评估中国加入世贸组织、扩大开放是如何的影响进口和出口领域的。本文惊讶地发现,进口部门的收益大于出口部门的收益。此外,这种增益的大小和动态模式在不同的行业表现也是不同的。总体而言,有较大中间品投入份额的进口竞争行业部门与对国内需求贸易成本不太敏感的部门具有更高的贸易自由化收益。

2 Title: Trade and Growth with Heterogeneous Firms Revisited

Author: Ourens,Guzman

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2016,v.100

Abstract: In a recent paper,Baldwin and Robert-Nicoud (2008) explore the growth and welfare effects of trade liberalization in a model with firm heterogeneity that allows for endogenous growth and a diversity of innovation mechanisms.Their main welfare conclusion is that freer trade has an unambiguously positive static effect while the sign of the dynamic effect,stemming from the change in the growth rate of varieties,depends on the type of technology imposed for innovations. This paper revisits these conclusions. By carefully following algebraic expressions in the original work,we point at inaccuracies and explore their consequences. Our main finding is that the sign of the static effect is not always positive. Consumers may experience an immediate loss from openness if the value of the firms they own decreases due to greater import competition. Moreover,the sign of the static effect on expenditure is always the opposite to that of the dynamic effect stemming from variety growth,so the results presented here highlight the existing tension between static and dynamic effects. Our results speak to the most recent literature on welfare effects in trade models.

题目:异质企业的贸易与增长

作者:古兹曼·奥伦斯

期刊:《国际经济评论》

日期:2016年;第100卷

摘要:在最近的一篇论文中,Baldwin和Robert-Nicoud(2008)探讨了贸易自由化的增长和福利效应,在一个具有企业异质性的模型中,允许内生增长和多样性的创新机制。他们的主要福利结论是,自由贸易具有明确的积极的静态效应,而动态效应来自不同部门的增长率的变化且取决于创新所采用的不同技术类型。本文对这些结论进行了重新审视。本文通过对原始工作进行仔细的代数表达推演,我们指出原来模型中不准确的部分,并探讨其后果。我们的主要发现是静态效应的符号并不总是正的。如果进口企业的价值因进口竞争的加剧而降低,消费者可能会立即遭受损失。此外,支出的静态效应的符号总是与来自各种增长的动态效应的符号相反,因此这里给出的结果突出了静态和动态效应之间存在的张力。我们的研究结果是关于贸易模型中福利效应的最新文献

3 Title: Optimal Trade Policy with Monopolistic Competition and Heterogeneous Firms

Author: Haaland,Jan I.; Venables,Anthony J.

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2016,v.102

Abstract: This paper derives optimal trade and domestic taxes for a small open economy containing a monopolistically competitive (MC) sector in which firms may have heterogeneous productivity levels. Analysis encompasses cases in which the domestic MC sector is able to expand or contract flexibly,or is constrained to be of fixed size. In the former case domestic protection can bring gains by increasing the number of product varieties on offer; these gains (and the corresponding rates of domestic subsidy or of import tariffs) are reduced by heterogeneity of foreign exporters some of whom may withdraw from the market. In the latter case gains from protection arise from terms-of-trade effects; since various margins of substitution are switched off,only the relative values of domestic taxes,import tariffs and export taxes matter. In general,policies work through both a terms-of-trade and a variety effect,and the paper shows how the relative importance of each depends on the structure of the economy.

题目:垄断竞争与异质企业的最优贸易政策

作者:简·哈兰,安东尼·维纳布尔斯

期刊:《国际经济评论》

日期:2016年;第102卷

摘要:本文导出了一个包含垄断竞争部门与拥有不同生产率企业的小型开放经济的最优贸易和国内税收模型。分析包括国内垄断竞争部门能够灵活地扩展或签订合同,或限制合同为固定大小。在前一种情况下,国内保护可以通过增加提供的产品品种的数量带来收益;这些收益(以及相应的国内补贴或进口关税率)由于外国出口商的异质性而降低,其中一些出口国可能退出市场。在后一种情况下,由贸易条款引起的保护带来的收益;由于各种各样的替代边际被切断,只有国内税收、进口关税和出口税的相对价值才是重要的。总的来说,政策通过贸易条件和多样性效应来运作,本文展示了每一个经济体的相对重要性如何取决于经济结构。

4 Title: Domestic Value Added in Exports: Theory and Firm Evidence from China

Author: Kee,Hiau Looi; Tang,Heiwai

Periodical: American Economic Review

Date: 2016,v.106,iss.6

Abstract: China has defied the declining trend in domestic content in exports in many countries. This paper studies China’s rising domestic content in exports using firm-and customs transaction-level data. The approach embraces firm heterogeneity and hence reduces aggregation bias. The study finds that the substitution of domestic for imported materials by individual processing exporters caused China’s domestic content in exports to increase from 65 to 70 percent in the period 2000-2007. Such substitution was induced by the country’s trade and investment liberalization,which deepened its engagement in global value chains and led to a greater variety of domestic materials becoming available at lower prices.

题目:国内增加值出口:来自中国的理论和实践证据

作者:奇豪路,唐黑崴

期刊:《美国经济评论》

日期:2016年;第106卷,第6期

摘要:中国已经顶住了出现在许多国家在出口方面的下降趋势。本文利用中国企业海关数据研究了中国国内部分的出口。该方法考虑了企业异质性,也因此减少了聚集偏见。研究发现,在2000—2007年期间,个体加工出口商利用国内生产材料替代进口材料使中国出口的国内部分从65%增加到70%。这种替代是由该国的贸易和投资自由化引起的,这加深了它在全球价值链中的参与,并可以以更低的价格获得更多种类的国内材料。

5 Title: Measuring the Unequal Gains from Trade

Author: Fajgelbaum,Pablo D.; Khandelwal,Amit K.

Periodical: The Quarterly Journal of Economics

Date: 2016,v.131,iss.3

Abstract: Individuals that consume different baskets of goods are differentially affected by relative price changes caused by international trade. We develop a methodology to measure the unequal gains from trade across consumers within countries. The approach requires data on aggregate expenditures and parameters estimated from a nonhomothetic gravity equation. We find that trade typically favors the poor,who concentrate spending in more traded sectors.

题目:衡量贸易中的不平等收益

作者:巴勃罗·费根鲍姆,阿米特·德瓦尔

期刊:《经济学季刊》

日期:2016年;第131卷,第3期

摘要:消费不同篮子商品的人受到国际贸易引起的相对价格变动的不同影响。我们开发了一种方法来衡量来自各国消费者的贸易不平等收益。该方法需要从非同心引力方程估计的总开支和参数的数据。我们发现,由于穷人把支出集中在更多的贸易部门,所以贸易通常倾向于穷人。

6 Title: Distorted Trade Barriers: A Dissection of Trade Costs in a “Distorted Gravity” Model

Author: Besedes,Tibor; Cole,Matthew T.

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2017,v. 25,iss.1

Abstract: It is common in the trade literature to use iceberg transport costs to represent both tariffs and shipping costs alike. However,in models with monopolistic competition these are not identical trade restrictions. This difference is driven by how the two costs affect the extensive margin. We illustrate these differences in a gravity model. We show theoretically that trade flows are more elastic with respect to tariffs than transport costs and find a linear relationship between the elasticities with respect to tariffs,iceberg transport costs,and fixed market costs. We empirically validate these results using data on US product-level imports.

题目:扭曲的贸易壁垒:“扭曲引力”模型下的贸易成本剖析

作者:蒂伯·贝塞兹,马修·科尔

期刊:《国际经济评论》

日期:2017年;第25卷,第1期

摘要:在贸易文献中,经常使用冰山运输成本来代表关税和运输成本。然而,在垄断竞争模式下,这些贸易限制是不一样的。这种差异是由两种成本对于利润率的驱动方式不同而引起的。我们在重力模型中说明了这些差异。本文从理论上表明,相对于关税而言,贸易流量相对于关税更具弹性,并发现关税与弹性、显性运输成本和固定市场成本之间的线性关系。我们使用美国产品级别的进口数据来验证这些结果。

7 Title: Trade Costs and Borders in Global Value Chains

Author: Muradov,Kirill

Periodical: Review of World Economics

Date: 2017,v.153,iss.3

Abstract: The effects of trade cost magnification due to multiple border crossings along global value chains are known from the scholarly literature and the reports of international organizations. However,evidence supporting or challenging this view has been limited. This article proposes two new measures of cumulative resistance to exports in global value chains and a measure of the average number of border crossings that build on the inter-country input-output framework.Data from the World Input-Output Databases are supplemented with estimates derived from the UN Comtrade and UN TRAINS,allowing for an experimental computation of the accumulated import tariffs faced by exporters in 2001,2005 and 2010. The average number of border crossings exhibits a slow upward trend,but the accumulated tariffs decline quickly. Trade liberalization therefore neutralizes the risk of higher cumulative protection associated with the international fragmentation of production. The benefits of liberalization or facilitation of trade within free trade agreements accrue to non-members,and this effect can now be estimated.

题目:全球价值链中的贸易成本与边界

作者:基里尔·穆拉多夫

期刊:《世界经济评论》

日期:2017年;第153卷,第3期

摘要:在已有的学术文献和国际组织的报告中得知,在全球价值链中的多次跨边境出口而导致了贸易成本放大效应。然而,支持或挑战这一观点的证据是有限的。本文提出了两个新的度量全球价值链中出口累计阻力的方法和一个建立在跨国界投入产出框架上的边境口岸平均数量的度量。本文利用了来自世界输入输出数据库的数据补充了来自联合国商品贸易数据库和联合国贸易分析与信息系统数据库的估计,使作者可以对2001年、 2005年和2010年出口国所面临的累积进口关税进行实验性计算。研究发现,边境口岸的平均数量呈缓慢上升趋势,但累积关税迅速下降。因此,贸易自由化抵消了由于国际生产的碎片化带来的更高的累积保护的风险。自由贸易协定中自由化或便利贸易的好处是非成员国所能获得的,这种影响现状也可以估计。

8 Title: Asymmetric Information and Intermediation Chains

Author: Glode,Vincent; Opp,Christian

Periodical: American Economic Review

Date: 2016,v.106,iss.9

Abstract: We propose a parsimonious model of bilateral trade under asymmetric information to shed light on the prevalence of intermediation chains that stand between buyers and sellers in many decentralized markets. Our model features a classic problem in economics where an agent uses his market power to inefficiently screen a privately informed counterparty. Paradoxically,involving moderately informed intermediaries also endowed with market power can improve trade efficiency. Long intermediation chains in which each trader’s information set is similar to those of his direct counterparties limit traders’ incentives to post prices that reduce trade volume and jeopardize gains to trade.

题目:信息不对称与中间品贸易链

作者:文森特·格洛德,克里斯蒂安·奥普

期刊:《美国经济评论》

日期:2016年;第106卷,第9期

摘要:本文提出了一个简化的双边贸易模型,在信息不对称的前提下,揭示了阻隔在多个分散市场中买方与卖方之间的中间品贸易链。我们的模型是经济学中的一个经典问题,在这个模型中,参与人利用自己的市场支配力低效的筛选具有私有信息的交易对方。自相矛盾的是,涉及适当获知的中间品交易者也具有市场支配力,可以提高贸易效率。过长的中间品贸易链,使其中的每一个交易者所获得的信息都与其相交易的对手相似,因此限制了交易者们公布交易价格的激励,这使得交易量减小,也危及了在交易中的收益。

9 Title: A Theory of Trade Policy Under Dictatorship and Democratization

Author: Zissimos,Benjamin

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2017,v.109

Abstract: This paper develops a new model of trade policy under dictatorship and democratization. The paper makes two contributions. One is to provide a deeper understanding of the relationship between political institutions and economic efficiency by studying the endogenous interaction between the form of government and trade policy. The paper’s second contribution is to show how a dictatorship can manipulate trade policy to maintain its grip on power in the face of permanent world price shocks,thus opening the door to a re-examination of trade policy responses to technology shocks. The model is used to explain an interesting episode of trade policymaking between 1815 and 1846,during which time Britain substantially liberalized trade while Prussia,on the other side of the grain market,significantly increased protectionism.

题目:独裁与民主化下的贸易政策理论

作者:齐西莫斯·本杰明

期刊:《国际经济评论》

日期:2017年;第109卷

摘要:本文提出了独裁与民主化背景下的贸易政策新模式。本文做了两个贡献。一是通过研究政府形态与贸易政策的内生互动,为政治制度与经济效率的关系提供更深层次的理解。二是展示独裁政府如何操纵贸易政策,以保持其在面对永久性世界价格冲击时对权力的掌控,从而重新审视贸易政策对技术冲击的反应。该模型用于解释1815年至1846年间这一段时间的贸易政策制定,在此期间,英国实质上放开了粮食市场贸易,而交易的另一端,普鲁士则明显增加了保护主义。

10 Title: Policy Uncertainty, Trade,and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Author: Handley,Kyle; Limao,Nuno

Periodical: American Economic Review

Date: 2017,v.107,iss.9

Abstract: We examine the impact of policy uncertainty on trade,prices,and real income through firm entry investments in general equilibrium. We estimate and quantify the impact of trade policy on China’s export boom to the United States following its 2001 WTO accession. We find the accession reduced the US threat of a trade war,which can account for over one-third of that export growth in the period 2000-2005. Reduced policy uncertainty lowered US prices and increased its consumers’ income by the equivalent of a 13-percentage-point permanent tariff decrease. These findings provide evidence of large effects of policy uncertainty on economic activity and the importance of agreements for reducing it.

题目:政策的不确定性、贸易与福利:来自中国和美国的理论和经验证据

作者:凯尔·汉德利,努诺·利奥

期刊:《美国经济评论》

日期:2017年;第107卷,第9期

摘要:本文通过企业进入一般均衡投资研究政策不确定性对贸易、价格和实际收入的影响。我们估计和量化了在中国2001年加入世界贸易组织之后中国出口快速增长对美国贸易政策的影响。本文发现,中国加入世界贸易组织后减少了美国贸易战的威胁,这可以解释在2000年至2005年期间出口增长的三分之一以上。减少的政策不确定性降低了美国的价格,且增加的消费者的收入相当于13个百分点的永久关税下降。这些发现证明了政策不确定性对经济活动的巨大影响,也为设定减少政策不确定性的相关协议提供了重要证据。

11 Title: Services Trade Policy and Manufacturing Productivity: The Role of Institutions

Author: Cosimo Beverelli,Matteo Fiorinib,Bernard Hoekman

Periodical: Journal of International Economics

Date: 2017,v.104

Abstract: We study the effect of services trade restrictions on manufacturing productivity for a broad cross-section of countries at different stages of economic development. Decreasing services trade restrictiveness has a positive impact on the manufacturing sectors that use services as intermediate inputs in production.We identify a critical role of institutions in importing countries in shaping this effect.Countries with high institutional quality benefit the most from lower services trade restrictions in terms of increased productivity in downstream industries. We show that the conditioning effect of institutions operates through services trade that involves foreign establishment (investment),as opposed to cross-border arms-length trade in services.

题目:服务贸易政策和制造业生产能力:机构的作用

作者: 贝弗利·科西莫,菲奥里尼·马特奥 ,霍克曼·伯纳德

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第104卷

摘要: 我们研究了服务贸易限制对不同经济体发展阶段制造业生产力的影响。服务贸易限制的减少对于利用服务作为中间产品的制造业具有显著正向影响。我们认为塑造这一效应产生的原因是进口国机构具有至关重要的作用。机构占比比较大的国家下游产业的生产效率能够从较低的服务贸易限制中获得最大的利益。我们发现机构的调节作用是通过包括绿地投资等方式的服务贸易运作的,而不是单独的跨境服务贸易实现的。

12 Title: Crisis-proof Services: Why Trade in Services Did not Suffer During the 2008-2009 Collapse

Author: Andrea Ariu

Periodical: Journal of International Economics

Date: 2016,v.98

Abstract: During the 2008-2009 crisis,trade in goods fell by almost 30%. In contrast,trade in business,telecommunication and financial services continued growing at their pre-crisis rates and only services related to transport declined.Using trade data at the firm-product-destination level for Belgium,I show that during the crisis the elasticity of services exports with respect to GDP growth in destination countries was significantly different from that of goods exports. In particular,the negative income shock in partner countries affected exports of goods but not exports of services. This difference is economically sizable: if goods exports had had the same elasticity to GDP growth as services exports,their fall during the 2008-2009 collapse would have been only half what was observed.

题目:服务贸易抵抗危机的能力:为什么服务贸易在2008—2009年经济危机中没有遭受打击

作者:阿利乌·安德列

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第98卷

摘要:在2008—2009年经济危机期间,货物贸易下降了大约30%。相反,商业服务、电信金融服务贸易保持危机前的增长率,服务业中只有交通运输业有所下降。利用比利时最终产品贸易数据,我发现,危机期间服务出口对目的地国家GDP增长的弹性与商品出口的弹性显著不同。特别是,伙伴国家的出口对于商品出口有显著负面影响,而对于服务出口没有影响。这种差异是相当大的:如果商品出口对GDP增长的弹性与服务业出口相同,那么在2008—2009年的经济崩溃期间,商品出口的下降幅度只会是所观察到的一半。

13 Title: Dynamics of Service Trade in Association of Southeast Asian Nations: Process Towards Integration

Author: Arkan Fadhil,Fithra Faisal Hastiadi

Periodical: International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues

Date: 2017,v.7,iss.4

Abstract: Over the past few decades,Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN’s) economic structure has continued to change. Overall,ASEAN’s economic structure has shifted towards the service sector in line with the growing importance of this sector in the economy. This structural shift is very rapid along with the growing importance of the role of the service sector in supporting the agricultural sector and the manufacturing sector. Therefore,it is important to conduct further researches in the dynamics of service trade in ASEAN in achieving integration. This study focuses on the openness of ASEAN countries to trade.Openness as a basic component in the integration process is analyzed through a set of trade policies made as well as the complexity and depth of commitment in service trade agreements. The database used covers all ASEAN countries during the 2005-2014 timeframe. This study employs a descriptive analysis as the main approach,supported by fixed effect model to see the factors which contribute to the openness of ASEAN countries. The results of this study indicate that the openness of service trade in ASEAN is influenced by a set of limiting and facilitating policies.In addition,the complexity and depth of commitment play a role in influencing the openness of service trade. In the interim,variables of trade volume,population,real effective exchange rate,service trade facilities,and human capital contribute significantly to the openness of service trade in ASEAN. It can therefore be construed that the openness of service trade is determined by the policy instruments and commitments in the service trade agreements made.

题目:东盟服务贸易的动态:走向一体化的过程

作者:阿尔坎·法迪尔,菲斯拉·费瑟尔·哈斯提迪

期刊:《国际经济与金融》

日期:2017年;第7卷,第4期

摘要:在过去的几十年里,东盟的经济结构一直在持续变化中。 总的来说,东盟经济结构逐渐转向在经济领域中日益重要的服务业。伴随着服务业在支持农业和制造业方面越来越重要,这种经济结构转型十分迅速。因此,进一步研究东盟动态服务一体化成为重点。本文重点研究东盟国家贸易对外开放。通过一系列的贸易政策的制定和承诺在服务贸易协定中的复杂度和深度分析得出,开始是联盟进程最基本的要素。本文使用2005—2014年涵盖所有东盟国家数据的数据库,采用描述性分析法为主要方法,用固定效应模型来探究影响东盟国家开放因素。研究结果表明,东盟服务贸易的开放程度受到一系列限制和促进的贸易政策影响。此外,承诺的复杂度和深度也是影响服务贸易开放的因素。在此期间、贸易额、人口、实际有效汇率、服务贸易设施和人力资本贡献显著影响东盟服务贸易的开放。因此,可以看出,服务贸易的开放程度是由服务贸易协定的贸易政策工具和承诺所决定的。

14 Title: Trade Shocks and the Provision of Local Public Goods

Author: Feler Leo,Senses Mine Z.

Periodical: American Economic Journal. Economic Policy

Date: 2017,v.9,iss.4

Abstract: We analyze the impact of trade-induced income shocks on the size of local government and the provision of public services. Areas in the United States with declining labor demand and incomes due to increasing import competition from China experience relative declines in housing prices and business activity.Since local governments are disproportionately funded through property and sales taxation,declining property values and a decrease in economic activity translate into less revenue,which constrains the ability of local governments to provide public services. State and federal governments have limited ability to smooth local shocks,and the impact on the provision of public services is compounded when local income shocks are highly correlated with shocks in the rest of the state. The outcome is a relative decline not only in incomes but also in the quality of public services and amenities in trade exposed localities.

题目:贸易冲击和地方公共产品的供给

作者:费勒·雷奥,马恩·Z·森西斯

期刊:《美国经济:经济政策》

日期:2017年;第9卷,第4期

摘要: 我们分析当地政府规模和公共服务的供给冲击是减少贸易收入的主要因素。很多美国地区劳动力需求和收入下降是因为来自中国的相关服务,由于房价下降和商业活动活跃使得进口竞争力增加。地方政府财产和销售税比例的失调,房地产价值降低和经济活动的下降使得税收下降等因素,限制了地方政府提供公共服务的能力。州政府和联邦政府对抗局部冲击的能力有限,当当地收入受到密切联系的其他州的冲击时对于提供公共服务的影响是综合的。结果表明,不仅仅收入下降,而且在贸易中提供的公共服务和公共设施的质量也在下降。

15 Title: Services Productivity,Trade Policy and Manufacturing Exports

Author: Hoekman Bernard,Shepherd Ben.

Periodical: The World Economy

Date: 2017,v.40,iss.3

Abstract: This paper analyses the linkage between services and manufacturing productivity performance,using firm-level data for over 100 developing countries.We find strong evidence for such a linkage,although the effect is small: at the average rate of services input intensity,a 10 per cent improvement in services productivity is associated with an increase in manufacturing productivity of 0.3 per cent. Services trade restrictiveness indices are found to be a statistically significant determinant of manufactured exports performance,a finding that is robust to the inclusion of the overall level of trade restrictiveness that is applied against manufactured exports directly. The main channel through which services trade restrictions negatively affect manufactured exports is through FDI,a finding that is consistent with the stylised fact in the literature that FDI is a key channel for trade in services and an important vehicle through which services technology and knowhow is transferred across countries. At the sectoral level,restrictions on transport and retail distribution services have the largest negative impact on exports of manufactures.

题目:服务生产力,贸易政策和制造业出口

作者: 霍克曼·伯纳德,本·谢波德

期刊:《世界经济》

日期:2017年;第40卷,第3期

摘要:本文利用100多个发展中国家公司的数据分析服务和制造业生产率之间的联系。 我们发现这种关系的强有力证据,虽然影响比较小:在平均的服务输入强度下,服务的生产率每提高10%,相关联的制造业生产率提升0.3个百分点。服务贸易限制指数被认为是衡量制造业出口表现的重要指标,有研究表明贸易限制对于制造业出口具有显著负向作用。服务贸易限制主要通过FDI对制造业出口造成负面影响,大量的文献中一致认为FDI是服务贸易的重要渠道和服务技术与知识在各国中转移的重要工具。在行业层面,对制造业出口产生最大负面影响的因素是限制了交通运输业和零售批发业。

16 Title: The Evolution of the EU External Trade Policy in Services - CETA,TTIP,and TiSA after Brexit

Author: Delimatsis Panagiotis

Periodical: Journal of International Economic Law

Date: 2017,v. 20,iss.3

Abstract: The conclusion of the Transatlantic Trade and Investment Partnership (TTIP) constitutes a priority and key component of the external trade policy of the European Union (EU). It is also an immediate follow-up to several years of regulatory cooperation between the two global trade powers. In an era of megaregionals,services is the only area where significant negotiating traction exists at the bilateral and multilateral level. However,recent events such as the imminent Brexit and the withdrawal of the USA from the Transpacific Partnership(TPP) cast doubt on the future of trade deals. Even so,services remain a key sector of export interest for the EU and thus completing agreements such as the TTIP or the Trade in Services Agreement (TiSA) is of crucial importance,allowing the EU to create new opportunities for service suppliers but also to reshape the regulatory philosophy governing the future regulation of global trade in services.With respect to TTIP,the EU Commission,backed by the EU executive,has advanced an ambitious agenda and submitted a conditional offer to the US,hoping for further liberalization on the two sides of the Atlantic. Against this backdrop,this article offers a critical account of the EU external trade policy,focusing on the EU’s recent external action with respect to services liberalization. The article advances three theses: first,that such ambitious agreements mark a new era of offensive services strategy which,however,is contained by internal conflicts and disagreements regarding certain still sensitive silos such as audiovisual or public services and Brexit shall exacerbate such internal conflicts in the medium run;second,that megaregionals can be used to accelerate domestic regulatory reform and openness in the service sector; and third,that TiSA will constitute a litmus test for the EU’s commitment to the World Trade Organization (WTO) cause. When appropriate,the article draws parallels with existing EU legislation and case law;other EU Free Trade Agreements such as the recently concluded Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA) with Canada; the General Agreement on Trade in Services (GATS); and TiSA.

题目:英国脱欧后,欧盟对外服务贸易的演化——CETA,TTIP和TiSA

作者: 戴利莫斯·帕纳约蒂斯

期刊:《国际经济法》

日期:2017年;第20卷,第3期

摘要: 跨大西洋贸易和投资伙伴关系(TTIP)构成了欧盟(EU)对外贸易政策的有心选择和重要组成部分。全球两大贸易集团监管合作在未来几年需要继续实行。在多变贸易时代,服务是唯一在双边和多变层面谈判都具有重要的地位。然而,最近的英国脱欧和美国退出TPP使得未来的国际贸易充满了不确定性。既便如此,服务仍然是欧盟出口收益的关键部分,因此尽快达成TTIP和TiSA等协定至关重要,这样不仅能够为欧盟的服务供应商创造新的机会,同时也可以重新塑造全球服务贸易规则。关于TTIP,欧盟在执行委员会的支持下提出了一项议程,并且已经向美国提交有条件的要约,希望能够进一步促进大西洋两岸的自由化。在这一背景下,本文指出欧盟对外贸易政策的重点,主要是欧盟对外服务贸易的自由化。本文提出了以下三个方面的内容:第一,此类战略性协议标志着进入一个新的服务战略时代,但是它还包括内部冲突和矛盾,例如视听和公共服务这种被认为敏感性的服务自由化的意见,以及英国脱欧也加剧了媒体界内部的冲突;第二,大型经济区域可以加速国内服务业制度改革和开放;第三,TISA将成为欧盟对世界贸易组织(WTO)事业承诺的试金石。本文还发现欧盟现有立法和判例法相吻合,其他的与欧盟签订自由贸易协定,例如最近与加拿大签订的全面经济贸易协定(CETA),《服务贸易总协定》(GATS)和TiSA也同样吻合。

17 Title: Servicification of Firms and Trade Policy Implications

Author: Lodefalk Magnus

Periodical: World Trade Review

Date: 2017,v.16,iss.1

Abstract: In the OECD countries,the decline of manufacturing and the employment implications have long been matters of concern. Recently,policymakers in several countries have set out to try and achieve reindustrialization.The servicification of firms is related to these concerns and aspirations. However,servicification,and particularly its role in trade policy,has received limited attention. I review micro-level evidence and discuss its implications. I find that imported,domestic and exported services are all important to contemporary firm competitiveness and participation in international value chains. Therefore,historic policymaking divisions between trade in manufactures and trade in services,between export and import interests,and among modes of supply are becoming less relevant. I conclude by suggesting potential steps forward.

题目:企业服务化与贸易政策的影响

作者: 洛德法克·马格努斯

期刊:《世界贸易评论》

日期:2017年;第16卷,第1期

摘要: 在经合组织(OECD)国家,制造业的下降和就业的影响一直以来备受关注。最近,很多国家的贸易政策的制定者在尝试实现再工业化。而企业的服务化与这些关注和愿景密切相关。然而,服务化,尤其是在贸易政策中的作用,仅仅受到有限的关注。本文将从微观层面来讨论企业服务化的影响。研究发现,进口、国内和出口服务对于当代企业提升国际竞争力和全球价值链参与度有着重要的作用。因此,制造业贸易和服务贸易之间,出口和进口利益之间,以及供应模式之间的历史决定性分工相关性变得越来越弱。最后,我对此提出了潜在的政策措施。

18 Title: Trade of Goods and Services and Risk Sharing Ability in International Equity Markets: Are These Substitutes or Complements?

Author: Seema Narayan,Nadia Doytch,Tri Tung Nguyen,Karl Kluegel

Periodical: International Review of Economics & Finance

Date: 2017,v.45,iss.7

Abstract: This paper shows that changes in risk sharing ability in international financial markets have implications for the trade of goods and services. The ability to share risk in international financial markets is captured as time varying correlations between stock markets in the US and 11 Asian countries. We find that trade in the 11 Asia and their ability to share risk in US equity market are mostly substitutes over the full sample (1993:01 to 2014:01) and in extreme market conditions (such as a financial crisis). However,once we account for the decoupling recoupling hypothesis during the GFC period,we only find strong evidence of complementarity between Asian trade and risk sharing in the US stock markets. We find further support for this complementary link between the real and financial markets in our analyses of when we examined the relationship between US stock market spillovers and Asian trade during the full sample,the GFC period,and under bearish market conditions.We explain our approach and results making connections with several related areas of research and evaluate the results against cases where international risk sharing is with equity markets in China and Japan.

题目:国际股票市场中货物贸易和服务贸易额风险分担能力:是替代关系还是互补关系?

作者: 塞玛·纳拉扬,纳迪娅·道奇,阮三同,卡尔·克鲁格尔

期刊:《国际经济金融评论》

日期:2017年;第45卷,第7期

摘要: 本文发现国际金融市场风险分担能力的变化对货物贸易和服务贸易有一定的影响。在国际金融市场中分享风险的能力被认为是美国和11个亚洲国家股市之间的时变相关性。研究发现,亚洲11个国家的贸易在美国股票市场的风险分担能力在整个样本期间(1993年1月到2014年1月)和极端市场条件下(例如金融危机)具有替代关系。然而,一旦我们考虑到GFC时期的脱钩再融资假说,我们发现亚洲贸易和美国股市风险分担之间存在互补关系。当我们研究美国股票市场溢出效应和亚洲贸易之间的关系时,在全样本、GFC时期和熊市条件下,我们发现了现实与金融市场之间的这种互补联系。我们解释了我们的研究方法和结果与相关领域研究和国际风险分担在中国和日本股市的结果相反的原因。

19 Title: The E15 Initiative Strengthening the Global Trade System (Services,International Rulemaking,and the Digitization of Global Commerce)

Author: Bieron Brian,Ahmed Usman

Periodical: Journal of Commerce and Management Thought

Date: 2016,v.7,iss. 2

Abstract: The paper offers three recommendations that combine technology and policy in an effort to best facilitate positive resolutions. They are improving encryption and reforming government bulk data collection practices; adopting dynamic performance privacy regulation and interoperable privacy regimes; and creating application programming interfaces and digitizing customs submission.Trade policymakers can help to achieve important regulatory goals and create an effective global economic environment by adopting these suggestions.

题目:E15倡议加强全球贸易体系(服务、国际规则制定和全球商业数字化)

作者:比龙·布瑞恩,艾哈迈德·乌斯曼

期刊:《商业管理思想》

日期:2016年;第7卷,第2期

摘要: 本文提出了三项建议,将技术和政策结合起来最大限度地促进积极的解决方案的达成。需要改进保密措施和改革政府数据收集的实践;采用动态性能隐私管制和共同操作隐私制度;以及创建应用程序编程接口和数字化海关呈交。贸易政策制定者可以通过采纳这些建议来帮助实现重要的监管目标和创造一个高效的全球经济环境

20 Title: Services Versus Goods Trade: a Firm-level Comparison

Author: Ariu Andrea.

Periodical: Review of World Economics

Date: 2016,v.152,iss.1

Abstract: Using transaction data from Belgium,we provide a descriptive comparison of trade in goods and trade in services at the firm level. From a static perspective,we find that firms trading services are fewer and export and import smaller values than those trading goods. This is because they trade fewer products,with less countries,making fewer transactions and these gaps are only partially counterbalanced by larger transaction values. Instead,firms trading both services and goods are even rarer,but they account for a substantial share of total trade. In the time dimension,services traders experience higher entry and exit rates and a lower survival probability. However,the surviving firms grow more rapidly than those trading goods thanks to an increase in the number of transactions per productmarket. Finally,we observe that firms that trade only services add also goods in their export and import basket and vice versa. This is a further important growth channel for firms in international markets.

题目:服务贸易与货物贸易:公司层面的比较

作者:阿利乌·安德列

期刊:《世界经济评论》

日期:2016年;第152卷,第1期

摘要: 本文使用比利时的交易数据,对货物贸易和服务贸易进行企业层面的描述性比较。从静态角度来看,研究发现服务贸易比货物贸易的交易额和数量都要少。这是因为服务贸易交易的产品和国家都很少,使得交易减少,而这些差距部分抵消掉了较大的交易价值。相反,同时进行服务贸易和货物贸易的公司更加稀少,但它们所占贸易总额的份额很大。从时间限度上看,服务贸易公司会遭受高进入退出率和低存活率。然而,幸存的服务贸易公司会比货物贸易公司在每一个产品交易市场上的交易数量增加得快。最后,我们还发现只进行服务贸易的公司的进出口也在增加,反之亦然。这是企业在国际市场上进一步成长的重要途径。

21 Title: The Effects of China’s Aid and Trade on Its ODI in African Countries

Author: Yan Dong,Cijun Fan

Periodical: Emerging Markets Review

Date: 2017,v.33,iss.C

Abstract: This paper examines the effects of China’s aid and trade on its overseas direct investment (ODI) in 50 African countries from 2002 to 2013.We find that exports of natural resources significantly increase China’s ODI; this suggests that China’s ODI is “vertical”. Despite this,the relationship between aid and ODI varies according to different types of aid. Aid invested in social and economic infrastructure raises ODI,and the marginal effect diminishes as aid increases. Aid invested in the productive sector and the government,however,negatively impacts ODI,thereby suggesting that China’s aid will crowd out its investment in these countries.

题目:中国对外援助和贸易对中国向非洲对外直接投资的影响研究

作者:董阳,范慈军

期刊:《新兴市场评论》

日期:2017年;第33卷,第C期

摘要:本文考察了中国的对外援助和贸易对其2002—2013年在50个非洲国家海外直接投资(ODI)的影响。研究发现,自然资源出口显著地引起中国对外直接投资增加,表明目前中国的对外直接投资仍然是“垂直的”。尽管如此,对外援助和对外直接投资之间的关系并不总是正向关系,会根据对外援助类型的不同而变化。投向社会和经济基础设施的援助有助于增加ODI,但其边际效应递减。而投向生产部门和政府的援助对ODI产生了负向影响,进而表明中国的援助在一定程度上会挤出在这些国家的投资。

22 Title: How Does Outward Foreign Direct Investment Enhance Firm Productivity? A Heterogeneous Empirical Analysis from Chinese Manufacturing

Author: Youxing Huang,Yan Zhang

Periodical: China Economic Review

Date: 2017,v.44,iss.11

Abstract: Using an original linked firm-level panel data from Chinese manufacturing firms over the period 2002-2007,this paper examines how outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) led productivity increase of parent firms (known as the own-firm effect) changes over firm heterogeneity. Conducting propensity score matching (PSM) techniques and differences-in-differences (DID) analysis,we find strong and robust evidence that the first OFDI promotes parent firm’s productivity and this effect varies substantially with the firms’ characteristics. In particular,firm’s absorptive capacity is essential for the own-firm effect,and the absorptive capacity related with the product innovation is more important than that of the process innovation for the own-firm effect. Also,OFDI strategies for obtaining advanced technology and investing in developed countries significantly strengthen the own-firm effect,whereas,government supports have no significant impacts on the own-firm effect.

题目:对外直接投资是如何提高企业生产率的?——基于中国制造业的异质性实证分析

作者:黄佑兴,张岩

期刊:《中国经济评论》

日期:2017年;第44卷,第11期

摘要:本文利用2002—2007年中国制造业企业的面板数据,从企业异质性角度考察了对外直接投资(OFDI)对母公司生产率增长的影响。采用倾向得分匹配(PSM)进行双重差分(DID)估计,结果表明OFDI提高了母国企业的生产率,但其影响程度存在明显的异质性。特别是,企业的吸收能力影响着企业生产率的提高,而与产品创新相关的吸收能力对企业创新能力的提升更为重要。同时,对于发达国家的先进技术和发达国家投资的OFDI策略显著增强了企业自身的生产率,而政府支持则没有显著影响。

23 Title: Exports,Outward FDI and Technology Upgrading: Firm Level Evidence from India

Author: Sandra Lancheros

Periodical: Journal of Development Studies

Date: 2016,v.52,iss.10

Abstract: This paper evaluates the individual and combined effects of exporting and outward foreign direct investments (OFDI) on firms’ technology investments at home using firm-level data from the pharmaceutical industry in India. The analysis accounts for unobserved firm heterogeneity and the endogeneity of the choice of foreign market participation and shows that exporting has been an important channel through which Indian multinational expansion has encouraged greater domestic technological activity. However,all else constant,higher levels of OFDI have rather acted as substitutes for such technological efforts.

题目:出口、对外直接投资与技术升级——来自印度企业的证据

作者:桑德拉·兰切罗斯

期刊:《开发研究》

日期:2016年;第52卷,第10期

摘要:本文利用印度制药行业企业数据,评价了出口和对外直接投资(OFDI)对企业进行国内技术研发的影响。在考虑未观察到的企业异质性和存在选择外国市场参与的内生性问题后,结果表明通过出口这一重要渠道,印度跨国企业得到扩张,并积极带动了国内技术研发。然而,更高水平的OFDI更多的是直接从国外吸收技术经验,并未促进国内技术研发。

24 Title: What is China Seeking from Africa? An Analysis of the Economic and Political Determinants of Chinese Outward Foreign Direct Investment Based on Stochastic Frontier Models

Author: Paulo Reis Mourao

Periodical: China Economic Review

Date: 2017

Abstract: Chinese investment in the African continent is rapidly spreading.Unlike the Maoist proselytism that defined past diplomatic relations between China and a few African countries,the current distribution of current Chinese Foreign Direct Investment has economic motivations. However,our study also found that Chinese investors are attracted to the political and institutional particularities of each African country. Using Stochastic Frontier Models,it has been concluded that dynamic national markets with a large population and significant forest area are the most preferred for the allocation of Chinese Foreign Direct Investment in 48 African countries between 2003 and 2010. According to our results,the efficiency of this allocation can be maximized by increased political stability and regulatory quality,with government effectiveness being an additional factor required for this efficiency.

题目:中国在非洲的投资动因——基于随机前沿模型的中国对外直接投资的经济政治影响因素分析

作者:保罗·穆拉奥

期刊:《中国经济评论》

日期:2017年

摘要:中国在非洲大陆的投资正在迅速扩大。与毛泽东时期中国和一些非洲国家之间的外交关系不同,目前中国面向非洲国家对外直接投资主要基于经济动机。然而,本文研究还发现,每个非洲国家的政治和体制特殊性仍然会影响到中国的投资者。利用2003—2010年48个非洲国家的数据进行随机前沿模型分析,发现中国外商直接投资主要集中于人口众多、森林面积大的地区。进一步分析表明,这种方式的对外直接投资可以通过改善政治稳定和监管质量等影响政府效率因素而达到最大化。

25 Title: Outward Foreign Direct Investment from Emerging Economies:Escaping Home Country Regulative Voids

Author: Carmen Stoian,Alex Mohr

Periodical: International Business Review

Date: 2016,v. 25,iss.5

Abstract: The internationalisation of multinationals from emerging economies raises the question of whether mainstream theory can explain this phenomenon. We combine the explanations of outward foreign direct investment (OFDI) provided by the institution-based view and the investment development path (IDP) and suggest that the combined use of these explanations contributes to the reconciliation of the mainstream and emerging views of internationalisation. We argue that although OFDI is undertaken by firms to overcome the competitive disadvantages resulting from home country regulative voids,escapist investment is facilitated if these firms possess certain competitive advantages that help them overcome the liability of foreignness when expanding abroad. We thus expect the impact of regulative voids on OFDI to vary with the level of local firms’ ownership advantages. Our analysis of OFDI flows from 29 emerging economies over 17 years (1995-2011)provides support for the direct effects of two types of regulative voids and for the three suggested moderating effects of firms’ competitive advantages.

题目:新兴经济体的对外直接投资:逃离本国制度缺陷

作者:卡门·斯托扬,亚历克斯·莫尔

期刊:《国际商务评论》

日期:2016年;第25卷,第5期

摘要:新兴经济体跨国公司的国际化急需主流理论来解释这一现象。本文结合了以机构为基础的观点和投资发展路径(IDP)对此种现象进行解释,并且这种解释与当前国际主流和新兴观点一致。开展OFDI是为了克服本国制度缺失而产生的竞争劣势,但如果这些公司具有一定的竞争优势,则此时将有助于其在对外扩展时规避相应的责任。因此,可以预期制度缺陷对OFDI的影响会随着本地企业所有权优势的变化而变化。本文分析了29个新兴经济体1995—2011年的OFDI流动,证实了腐败、官僚主义等制度缺陷的不同影响,并为企业建立竞争优势提供了经验支持。

26 Title: China’s Rising Outbound Investment: Trends and Issues

Author: Mei Wang,Qi Zheng,Jijing Zhang

Periodical: International Journal of Public Policy

Date: 2017,v.13,iss.3

Abstract: This paper aims to facilitate China’s globalisation process and to enable destination countries to benefit from Chinese ODI potential by having a clear understanding of the institutional background against which Chinese SOEs have participated in ODI. It reviews the current and emerging trends in China’s direct investment abroad. It also looks at the issues arising from the predominance of state-ownership of China’s companies investing overseas along with the impact of the reforms state-owned companies have undergone and are currently undertaking.

题目:中国对外直接投资的趋势和存在问题

作者:王梅,郑其,张继静

期刊:《国际公共政策研究》

日期:2017年;第13卷,第3期

摘要:本文通过厘清中国开展对外直接投资的制度背景和认清国有企业在其中发挥的作用,以达到促进中国的全球化进程和让投资目的地国家从中国对外直接投资中获益的目的。在回顾中国对外直接投资的现状和发展趋势的同时,也着眼于展望随着国有企业改革而导致中国企业海外投资过程中出现的一系列问题。

27 Title: What Determines Governance Across Nations: Do Economic and Social Globalization Play a Role?

Author: Deepraj Mukherjee,Nabamita Dutta

Periodical: Economic Modelling

Date: 2016,v.69,iss.C

Abstract: This paper explores the role of two facets of globalization -economic and social - in impacting different governance indicators. Higher economic globalization emphasizes market-based policies,makes government more transparent and accountable and creates better adherence to global standards of governance. At the same time,higher social globalization that comes with the greater exchange of ideas and information as well as cultural integration,can make the populace more aware of international norms,can enhance freedom of expression via network building and exchange of ideas and can make the populace adhere better to rules in the society. Based on a sample of 142 countries over 1996 to 2013,the papers find that for economic globalization to have a beneficial impact on governance indicators,countries should have more than median levels of social globalization. Countries with low levels of social globalization fail to benefit from economic globalization. Thus,a better level of global governance is hidden in the right mix of cultural fusion along with higher labor and capital flows.

题目:什么决定了各国的治理:经济和社会全球化是否起了作用?

作者:德普雷·穆克吉,纳巴米塔·杜塔

期刊:《经济建模》

日期:2016年;第69卷,第C期

摘要:本文探讨了全球化的两方面——经济和社会——对不同治理指标的影响。更高的经济全球化强调以市场为基础的政策,使政府更加透明和负责,并使政府更好地遵循全球治理标准。同时,更高的社会全球化,带来更大的思想和信息的交换及文化整合,可以使民众更加了解国际规范,可以通过网络建设和加强言论自由交换思想,可以使民众坚持更好的社会规则。本文基于1996年到2013年的142个国家样本发现,经济全球化对治理指标产生有利影响,同时各国的社会全球化程度应高于中位数水平。而社会全球化程度低的国家未能从经济全球化中获益。因此,一个更好的全球治理水平被隐藏在文化融合的正确组合,以及更高速的劳动力和资本流动中。

28 Title: Silk Road Economic Belt: Can Old BITs Fulfil China’s New Initiative?

Author: Jie Jeanne Huang

Periodical: Journal of World Trade

Date: 2016,v.50,iss.4

Abstract: The “Silk Road Economic Belt” (SREB) Initiative is the focal point of China’s “Belt and Road” national strategy. This article explores the feasibility of the SREB initiative from the perspective of international investment law. Sixtyone Bilateral Investment Treaties (BITs) were concluded between China and SREB countries and thirty-eight of them were signed in the 1990s or before. By a statistical research method,this article argues that these thirty-eight BITs may not fulfil the SREB initiative because of their insufficiencies in three aspects: ambiguous definitions of “investor” and “investment”,no national treatment and limited investor—state dispute resolution mechanism. By referring to recent BITs/ Free Trade Agreement (FTAs) concluded by China,such as the China-Korea FTA and the China-Australia FTA,this article suggests solutions to revise these old BITs.

题目:丝绸之路经济带:旧的多边投资协议能否实现中国的新倡议?

作者:杰珍妮·黄

期刊:《世界贸易》

日期:2016年;第50卷,第4期

摘要:“丝绸之路经济带”(SREB)倡议是中国“一带一路”倡议的重点。本文从国际投资法的角度探讨了SREB倡议的可行性。中国与SREB国家签订了61个双边投资协定(BITs),其中38个条约是在1990年或以前签署的。本文通过统计研究方法,认为这38个多边投资协定可能无法实现SREB计划,因为它们在三方面存在不足:“投资者”和“投资”的模糊定义,没有国民待遇和有限的投资者——国家争端解决机制。通过借鉴中国近期签订的《中韩自由贸易协定》和《中澳自贸协定》,本文提出了修改这些旧条款的建议。

29 Title: Understanding China’s Belt & Road Initiative: Motivation,Framework and Assessment

Author: Yiping Huang

Periodical: China Economic Review

Date: 2016,v.40,iss.C

Abstract: The Belt & Road Initiative is China’s greatest international economic ambition,aiming at stimulating economic development in a vast region covering sub regions in Asia,Europe and Africa,which accounts for 64% of world population and 30% of world GDP. The Initiative is devised to reconfigure China’s external sector in order to continue its strong growth. While infrastructure development plays a central role,the Belt & Road Initiative is a comprehensive one,including also policy dialogue,unimpeded trade,financial support and people-to-people exchange. It is too early to assess the impact of this ambitious Initiative. It certainly has the potential of turning the underdeveloped “Belt & Road”region into a new vibrant economic pillar and contributing to economic policy thinking by incorporating successful experiences of emerging market economies.However,the Initiative also faces very high barriers,including lack of central coordination mechanism,potential clash of different political regimes and beliefs and financial viability of cross-border projects.

题目:了解中国的“一带一路”倡议:动机、框架和评估

作者:黄一平

期刊:《中国经济评论》

日期:2016年;第40卷,第C期

摘要:“一带一路”是中国最伟大的国际经济目标,旨在带动亚洲、欧洲和非洲等地区的经济发展,整体覆盖世界人口的64%,占世界GDP的30%。该倡议旨在重新配置中国的外部部门,以保持其强劲的增长。虽然基础设施建设发挥着核心作用,但“一带一路”倡议是全面的,同时包括政策沟通、设施联通、贸易畅通、资金融通,以及民心相通。现在评估这项雄心勃勃的计划的影响还为时过早。它当然有潜力将不发达的“一带一路”地区转变为一个新的充满活力的经济支柱,并结合新兴市场经济体的成功经验,为经济政策思考做出贡献。然而,该倡议还面临着非常高的障碍,包括缺乏中央协调机制、不同政治制度的潜在冲突和跨界项目的信念和财务可行性。

30 Title: Westward Ho—the China Dream and “the Belt and Road”: Chinese Foreign Policy under Xi Jinping

Author: Ferdinand Peter

Periodical: International Affairs

Date: 2016,v.92,iss.4

Abstract: China’s domestic politics and foreign policy have evolved considerably under President Xi Jinping. Domestically the regime has actively promoted the idea of the “China dream” to restore optimism and enthusiasm about its future,particularly among young people. Yet it has also sought to differentiate the socialist China dream from any resemblance to the American dream. Its main emphasis is on making China “strong and powerful” again. In foreign policy,the leadership has become more active. While China has pursued a more robust policy in the South China Sea,it has also launched two extremely ambitious long-term projects to expand land and maritime transport links between China and Europe,termed the “the Belt and Road” initiative. They aim to promote development of western China,but if successful,they should also help to transform economic relations across large parts of Eurasia. In geopolitical terms,they will expand China’s shadow over regions of the world where hitherto its presence has been relatively modest. They should strengthen links with Europe,as well as with other countries along the routes,to counterbalance potentially conflictual relations with the US. However,success will require active and enthusiastic cooperation from many neighbours. For that reason the risks are as great as the ambition.

题目:中国梦与“一带一路”:习近平领导下的中国外交政策

作者:费迪南德·彼得

期刊:《国际事务》

日期:2016年;第92卷,第4期

摘要:在习近平主席的领导下,中国的国内政治和外交政策得到了很大的发展。在国内,政府积极倡导“中国梦”,以恢复对未来的乐观和热情,尤其是在年轻一代中。然而,这一倡导同样试图将社会主义中国梦与美国梦的任何相似之处区分开来。它的主要重点是再次让中国“强大而有力量”。在外交政策方面,领导层变得更加活跃。在此期间,中国在南海采取了更为强硬的政策,同时也启动了两项极其雄心勃勃的长期项目,以扩大中国与欧洲之间的陆上和海上交通联系,称为“一带一路”(the Belt and Road)倡议。倡议的目标是促进中国西部的发展,如果成功的话,会进一步改善欧亚大陆大部分地区的经济关系。从地缘政治的角度看,尽管迄今为止,中国的影响力相对较小,但倡议将扩大中国对世界地区的影响。中国应该加强与欧洲及其他沿线国家的联系,以平衡与美国之间潜在的冲突关系。然而,倡议的成功需要许多邻国积极和热情的合作。由此可见,伟大倡议也伴随着同样大的风险。

31 Title: The Political Economy of Governance in a “Global Value Chain World”

Author: Frederick W Mayer,Nicola Phillips,Anne C Posthuma

Periodical: New Political Economy

Date: 2017,v. 22, iss. 2

Abstract: The global political economy has come to be shaped by a historically novel form of industrial organisation,the global value chain(GVC). Yet,although there has been much attention both to GVCs and to global governance,there has been a great deal less that connects the two. This symposium aims to take a step towards redressing this situation in order to move towards a better understanding of the political economy of governance in a “GVC world”. This introductory essay outlines the aims of the Symposium as being (a)to advance a more encompassing vision of politics and agency in a GVC world,(b)to understand the implications of a GVC world for global economic governance and(c) to move beyond empirical description and conceptual characterisation of forms of governance towards more explicit normative considerations of their implications for more equitable and sustainable outcomes.

题目: “全球价值链世界”中的政治经济治理

作者:弗雷德里克·W.迈耶,尼古拉·菲利普斯,安妮·C.波塞玛

期刊:《新政治经济学》

日期:2017年;第22卷,第2期

摘要:全球政治经济已经被塑造成了一种历史上新颖的产业组织形式,即全球价值链。然而,尽管对全球价值链和全球治理有很多关注,但两者之间的联系却少有关注。本次研讨会旨在采取措施纠正这种情况,以便更好地理解“全球价值链世界”的治理政治经济。这篇介绍性的文章概述了研讨会的目标:(a)在GVC的世界里推进一个更加包容的政治和机构的愿景;(b)理解GVC世界对全球经济治理的影响;(c)超越治理形式的经验描述和概念的特征,转变为对其影响的更明确的规范性思考,以实现更加公平和可持续的发展环境。

32 Title: The Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank: Bringing “Asian Values”to Global Economic Governance?

Author: David M. Ong

Periodical: Journal of International Economic Law

Date: 2017,v. 20,iss.3

Abstract: This article examines the recent establishment of the Asian Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB) through the prism of the “Asian values”debate. It maps the key attributes of these “Asian values” first,to the institutional governance structure of the AIIB,and second,to its proposed decision-making procedures; specifically,in relation to the criteria and process for evaluating,assessing,and monitoring the economic,social and environmental sustainability of infrastructure projects that this new Multilateral Development Bank (MDB)will be supporting. The object of this exercise is to postulate whether an “Asian values” approach to international development finance can be proposed as a viable alternative to currently Western-dominated institutions of global economic governance and ultimately,the Anglo-American form of capitalism that still underpins the global economy. The twin roles of China within the AIIB,first as the financial catalyst for AIIB investment in regional infrastructure projects,and second,as a potential regional hegemon through its dominance of the AIIB governance structure,will be canvassed. The article concludes by proposing an“Asian values” approach to global economic governance as the foundation of a new research agenda which can be used to assess the future operations of this Bank and other new MDBs.

题目:亚洲基础设施投资银行:为全球经济治理带来“亚洲价值观”?

作者:大卫·M.翁

期刊:《国际经济法》

日期:2017年;第20卷,第3期

摘要:本文通过对“亚洲价值观”的讨论这一视角来审视最近亚洲基础设施投资银行(AIIB)的建立。文章展示了 “亚洲价值观”的关键属性,首先在亚投行的机构治理结构方面,其次是在其拟议的决策程序中展示;具体来说,这个新的多边开发银行(MDB)将对标准和过程的评价、评估,经济的监管,以及基础设施项目建设中的社会和环境可持续性予以支持。这项工作的目的是假设是否可以将 "亚洲价值观" 的国际发展融资方法作为目前西方主导的全球经济治理机构的可行替代办法。最终得出,英美资本主义的形式仍然支撑着全球经济。中国在亚投行中扮演着双重角色,首先是作为亚投行在投资区域基础设施项目上的金融催化剂,二是作为潜在的地区主导方,通过其在亚投行治理结构中的主导地位,进行游说。本文总结提出“亚洲价值观”的全球经济治理方法,作为一项新的研究议程的基础,可以用来评估亚投行和其他新多边开发银行未来的运作情况。

33 Title: Opportunities and Challenges Ahead of China’s “New Normal”

Author: Rosalie L. Tung

Periodical: Long Range Planning

Date: 2016,v.49,iss.5

Abstract: After three-and-a-half decades of breakneck growth,the Chinese economy has finally slowed down to just below 7 percent in the third quarter of 2015.Chinese President Xi Jinping has coined the term “new normal” to refer to this new situation. This commentary will examine the opportunities and challenges that lie ahead of China’s “new normal” and their implications for foreign multinational firms investing in China. Some opportunities include regional economic integration;sizeable foreign reserves to finance development at home and abroad; and upgrading in the science and technology skills of its people. However,there are also challenges. These are: aging of China’s population; institutional weakness,corruption/weak corporate governance and growing income inequality; and China’s newfound confidence on the world stage.

题目:中国“新常态”面前的机遇与挑战

作者:罗莎莉·L.董

期刊:《长期规划》

日期:2016年;第49卷,第5期

摘要:在经历了长达30多年的高速增长之后,中国经济终于在2015年第三季度放缓至略低于7%的水平。中国国家主席习近平创造了“新常态”一词来形容这种新形势。这篇文章将探讨中国“新常态”所面临的机遇和挑战,以及它们对在华投资的外国跨国公司的影响。这些机遇是:区域经济一体化;可观的外汇储备,可以为国内外的发展提供资金;并提升科学技术和技能。与此同时,也存在一些挑战,即中国人口老龄化;制度薄弱、腐败和薄弱的公司治理,收入不平等加剧等问题,以及中国在世界舞台上的新信心树立问题。

34 Title: The World Trade Organization and the Future of Multilateralism

Author: Baldwin Richard

Periodical: The Journal of Economic Perspectives

Date: 2016,v.30,iss.1

Abstract: When the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade was signed by 23 nations in 1947, the goal was to establish a rules-based world trading system and to facilitate mutually advantageous trade liberalization. As the GATT evolved over time and morphed into the World Trade Organization in 1993,both goals have largely been achieved. The WTO presides over a rule-based trading system based on norms that are almost universally accepted and respected by its 163 members. Tariffs today are below 5% on most trade,and zero for a very large share of imports. Despite its manifest success, the WTO is widely regarded as suffering from a deep malaise. The main reason is that the latest WTO negotiation, the Doha Round,has staggered between failures,flops,and false dawns since it was launched in 2001. But the Doha logjam has not inhibited tariff liberalization - far from it. During the last 15 years,most WTO members have massively lowered barriers to trade,investment,and services bilaterally,regionally,and unilaterally - indeed,everywhere except through the WTO. For today’s off shoring-linked international commerce, the trade rules that matter are less about tariffs and more about protection of investments and intellectual property,along with legal and regulatory steps to assure that the two-way flows of goods,services,investment,and people will not be impeded. It’s possible to imagine a hypothetical WTO that would incorporate these rules. But the most likely outcome for the future governance of international trade is a two-pillar structure in which the WTO continues to govern with its 1994-era rules while the new rules for international production networks are set by a decentralized process of sometimes overlapping and inconsistent mega-regional agreements.

题目:世界贸易组织和多边主义的未来

作者:鲍德温·理查德

期刊:《经济展望》

日期:2016年;第30卷,第1期

摘要:1947年,23个国家签署了关税和贸易总协定,目的是建立一个以规则为基础的世界贸易体系,促进互惠互利的贸易自由化。关贸总协定随着时间的推移而演变,并在1993年演变为世界贸易组织,当初的目标在很大程度上都实现了。世贸组织倡导一个基于规则的贸易体系,其163个成员国几乎普遍接受和尊重这一准则。目前,大多数贸易的关税都低于5%,并且很大一部分进口商品的关税为零。尽管世界贸易组织取得了明显的成功,但人们普遍认为它正遭受着严重的弊病。最主要的原因是,自2001年启动WTO谈判以来,多哈回合谈判一直在失败、挫败和虚假的曙光之间摇摆不定。但是,多哈僵局远远没有妨碍关税自由化。在过去15年里,大多数世贸组织成员都大幅降低了双边、区域和单方面的贸易、投资和服务的壁垒,事实上,世贸组织外的其他国家都是如此。对于今天的与外贸相关的国际贸易,以及重要的贸易规则来说,关税的影响已有所减少,更多的是保护投资和知识产权,以及法律和监管措施,以确保商品、服务、投资和自然人的双向流动不会受到阻碍。我们可以想象一个假想的WTO,它将纳入这些规则。但是,未来国际贸易治理的最可能结果是一个两支柱结构,即世贸组织继续以其1994年的规则进行管理,而国际生产网络的新规则是由有时是重叠的、不一致的大型区域协议的集散过程所决定。

35 Title: Back to the Future: “Retro” Trade Governance and the Future of the Multilateral Order

Author: Wilkinson Rorden

Periodical: International Affairs

Date: 2017,v.93,iss.5

Abstract: This article reflects on the role crises play in enabling existing systems of global economic governance to evolve and endure while also preserving underlying power dynamics. The article uses global trade governance as its casestudy. Its aim is to explore the impact of the negotiating crises that beset the World Trade Organization’s (WTO) Doha round of trade negotiations. The article traces how,over the course of the Doha round,periodic crises resulting from divergent pressures for opposing outcomes combined to preclude one set of institutional developments from resulting (those on which the Doha round had been launched and the basis upon which developing countries negotiated) while enabling others(those advanced by the leading industrial states). The result has been to usher in changes that have returned global trade governance to a form of system management more familiar to observers of the multilateral trading system of the 1970s. This“retro” form of trade governance signals a departure from the more inclusive system that had emerged from the Uruguay round of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) and evolved during the WTO’s early years,replacing it with a lither system of mini-lateralism more fit for industrial country purposes.

题目:回到未来:“复古”的贸易治理和多边秩序的未来

作者:威尔金森·罗登

期刊:《国际事务》

日期:2017年;第93卷,第5期

摘要:这篇文章反映了危机在使现有的全球经济治理体系得以发展和持久的同时,也保留着背后的权力因素所发挥的推动作用。本文以全球贸易治理为例,其目的是探讨困扰世界贸易组织(WTO)多哈回合贸易谈判的谈判危机的影响。这篇文章描述了在多哈回合的过程中,由于反对的声音所造成的分歧性压力进而产生的周期性危机如何阻碍一系列机构的发展(多哈回合已经启动的主要和发展中国家的谈判),同时又支持其他(由主要工业国家推进的谈判)机构的发展。其结果是引发了一些变化,这些变化使全球贸易治理重新回到了20世纪70年代多边贸易体制的观察家们更为熟悉的一种制度管理形式。这种“复古”形式的贸易治理造成了对乌拉圭回合的关税和在世贸组织的早期的贸易总协定(GATT)中就出现的包容性系统的偏离,取而代之的是更适合工业国家的发展的少边主义体系。

36 Title:Are Global Trade Negotiations Behind a Fragmented World of“Gated Globalization”?

Author:James Lake,Santanu Roy

Periodical:Journal of International Economics

Date:2017,v.108(www.xing528.com)

Abstract:We show that global trade negotiations can prevent global free trade.In a simple model where global tariff negotiations precede sequential Free Trade Agreements(FTAs),we show FTA formation can expand all the way to global free trade in the absence of global tariff negotiations but global free trade never emerges when global tariff negotiations precede FTA formation. This result arises precisely because global tariff negotiations successfully elicit concessions from negotiating countries. Moreover,global tariff negotiations can produce a fragmented world of“gated globalization”where some countries form FTAs that eliminate tariff barriers among themselves while outsiders continue facing higher tariffs.

题目:全球贸易谈判的背后是一个支离破碎的“封闭全球化”世界吗?

作者:詹姆斯·莱克,桑塔努·罗伊

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第108卷

摘要:我们表明,全球贸易谈判可以阻碍全球自由贸易。在一个全球关税谈判先于连续的自由贸易协定(FTAs)的简单模式下,我们展示了在没有全球关税谈判的情况下,自由贸易协定的形成可以扩大到全球自由贸易,但如果全球关税谈判先于自由贸易协定之前形成,则全球自由贸易并未再出现。这一结果正是因为全球关税谈判成功地促使谈判国让步。而且,全球关税谈判可以产生一个“封闭全球化”的分裂世界,在这个世界中,一些国家形成了自由贸易协定,消除了自己之间的关税壁垒,而外部国家则继续面临更高的关税。

37 Title:On the Different Geographic Characteristics of Free Trade Agreements and Customs Unions

Author:Halis Yildiz,James Lake

Periodical:Journal of International Economics

Date:2016,v.103

Abstract:Casual observation reveals a striking phenomenon of Preferential Trade Agreements(PTAs):while Customs Unions(CUs)are only intraregional,Free Trade Agreements(FTAs)are inter and intra-regional.Using a farsighted dynamic model,we endogenize the equilibrium path of PTAs among two close countries and one far country. Rising transport costs mitigate the cost of discrimination faced by the far country as a CU non-member and diminish the value of preferential access as a CU member. Thus,sufficiently large transport costs imply that an FTA is the only type of PTA that can induce the far country’s participation in PTA formation.Unlike CU formation,FTA formation can induce participation because FTAs provide a flexibility benefit:an FTA member can form further PTAs with non-members but a CU member must do so jointly with all existing members. Hence,in equilibrium,CUs are intra-regional while FTAs are intra-and inter-regional.

题目:关于自由贸易协定和关税同盟的不同地理特征

作者:哈里斯·伊尔迪兹,詹姆斯·莱克

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第103卷

摘要:随即观测揭示了特惠贸易协定(PTAs)的一个显著现象:关税联盟(CUs)只是区域内,自由贸易协定(FTA)是区域内及区域之间的。利用一种有远见的动态模型,我们内化了两个邻近国家和一个遥远国家的PTAs的均衡路径。运输成本的上升降低了远国作为CU非成员所面临的歧视成本,并降低了作为CU成员的优先准入的价值。因此,足够大的运输成本意味着,自由贸易协定是唯一一种可以诱导远国参与PTA形成的PTA。与CU的形成不同,FTA的形成可以诱导参与,因为FTAs提供了一个灵活性的好处:一个FTA成员可以与非成员形成进一步的PTAs,但是CU成员必须与所有现有成员共同完成。因此,在均衡中,CUs是区域性的,而FTAs则是地区内和区域间的。

38 Title:Terms of Trade and Global Efficiency Effects of Free Trade Agreements,1990-2002

Author:Anderson James E,Yoto V.Yotov

Periodical:Journal of International Economics

Date:2016,v.99

Abstract:This paper infers the terms of trade effects of free trade agreements(FTAs)implemented in the 1990s. We estimate large FTA effects on bilateral trade volume in 2 digit manufacturing goods from 1990-2002,using panel data gravity methods to resolve two way causality.The terms of trade changes implied by these volume effects are deduced for 40 countries plus a rest-of-the-world aggregate using an endowments general equilibrium model. Some countries gain over 5%of real manufacturing income,some lose less than 0.3%. Global efficiency of manufactures trade rises 0.9% based on a distance function measure of iceberg melting.

题目:1990—2002年自由贸易协定的贸易条件和全球效率影响

作者:安德森·詹姆斯,约托·约托夫

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第99卷

摘要:本文对20世纪90年代实施的自由贸易协定(FTA)的贸易效应进行了分析。我们估计自1990年至2002年两个数字制造业产品对双边贸易的影响,使用面板数据引力方法解决两种因果关系。由这些数量效应所表示的贸易变化的条件,是由40个国家及世界其他地区的一般均衡模型所推导出来的。一些国家获得了超过5%的实际制造业收入,有些国家损失不到0.3%。基于对冰山融化的距离函数测量,全球制造业贸易效率提高了0.9%。

39 Title:Trade Liberalization and the Environment:Evidence from NAFTA and U.S.Manufacturing

Author:Jevan Cherniwchan

Periodical:Journal of International Economics

Date:2017,v.105

Abstract:The unobserved responses of individual polluters are often used to rationalize the aggregate effects of international trade on the environment. In this paper,I provide the first evidence of these responses. I estimate the effects of NAFTA on the emissions of particulate matter(PM10)and sulfur dioxide(SO2)from manufacturing plants in the United States. My findings suggest that trade liberalization led to significant reductions of these pollutants at affected plants. On average,nearly two-thirds of the reductions in PM10 and SO2 emissions from the U.S. manufacturing sector between 1994 and 1998 can be attributed to trade liberalization following NAFTA.

题目:贸易自由化和环境:北美自由贸易协定和美国制造业的证据

作者:让·切尔尼

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第105卷

摘要:个人污染者不被注意的反应通常用来解释总国际贸易对环境的影响。在本文中,我提供了这些反应的第一个证据。我估计北美自由贸易协定对美国制造工厂排放的颗粒物(PM10)和二氧化硫(SO2)的影响。我的发现表明,贸易自由化导致这些污染物在受影响的植物中显著减少。平均而言,1994年至1998年期间,美国制造业的PM10和SO2排放量减少了近三分之二,可归因于北美自由贸易协定之后的贸易自由化。

40 Title:A Trade and Welfare Analysis of Tariff Changes Within the TPP

Author:Cheong Juyoung ,Shino Takayama.

Periodical:The BE Journal of Economic Analysis & Policy

Date:2016,v.16,iss.1

Abstract:This paper examines the effects of the Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP)tariff reductions on trade flows and welfare of the TPP members and nonmembers following the Caliendo and Parro(2015)method. We use comprehensive sectoral data on 39 countries and the rest of the world,including those in the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)and the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development(OECD). Our results show that many TPP nonmembers along with the TPP members gain from the TPP tariff reductions,suggesting the existence of a positive externality,with the welfare gains mainly arising from the changes in the terms of trade. Our analysis also shows that the TPP members increase their imports from other TPP members and decrease from non-TPP members,but the trade creation effects exceed the trade diversion effects.Our calibration results under various assumptions of the model emphasize the role of multiple sectors and sectoral linkages in the welfare analysis of the TPP tariff reductions.

题目:TPP中关税变更的贸易和福利分析

作者:张鞠英,高山幸男

期刊:《经济分析与政策杂志》

日期:2016年;第16卷,第1期

摘要:本文依照Caliendo和Parro(2015)的方法探讨了跨太平洋伙伴关系(TPP)关税削减对TPP成员和非成员的贸易流和福利的影响。我们使用关于39个国家和世界其他地区的全面的行业数据,包括东南亚国家联盟(ASEAN)和经济合作与发展组织(OECD)的数据。我们的研究结果显示,许多TPP非会员以及TPP成员从TPP关税削减中获益,表明存在积极的外部性,福利收益主要来自贸易条件的变化。我们的分析还表明,TPP成员从其他TPP成员增加进口,并从非TPP成员减少,但贸易创造效应超过贸易转移效应。我们在模型的各种假设下的校准结果强调了多个部门和部门联系在TPP关税削减的福利分析中的作用。

41 Title:Asean’s Trade and Foreign Direct Investment:Long-term Challenges for Economic Integration

Author:Kawai Masahiro,Kanda Naknoi

Periodical:The Singapore Economic Review

Date:2017,v.62,iss.3

Abstract:This paper explores the long-term challenges for economic integration of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations(ASEAN)through trade and foreign direct investment(FDI). The region has emerged as an important production base for global multinational corporations by joining East Asia’s supply chains. While proceeding to establish the ASEAN Economic Community(AEC)by the end of 2015,ASEAN has also forged five major free trade agreements(FTAs)with its dialogue partners(China,India,Japan,Republic of Korea,and Australia-New Zealand)and is currently negotiating the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership.In addition,four ASEAN member states have completed Trans-Pacific Partnership negotiations.Econometric evidence suggests that(i)trade flows and inward FDI mutually reinforce each other,i.e.,an increase in trade flows stimulates inward FDI and vice versa;(ii)a larger market tends to attract more inward FDI;(iii)FTAs tend to help stimulate inward FDI;and(iv)strong institutions,good physical infrastructure,and low costs of doing business are critical in boosting inward FDI. The paper suggests that in the long run it is ASEAN’s interest to further integrate itself with the rest of Asia and the world(through a Free Trade Area of the Asia-Pacific and an Asia-Europe FTA),while substantially deepening its internal integration(by moving from the AEC to a customs and economic union)and thereby maintaining ASEAN centrality.

题目:东盟的贸易和外国直接投资:经济一体化的长期挑战

作者:河合正弘,坎达·纳科尼

期刊:《新加坡经济评论》

日期:2017年;第62卷,第3期

摘要:本文通过贸易和外国直接投资(FDI)探讨了东南亚国家联盟(东盟)经济一体化的长期挑战。通过加入东亚的供应链,该地区已成为全球跨国公司的重要生产基地。在2015年年底前建立东盟经济共同体(AEC)的同时,东盟还与对话伙伴(中国,印度,日本,大韩民国和澳大利亚—新西兰)建立了5个主要的自由贸易协定(FTAs)目前正在就区域全面经济伙伴关系进行谈判。此外,东盟4个成员国已完成跨太平洋伙伴关系谈判。计量经济学证据表明:(i)贸易流量和对外直接投资流入相互加强,贸易流量的增加会刺激内向外国直接投资,反之亦然;(ii)更大的市场往往吸引更多的对外直接投资流入;(iii)自由贸易协定有助于刺激对外直接投资流入;(iv)强大的机构,良好的物质基础设施和低廉的经营成本对于促进对外直接投资流入至关重要。该报告指出,从长远来看,东盟有兴趣进一步融入亚洲其他国家和地区(通过亚太自由贸易区和亚欧自由贸易区),同时大力深化其内部一体化(从AEC拓展到海关和经济联盟),从而保持东盟的中心地位。

42 Title:How Close is Asia Already to Being a Trade Bloc?

Author:Chunding Li ,John Whalley

Periodical:Journal of Comparative Economics

Date:2017,v.45,issue 4

Abstract:FTA bilateral and regional negotiations in Asia have developed quickly in the past decade moving Asia ever closer to an economic union. This paper uses a fifteen-country global general equilibrium model with trade costs to numerically calculate Debreu distance measures between the present situation and potential full Asia integration in the form of a trade bloc. Our results reveal that these large Asia economies can be close to full integration if they act timely in agreements through negotiation. All Asia countries will gain from Asia trade bloc arrangements except when the Asia FTA can only eliminate tariffs. These countries’gain will increase as bilateral non-tariff elimination deepens.Larger countries will gain more than small countries. Asia FTA,Asia Union and RCEP will benefit member countries more than ASEAN+3.Global free trade will benefit all countries the most.

题目:亚洲距已经成为一个贸易集团有多近?

作者:李春定,约翰·沃利

期刊:《比较经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第45卷,第4期

摘要:亚洲自贸协定的双边和区域谈判在过去十年中迅速发展,使亚洲日益接近经济联盟。本文采用了一个具有贸易成本的15国全球一般均衡模型,以贸易集团的形式计算了当前形势与潜在的全亚洲一体化之间的距离度量。我们的结果显示,如果这些大型亚洲经济体及时通过谈判达成共识,它们就能接近全面一体化。所有亚洲国家都将从亚洲贸易集团的安排中获益,除非亚洲自贸协定只能取消关税。随着双边非关税壁垒的消除,这些国家的收益将会增加。大国比小国获益更多。亚洲自由贸易区、亚洲联盟和RCEP将比东盟+3更有利于成员国。全球自由贸易将惠及所有国家。

43 Title:Modalities for Asean Economic Integration:Retrospect and Going Forward

Author:Siow Yue Chia

Periodical:The Singapore Economic Review

Date:2017,v.62,iss.3

Abstract:The stages and economic effects of economic integration in the theoretical literature draws from the empirical integration experiences in Europe and may not be entirely suited to developing country groupings. Economically,ASEAN comprises largely middle and low income countries with priority on national and economic development,emphasizing attracting investment and technological resources and globally competitiveness. ASEAN and the ASEAN Economic Community(AEC)is characterized as a region with wide geographic expanse,diverse economic development levels and pursuing economic integration led by its leadership rather than the private sector. Economic integration has proceeded on two simultaneous fronts—the market-driven proliferation of regional production networks and value chains and the FTA-driven trade and investment facilitation and liberalization. Economic cooperation and integration has been pursued with increasing intensity since the late 1970s. Much has been achieved as seen in the growing density of movements of goods,services,capital and investments and movements of labor and people well as schemes for closer and deeper cooperation.The still-incomplete AEC will be declared on 31 December 2015. But there is still much“work in progress”. The AEC Blueprint 2025 highlights the priorities for the AEC for the next decade,eschewing deeper integration through customs union(CU)or common market but taking due consideration of the challenges from globalization and digitization and the clarion call for inclusive and sustainable development.

题目:东盟经济一体化的模式:回顾和展望

作者:贾惜跃

期刊:《新加坡经济评论》

日期:2017年,第62卷,第3期

摘要:理论文献中经济一体化的阶段和经济效应借鉴了欧洲的经验整合经验,可能不完全适合发展中国家集团。在经济上,东盟主要由中等收入和低收入国家组成,优先考虑国家和经济发展,强调吸引投资和技术资源和全球竞争力。东盟和东盟经济共同体(AEC)被认为是一个地域广阔、经济发展水平各异、追求经济一体化的地区,这导致其并不是由私营部门主导。经济一体化是在两方面同时进行的,即由市场推动的区域生产网络和价值链的扩散,以及由FTA推动的贸易和投资便利化和自由化。自20世纪70年代末以来,经济合作与一体化的力度越来越大。在商品、服务、资本和投资,以及劳动力和人员流动日益密集的情况下,已经取得了很大的成就,这是更密切和更深层次合作的计划。尚未完成的AEC将于2015年12月31日宣布,但仍有许多“工作正在进行中”。AEC蓝图2025凸显了AEC在未来十年的优先任务,避免通过关税联盟或共同市场进行更深层次的整合,但要充分考虑到全球化和数字化带来的挑战,以及对包容性和可持续发展的呼吁。

44 Title:Reversed Asymmetry in Japan’s and Korea’s FTAs:TPP and Beyond

Author:Choi Byung-il ,Jennifer Sejin Oh

Periodical:Pacific Focus

Date:2017,v.32,iss. 2

Abstract:This paper examines recent reversals and divergences in Japan’s and Korea’s free-trade agreement(FTA)patterns and strategies through the cases of the Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP)negotiations,the Japan-Australia FTA,and the Korea-China FTA. Throughout the 2000s,South Korea was much more proactive in pursuing FTAs with major trade partners and agricultural exporters compared to Japan. Departing from its past FTA practices,however,Japan recently concluded the Japan-Australia FTA and the TPP negotiations,which include substantial liberalization of Japan’s politically sensitive and heavily protected agricultural sector. In contrast,Korea has increasingly been taking a more protective stance in its recent FTAs and has been hesitant to join the TPP negotiations. This paper argues that changes in Japan’s and Korea’s domestic trade governance-in other words the institutions of trade policy-making that encompass the authority structure,decision-making processes,and coordinating mechanisms among various societal and political actors-explain Japan’s and Korea’s shifting FTA patterns and strategies.

题目:反向不对称在日本和韩国的FTAs:TPP及其以外

作者:崔炳良,珍妮佛·塞金

期刊:《太平洋焦点》

日期:2017年;第32卷,第2期

摘要:本文通过跨太平洋伙伴关系(TPP)谈判、日澳自贸协定和中韩自贸协定的案例,考察了日本和韩国自由贸易协定(FTA)模式与策略的近期逆转和分歧。2000年后,韩国在与主要贸易伙伴和农产品出口国建立自由贸易协定方面比日本更积极主动。然而,与过去的自由贸易协定的做法不同,日本最近结束了日澳自贸协定和TPP谈判,其中涉及对日本政治敏感且受到严格保护的农业部门的大量自由化。与此形成鲜明对比的是,韩国在最近的自由贸易协定中采取了越来越多的保护姿态,并一直在犹豫是否要加入TPP谈判。本文认为,日本和韩国的国内贸易治理的变化——换句话说,包括权力结构、决策过程和各种社会和政治角色之间的协调机制的贸易决策机构——解释了日本和韩国不断转变的自由贸易协定模式和战略。

45 Title:The Impact of TPP and RCEP on Tea Exports from Vietnam:the Case of Tariff Elimination and Pesticide Policy Cooperation.

Author:Xiong,Bo

Periodical:Agricultural Economics

Date:2017,v.48,iss.4

Abstract:Regional trade agreements are the dominant arrangement for economic integration. What does a dual membership mean for countries participating in multiple regional negotiations?We address the question from the perspective of tea exporters in Vietnam,a member of both the Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP)and the Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership(RCEP). Focusing on the removal of tariffs and the cooperation on pesticide residue standards,we find that the TPP agreement will raise Vietnam’s tea exports by about $4 million a year if TPP endorses Codex standards. However,Vietnamese tea exports will decline if TPP endorses American standards,unless sufficient technical assistance is provided. After the RCEP agreement takes effect,tea exporters from China and India will further penetrate the TPP markets by reexporting from Vietnam.

题目:TPP和RCEP对越南茶叶出口的影响:消除关税和农药政策合作

作者:熊博

期刊:《农业经济学》

日期:2017年;第48卷,第4期

摘要:区域贸易协定是经济一体化的主要安排。对于参与多个区域谈判的国家来说,双重身份意味着什么?我们从越南茶叶出口商的角度来解决这个问题,越南是跨太平洋伙伴关系(TPP)和区域全面经济伙伴关系(RCEP)的成员。我们把重点放在取消关税和在农药残留标准上的合作,我们发现,如果TPP支持Codex标准,TPP协定将使越南的茶叶出口每年增加约400万美元。然而,如果TPP赞同美国的标准,越南茶叶出口将会下降,除非提供足够的技术援助。RCEP协议生效后,来自中国和印度的茶叶出口商将从越南再出口,进一步渗透到TPP市场。

46 Title: Policy Uncertainty,Trade,and Welfare: Theory and Evidence for China and the United States

Author: Kyle Handley and Nuno Limão

Periodical: American Economic Review

Date: 2017,v. 107,iss. 9

Abstract: We examine the impact of policy uncertainty on trade,prices,and real income through firm entry investments in general equilibrium. We estimate and quantify the impact of trade policy on China’s export boom to the United States following its 2001 WTO accession. We find the accession reduced the US threat of a trade war,which can account for over one-third of that export growth in the period 2000- 2005. Reduced policy uncertainty lowered US prices and increased its consumers’ income by the equivalent of a 13-percentage-point permanent tariff decrease. These findings provide evidence of large effects of policy uncertainty on economic activity and the importance of agreements for reducing it.

题目:政策不确定性、贸易和福利:中美关系的理论和证据

作者:凯尔·汉德利,努诺·利莫

期刊:《美国经济研究》

日期:2017年;第107卷,第9期

摘要:我们在一般均衡的企业准入投资情况下,研究政策不确定性对贸易、价格和实际收入的影响。我们估算了中国于2001年加入世贸组织后,贸易政策如何造就了中国对美国出口的繁荣。研究发现入世降低了美国贸易战的威胁,2000—2005年期间出口增长的三分之一归功于此。政策不确定性的降低使美国物价下降、消费者收入得到增加,这相当于13%的永久性关税减免。上述发现为政策不确定性显著影响经济表现提供了证据,也为减少不确定性政策的贸易协定提供了政策依据。

47 Title: Bilateral Trade and Shocks in Political Relations: Evidence from China and Some of Its Major Trading Partners,1990-2013

Author: Yingxin Du,Jiandong Ju Carlos D. Ramirez,XiYao

Periodical: Journal of International Economics

Date: 2017,v. 108,iss. 7

Abstract: An extensive number of studies investigate the effects of political relations on trade by estimating a gravity model using annual (or quarterly) data.We argue that the use of low-frequency data introduces an aggregation bias because the cycle of moderate political shocks is much shorter (measured in weeks). Using monthly data from 1990 through 2013 for China,we estimate a model of political relations and conclude that political shocks are short-lived. Narrative evidence from two case studies illustrates the transitory nature of these shocks. A VAR model shows that although political shocks influence exports to China,the effects largely vanish within two months. A comparison of the monthly-and annual-frequency gravity equation regressions illustrates the effects of temporal aggregation.

题目:双边贸易和来自政治关系的冲击:中国及其主要贸易伙伴的证据,1990—2013年

作者:杜迎欣,鞠健东,卡洛斯·D.拉米雷斯,姚溪

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第108卷,第7期

摘要:大量的研究通过使用年度(或季度)数据的引力模型来研究政治关系对贸易的影响。本文认为,使用低频数据会产生一个集中偏差,即温和的政治冲击周期要短得多(以周为单位)。利用中国1990年至2013年的月度数据,本文通过估计一种政治关系模型发现政治冲击效应短暂,并且通过两个案例描述性研究说明了其短暂性。VAR模型的结果显示,尽管政治冲击影响了对中国的出口,但该影响在两个月内基本消失。通过与月、年频率的引力方程回归的比较也论证了时间集中的效应。

48 Title: Does Political Conflict Hurt Trade? Evidence from Consumer Boycotts

Author: Kilian Heilmann

Periodical: Journal of International Economics

Date: 2016,v. 99,iss. 3

Abstract: I estimate the impact of international conflict on bilateral trade relations using several incidents of politically motivated boycotts: The boycott of Danish goods by Muslim countries following the Muhammad Comic Crisis in 2005/2006,the Chinese boycott of Japanese goods in response to the Diaoyu Island conflict in 2012,the boycott of French products in the US over the Iraq War in 2003,and Turkey’s boycott of Israel over the Gaza conflict in 2014. The results from difference-in-differences regressions and the synthetic control group method show that boycotts can have strong negative effects on bilateral trade in both goods and services. I estimate an average one-year trade disruption of 18.8% in the case of Denmark,2.7% for Japan,and 1.7% for French imports,where in the latter two cases this effect is only short term. For all boycott instances,this is only a minor share of overall exports of the boycotted country over the same period. For the Iraq and Gaza conflicts,there is a reciprocal negative effect on the boycotted countries’imports from the boycotter. Product-level results are in line with intuition: Boycotts are most effective for consumer goods,especially highly-branded signature export goods such as Japanese cars,while having at most a temporary effect on intermediates and capital goods. An event study on Japanese stock market returns suggests that the Chinese boycott depressed stock values of explicitly boycotted Japanese firms only temporarily.

题目:政治冲突会有伤贸易吗?来自消费者抵制的证据

作者:基利安·海尔曼

期刊:《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第99卷,第3期

摘要:本文用几起出于政治动机的抵制事件来估计国际冲突对双边贸易关系的影响:穆斯林国家在2005/2006年穆罕默德漫画危机之后对丹麦商品的抵制,2012年钓鱼岛冲突后中国抵制日货,2003年美国因伊拉克战争而抵制法国产品,2014年土耳其因加沙冲突而抵制以色列。双重差分回归和综合控制组方法的研究表明,抵制对双边商品和服务贸易都有很强的负面影响。估计丹麦一年的平均贸易中断量为18.8%,日本为2.7%,法国为1.7%,后两种情况的影响仅仅是短期的。在所有抵制事件中,这只是被抵制国家同期出口总额的很小部分。对于伊拉克和加沙冲突来说,被抵制国从抵制国进口的产品会产生相互的负效应。产品层面的研究结果与直觉相符:抵制对消费品,尤其是日本汽车等名牌出口商品效果最明显,而对中间产品和资本产品的影响至多只是暂时的。关于日本股市回报的案例研究表明,中国的抵制明显使日本公司的股票市值暂时性下降。

49 Title: Globalization,Markups,and US Welfare

Author: Robert C. Feenstra,David E. Weinstein

Periodical: Journal of Political Economy

Date: 2017,v. 126,iss. 2

Abstract: This paper estimates the impact of globalization on markups,and the effect of changing markups on US welfare,in a monopolistic competition model. We work with symmetric translog preferences,which allow for endogenous markups and firm entry and exit,thereby changing product variety. We find that between 1992 and 2005,US import shares rose and US firms exited,leading to an implied fall in markups,while variety went up because of imports. US welfare rose by nearly 1 percent as a result of these changes,with product variety contributing one half of that total and declining markups the other half.

题目:全球化、物价上涨和美国福利

作者:罗伯特·芬斯特拉,大卫·温斯坦

期刊:《政治经济学》

日期:2017年;第126卷,第2期

摘要:本文估计全球化对物价上涨的影响,以及在垄断竞争模型下,物价上涨的变化对美国福利的影响。采用对称的超对数偏好,它将物价上涨和企业的进入退出内生化,从而改变产品多样性。研究发现,1992年至2005年期间,美国进口份额上升,美国公司退出,导致物价下降,而进口商品的种类则出现上升。由于上述变化,美国的福利增长了近1%,这一半归功于产品种类的上升,另一半得益于物价的下降。

50 Title: How Would Bilateral Trade Retaliation Affect China?

Author: Chunding Li

Periodical: Journal of Political Economy

Date: 2017,v. 126,iss. 2

Abstract: China is a large trade surplus country and could potentially become involved in bilateral trade retaliation. This paper uses a numerical simulation method to empirically explore how Chinese involvement in bilateral trade retaliation could affect both China and other countries. We analyze four different country groupings using scenario solutions of numerical global general equilibrium models to simulate trade retaliation equilibria and calculate their impacts. Our simulation results suggest that China will be hurt by trade retaliation sequences with other countries,but impacts depend on who is involved. Trade retaliation with large countries and major trade partners will hurt China more.

题目:双边贸易报复将如何影响中国?

作者:李春顶

期刊:《政治经济学》

日期:2017年;第126卷,第3期

摘要:中国是一个贸易顺差大国,因此容易卷入双边贸易报复。本文采用数值模拟方法,对双边贸易报复可能对中国和其他国家产生的影响进行了实证研究。我们利用数值全球一般均衡模型的情景解来分析四种不同的国家分组,以模拟贸易报复均衡,并计算它们的影响。模拟结果表明,中国将受到与其他国家的贸易报复的损害,但影响取决于谁是报复的参与国。大国和主要贸易伙伴的贸易报复会对中国造成更大的伤害。

51 Title: Differences in the Determinants and Targeting of Antidumping:China and India Compared

Author: Ning Meng,Chris Milner & Huasheng Song

Periodical: Applied Economics

Date: 2016,v.48,iss. 3

Abstract: Despite both being developing countries,China and India have markedly contrasting patterns in their use and targeting of antidumping(AD) measures. We explore the factors driving AD use by these two countries,considering in turn macroeconomic,strategic and other determinants. We find more regular or systematic features of AD use by China,while India displays a less systematic pattern of AD use. Economic growth,AD club effect and free trade agreement participation are shown to constrain AD use by China. Compared to India,AD use by China is also more sensitive across industries. Furthermore,China targets developed countries more than developing countries,while India is less discriminating with respect to the country type it targets.

题目:反倾销决定因素和目标的差异:中国和印度比较

作者:孟宁,克里斯·米尔纳,宋华盛

期刊:《应用经济学》

日期:2016年;第48卷,第3期

摘要:尽管中国和印度都是发展中国家,但它们在反倾销措施的使用和目标设置上有着明显的差异。我们探讨了推动这两个国家反倾销使用的因素,进而考虑到宏观经济、战略和其他决定因素。我们发现中国的反倾销实施更有规律或系统性,而印度的反倾销实施模式则不那么系统化。本文证明中国的反倾销使用受到经济增长、反倾销俱乐部效应和自由贸易协定的参与的限制。与印度相比,中国在各个行业的反倾销实施也更为敏感。此外,与发展中国家相比,中国对发达国家的实施反倾销次数更多,而印度对其反倾销目标国家类型并无差异。

52 Title: Assessing the Gains and Vulnerability of Free Trade: A Counterfactual Analysis of Macau

Author: Hua Yin,Zaichao Du,Lin Zhang

Periodical: Economic Modelling

Date: 2017,v.70,iss. 4

Abstract: Free trade can generate macroeconomic gains but also vulnerability to external shocks for a highly-specialized economy. To test this hypothesis,we evaluate the effects of Mainland-Macau Closer Economic Partnership Arrangement(CEPA) on Macau’s real GDP growth rate and its volatility,as well as the costs of exposure to the anti-corruption campaign from mainland China using a counterfactual analysis. Counterfactuals of Macau are constructed by exploiting the inter-dependence among different economic entities and the optimal control group is selected with a leave-nv-out cross-validation method. Our results support the hypothesis. CEPA raised the annual real GDP growth rate of Macau by 20.76% from 2004 to 2007,meanwhile it increased the volatility of real GDP growth rate by 35%,and the anti-corruption campaign reduced the annual real GDP growth rate by 17.54% from 2013 to 2016. Our findings imply that free trade could be a doubleedged sword for a small and highly specialized economy and the gains of free trade can be enlarged by reducing its vulnerability.

题目:评估自由贸易的收益和脆弱性:对澳门的反事实分析

作者:尹华,杜载超,张林

期刊:《经济建模》

日期:2017年;第70卷,第4期

摘要:自由贸易可以为高度专业化的经济体带来宏观经济收益,但也使其容易受到外部冲击的伤害。为了验证这一假设,我们利用反事实分析方法,评估《内地与澳门关于建立更紧密经贸关系的安排》(CEPA)对澳门实际国内生产总值(GDP)增长率及其波动性的影响,以及内地反腐行动造成的成本。利用不同经济实体之间的相互依赖关系构造澳门的反事实,采用离散交叉验证方法选择最优控制组,结果支持了这一假设。CEPA将澳门2004年至2007年的年均实际GDP增长率提高了20.76%,同时实际GDP增长率的波动性增加了35%,反腐运动降低2013年至2016年澳门年度实际GDP增长率17.54个百分点。我们的研究结果表明,自由贸易对于一个小型和高度专业化的经济体来说可能是一把双刃剑,通过减少其脆弱性,可以扩大自由贸易的收益。

53 Title: Impact of Mega Trade Deals on China: A Computational General Equilibrium Analysis

Author: Chunding Li,JingWang,John Whalley

Periodical: Economic Modelling

Date: 2016,v.57,iss. 9

Abstract: This paper explores the potential impacts on both China and other major countries ofpossible mega trade deals. We use a 13-country computational general equilibrium model with trade costs to investigate both tariff and non-tariff reduction effects. Simulation results reveal that China-Trans-Pacific Partnership(TPP) and Regional Comprehensive Economic Partnership (RCEP) will yield the highest welfare outcomes for China. For the US,China-TPP FTA will generate the highest welfare outcome. For the European Union,all China involved mega deals have negative impacts except China-US FTA. For Japan,RCEP will generate the highest welfare outcome. For both Korea and India,RCEP will generate the highest welfare outcome.

题目:超大贸易协定对中国的影响:可计算一般均衡分析

作者:李春顶,王京,约翰·沃雷

期刊:《经济建模》

日期:2016年;第57卷,第9期

摘要:本文探讨了可能达成的超大贸易协定对中国和其他主要国家的潜在影响。我们使用13国加入贸易成本的可计算一般均衡模型来研究关税和非关税削减效应。仿真结果表明,跨太平洋伙伴关系(TPP)和区域全面经济伙伴关系(RCEP)将对中国产生最高的福利成果。对美国而言,中国— TPP协定将产生最高的福利成果。对于欧盟来说,除了中美自贸协定外,所有中国参与的超大贸易协定都有负面影响。对日本而言,RCEP将产生最高的福利结果。对于韩国和印度来说,RCEP也将产生最高的福利成果。

54 Title: Trade-related Spillovers and Industrial Competitiveness: Exploring the Linkages for OECD Countries

Author: Yir-Hueih Luh,Wun-Ji Jiang,Szu-Chi Huang

Periodical: Economic Modelling

Date: 2016,v.54,iss. 4

Abstract: This study examines how trade-related spillovers impact the OECD countries’ industrial competitiveness; with an emphasis on China’s innovative efforts and reintegration into the global economy. In comparison with the major R&D countries,benefits attributable to spillovers are found to be more sizable for the rest of the OECD countries. This result is consistent with the observed convergence of competitiveness between the two groups of countries during 1990-2009. Moreover,our empirical results suggest China’s trade-related spillovers can produce both positive and negative effects on OECD countries’ industrial competitiveness. The persistence of the spillover effects is found even after controlling for trade openness creating possible spurious association. Finally,our finding TFP growth as the competitiveness driver stresses the consequential role of STI (science,technology,and innovation) policies in supporting sustainable and balanced growth.

题目:与贸易相关的溢出效应和工业竞争力:探索经合组织国家之间的联系

作者:陆怡蕙,江无极,黄苏志

期刊:《经济建模》

日期:2016年;第54卷,第4期

摘要:这项研究以中国的创新努力和融入全球经济为重点,考察了与贸易相关的溢出效应如何影响OECD国家的工业竞争力。与主要的研发国家相比,经济合作与发展组织(OECD)其他国家的溢出效应带来的好处更为可观。这一结果与1990—2009年两个国家集团之间竞争力的趋同事实相一致。此外,我们的实证结果表明,中国与贸易相关的溢出效应对OECD国家的工业竞争力既有正面也有负面的影响。即使是在控制了贸易开放这一可能产生伪相关性的变量之后,溢出效应也持续存在。最后,我们发现TFP增长是竞争力的驱动因素,从而科学、技术和创新政策在支持可持续和平衡增长方面发挥了重要作用。

55 Title: Global Imbalances and Structural Change in the United States

Author: Timothy J. Kehoe,Kim J. Ruhl,Joseph B. Steinberg

Periodical: Journal of Political Economy

Date: 2017,v.126,iss. 2

Abstract: Since the early 1990s,as the United States borrowed heavily from the rest of the world,employment in the US goods-producing sector has fallen. We construct a dynamic general equilibrium model with several mechanisms that could generate declining goods-sector employment: foreign borrowing,nonhomothetic preferences,and differential productivity growth across sectors. We find that only 15.1 percent of the decline in goods-sector employment from 1992 to 2012 stems from US trade deficits; most of the decline is due to differential productivity growth. As the United States repays its debt,its trade balance will reverse,but goods-sector employment will continue to fall.

题目:全球失衡和美国的结构性变化

作者:蒂莫西·凯赫,金正日·鲁尔,约瑟夫·斯坦伯格

期刊:《政治经济学》

日期:2017年;第126卷,第2期

摘要:20世纪90年代初,由于美国向世界其他地区大举借债,美国制造业的就业人数有所下降。我们构建了一个动态一般均衡模型,该模型包含几种可能导致商品部门就业下降的机制:向国外借贷,非同质偏好,以及不同部门的生产率增长差异。我们发现,1992年至2012年,商品部门就业下降中,只有15.1%来自美国的贸易赤字;下降的主要原因是生产率的差异。随着美国偿还债务,其贸易平衡将逆转,但商品部门的就业将继续下降。

56 Title: Does Environmental Regulation Drive Away Inbound Foreign Direct Investment?

Author: Cai X,Lu Y,Wu M,and Yu L

Periodical: Journal of Development Economics

Date: 2016,v.123

Abstract: This paper investigates whether environmental regulation affects inbound foreign direct investment. The identification uses the Two Control Zones(TCZ) policy implemented by the Chinese government in 1998,in which tougher environmental regulations were imposed in TCZ cities but not others.Our difference-in-difference-in-differences estimation explores three-dimension variations; specifically,city (i.e.,TCZ versus non-TCZ cities),industry (i.e.,more polluting industries relative to less polluting ones),and year (i.e.,before and after the TCZ policy). We find that tougher environmental regulation leads to less foreign direct investment. Meanwhile,we find that foreign multinationals from countries with better environmental protections than China are insensitive to the toughening environmental regulation,while those from countries with worse environmental protections than China show strong negative responses.

题目: 环境监管是否会赶走外商直接投资?

作者: 蔡熙乾,陆毅,吴明琴,余林徽

期刊: 《发展经济学杂志》

日期:2017年;第123卷

摘要:本文研究环境监管是否影响入境外国直接投资。文章识别采用了中国政府于1998年实施的两控区(TCZ)政策,在 TCZ城市实施了更严格的环境法规,而其他城市则没有。 我们使用三重差分法估计了三个维度的变化;即城市(TCZ与非TCZ城市),工业(污染较少的行业相对于污染较少的行业)和年份(TCZ政策之前和之后)。 我们发现更严格的环境监管导致外国直接投资减少。 同时,我们发现来自环境保护程度高于中国的外国跨国公司对环境监管越来越不敏感,而环境保护程度低于中国的国家则表现出强烈的负面反应。

57 Title: Product Sophistication and Spillovers from Foreign Direct Investment

Author: Eck,Katharina; Huber,Stephan

Periodical: Canadian Journal of Economics

Date: 2016,v.49,iss.4

Abstract: Foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries is often associated with higher economic growth due to knowledge and technology spillovers to local firms. One way that FDI speeds up growth is by facilitating the manufacturing of more sophisticated products by local firms. So far,there is a lack of firm-level evidence how the presence of multinational firms affects the product sophistication of firms in a developing country. The aim of this paper is to fill this gap. We compile an extensive firmproduct-level data set of Indian manufacturing firms,which we complement with information on product sophistication and spillovers from FDI. We then explore different channels through which spillovers from multinationals to local Indian firms foster the manufacturing of sophisticated products. We find evidence that spillovers through supplier linkages strongly increase the manufacturing of sophisticated products in India.

题目: 产品的复杂性和外国直接投资的溢出效应

作者: 埃克·卡塔琳娜,胡伯·斯蒂芬

期刊: 《加拿大经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第49卷,第4期

摘要:由于对当地公司的知识和技术溢出效应,发展中国家的外国直接投资(FDI)往往与较高的经济增长有关。 外国直接投资加速增长的一种方式是促进当地公司生产更复杂的产品。 到目前为止,缺乏公司层面的证据证明跨国公司的存在如何影响发展中国家公司的产品复杂性。 本文的目的是填补这一空白。 我们编制了一份印度制造企业的广泛的产品级数据集,我们补充了有关产品复杂性和外国直接投资溢出效应的信息。 然后,我们探索不同的渠道,通过这些渠道,跨国公司向当地印度公司的溢出效应促进了复杂产品的制造。 我们发现,通过供应商的溢出效应大大增加了印度复杂产品的制造。

58 Title: Exchange Rate Regimes and FDI in Developing Countries: A Propensity Score Matching Approach

Author: David O. Cushman, Glauco De Vita

Periodical: Journal of International Money and Finance

Date: 2017,v.77

Abstract: Theory suggests that regimes of relatively fixed exchange rates encourage inward foreign direct investment (FDI) relative to regimes of more flexible exchange rates. We use propensity score matching (PSM) to investigate the relationship between the exchange rate regimes of 70 developing countries and FDI into such countries using de facto regime classifications. We include a large number of variables in the logit equation that estimates the propensity score,the probability of regime choice. We also use general-to-specific modeling to get alternative,parsimonious versions. Based on four matching procedures,the average treatment effects suggest,with overall modest statistical significance,that relatively fixed de facto regimes do encourage FDI compared with relatively floating regimes. In addition,the estimated effects are sometimes economically large.

题目:发展中国家的汇率制度和外国直接投资:倾向得分匹配方法

作者:大卫·奥·库什曼,格劳科·德·维塔

期刊: 《国际货币与金融杂志》

日期:2017年;第77 卷

摘要:理论认为,相对固定的汇率制度相对于更灵活的汇率制度,更加能够鼓励外国直接投资(FDI)。我们使用倾向得分匹配(PSM)来调查70个发展中国家的汇率制度与进入这些国家的外国直接投资之间的关系。我们在Logit方程中包含大量变量,用于估计倾向得分,即制度选择的概率。我们还使用从一般到特殊的建模方法来获得可替代的、简约的版本。基于四个匹配程序,平均处理效应表明,相对固定的制度与相对浮动的制度相比,确实更加鼓励外国直接投资。该结论具有总体适度的统计显著性。

59 Title: The Welfare Effect of a Free Trade Agreement in the Presence of Foreign Direct Investment and Rules of Origin

Author: Hiroshi Mukunoki

Periodical: Review of International Economics

Date: 2017,v. 25,iss.4

Abstract: This paper investigates the welfare effect of forming a free trade agreement (FTA). To receive tariff-free treatment,firms must comply with the rules of origin (ROO). Outside firms could undertake either market-oriented or export-platform foreign direct investments (FDIs). ROO have the following effects: (i) An infeasible FTA may become feasible by deterring outside firms’FDIs,(ii) an FDI of a less efficient firm could replace that of an efficient firm,or(iii) FDIs made before the FTA is concluded might be eliminated. These potential effects complicate the welfare effect of the FTA and could decrease the consumer surplus.

题目: 自由贸易协定的福利效应

作者:椋寬

期刊: 《国际经济学评论》

日期:2017年;第25 卷,第4期

摘要:本文研究了形成自由贸易协定(FTA)的福利效应。 要获得免税待遇,公司必须遵守原产地规则(ROO)。 外部公司可以进行市场导向或出口平台的外国直接投资(FDI)。 ROO具有以下效果:(i)通过阻止外部公司的外国直接投资,不可行的自由贸易协定可能变得可行;(ii)效率较低的公司的外国直接投资可以取代有效公司的外国直接投资,或(iii)自由贸易协定之前的外国直接投资可能会被淘汰。这些潜在影响使自由贸易协定的福利效应复杂化,并可能减少消费者剩余。

60 Title: Technology Transfer and Spillovers from FDI in Transition Economies:A meta-analysis

Author: Ichiro Iwasaki,Masahiro Tokunaga

Periodical: Journal of Comparative Economics

Date: 2016,v.44

Abstract: In this paper,we conduct a meta-analysis of the literature that empirically examines the microeconomic impacts of foreign direct investment (FDI)in Central and Eastern Europe and the former Soviet Union. The meta-synthesis of estimates collected from relevant studies shows that both the effect size and the statistical significance of the indirect effect of FDI,namely the productivity spillover effect,are obviously lower than those of the direct effect caused by foreign participation in company management through ownership. Moreover,the meta-regression analysis reveals that,probably due to the presence of publication selection bias,previous studies have not yet provided empirical evidence of a nonzero productivity spillover effect in the region. Further research efforts are required to capture the true effect.

题目: 转型经济体外国直接投资的技术转移和溢出效应:荟萃分析

作者: 井田一郎,雅宏德永

期刊: 《比较经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第44 卷

摘要:在本文中,我们对文献进行了荟萃分析,实证检验了外国直接投资(FDI)在中欧和东欧,以及前苏联的微观经济影响。 从相关研究中收集的估计的荟萃综合表明,外国直接投资间接影响的规模效应和统计显著性,即生产率溢出效应,明显低于外国人通过所有权参与公司管理所带来的直接影响。 此外,元回归分析显示,可能由于出版物选择偏差的存在,以前的研究尚未提供该地区非零生产率溢出效应的经验证据,需要进一步的研究才能捕捉到真正的效果。

61 Title:Capital Flows and GDP in Emerging Economies and the Role of Global Spillovers

Author: Joscha Beckmann,Robert Czudaj

Periodical: Journal of Economic Behavior and Organization

Date: 2017,v.142,iss. 2

Abstract: This paper provides a global analysis of capital flow impacts on GDP for selected emerging economies. As additional control variables,we also include currency reserves and effective exchange rates in our analysis. We distinguish between gross and net capital flows and also assess the impact of both FDI and portfolio flows. Accounting for the fact that common factors have been the main drivers of capital flows while country-specific determinants (“pull” factors) drive the response to such shocks,we analyze shocks to country groups but consider country-specific responses based on a Bayesian time-varying panel VAR framework in the spirit of Canova and Ciccarelli (2009). Based on a sample of 24 economies,our results show a robust positive effect of capital flows on GDP. Except for Korea,both gross and net capital flows display a positive impact for around two quarters.The impact of effective exchange rates on GDP hardly offers an explanation for a possible transmission of capital flow effects with effective depreciations both positively and negatively linked to GDP. We also find that the effect of net portfolio flows is even more positive compared to net FDI flows for emerging economies.Finally,we provide evidence that the importance of global factors increases in times of crises.

题目:新兴经济体的资本流动和GDP以及全球溢出效应的作用

作者: 乔斯查·贝克曼,罗伯特·科萨德

期刊:《经济行为与组织杂志》

日期:2017年;第142卷,第2期

摘要:本文对选定新兴经济体的资本流动对GDP的影响进行了全球分析。作为额外的控制变量,我们还在分析中包括了货币储备和有效汇率。我们区分资本流动总额和净资本流动,并评估外国直接投资和投资组合流动的影响。考虑到共同因素是资本流动的主要驱动因素,而国家特定决定因素(“拉动”因素)推动了对此类冲击的反应,我们分析了对国家组的冲击,但考虑了基于贝叶斯时变面板VAR框架的国家特定响应。根据24个经济体的样本,我们的结果显示资本流动对GDP的强劲积极影响。除韩国外,总资本流动和净资本流动均显示出约两个季度的正面影响。有效汇率对GDP的影响几乎不能解释资本流动影响的可能传导。我们还发现,与新兴经济体的净外国直接投资流量相比,净投资组合流量的影响更为积极。最后,我们提供证据表明全球因素在危机时期的重要性增加。

62 Title: Multinational Investments and Product Sophistication.

Author: Tannista Banerjee,Arnab Nayak

Periodical: Economics Letters

Date: 2017,v.161

Abstract: In this paper,we show evidence that increasing per capita stocks of foreign direct investment has a significant positive effect on the quality of exports of developing countries. To study the quality variations,we use two recently developed panels of cross-country quality indexes by Feenstra and Romalis (2014)and Hallak and Schott (2011),as well as the traditional method of looking at the variations of U.S. import prices from 135 countries for the period 1989-2004.A positive and significant effect of per capita FDI stocks on host country export quality is noted for the developing nations using all these methods. The study has important policy implications for developing countries,showing that accumulating foreign direct investment has enabled many developing countries in the last two decades to improve their export sophistication,as demonstrated by Hallak and Schott (2011).

题目: 跨国投资和产品成熟度

作者:泰尼斯塔·班纳吉,阿纳布·纳亚克

期刊: 《经济学快报》

日期:2017年;第161卷

摘要:在本文中,我们证明了人均外国直接投资存量的增加对发展中国家的出口质量产生了显著的积极影响。为了研究质量变化,我们使用了Feenstra和Romalis(2014),以及Hallak和Schott(2011)最近开发的两个跨国质量指标小组,以及查看1989年至2004年期间135个国家的美国进口价格变化情况的传统方法。从使用所有这些方法的发展中国家可以看到人均外国直接投资存量对东道国出口质量的积极和显著影响。该研究对发展中国家具有重要的政策影响,表明积累的外国直接投资使许多发展中国家在过去20年中能够提高其出口成熟度,正如Hallak和Schott(2011)所证明的那样。

63 Title: Does FDI Influence Renewable Energy Consumption? An Analysis of Sectoral FDI Impact on Renewable and Non-renewable Industrial Energy Consumption

Author: Nadia Doytch,Seema Narayan

Periodical: Energy Economics

Date: 2016,v.54

Abstract: This study examines the link between foreign direct investment(FDI) and energy demand. FDI is a source of financing that allows businesses to grow. At the same time,FDI can be a source of innovation that promotes energy efficiency. Existing evidence on the impact of aggregate FDI inflows on energy consumption is scarce and inconclusive. In the current study,we disaggregate FDI inflows into mining,manufacturing,total services,and financial services components and examine the impact of these FDI flows on renewable-and nonrenewable industrial energy-sources for 74 countries for the period 1985-2012.We employ a Blundell-Bond dynamic panel estimator to control for endogeneity and omitted variable biases in our panels. The results point broadly to an energy consumption-reducing effect with respect to non-renewable sources of energy and an energy consumption-augmenting effects with respect to renewable energy. We find that these effects vary in magnitude and significance by sectoral FDI.

题目: FDI会影响可再生能源消耗吗? 分析部门外国直接投资对可再生和不可再生工业能源消费的影响

作者:纳迪亚·多塔弛,塞玛·那罗延

期刊: 《能源经济学》

日期:2016年;第54卷

摘要:本研究考察了外国直接投资(FDI)与能源需求之间的联系。外国直接投资是一种允许企业发展的融资来源。与此同时,外国直接投资可以成为促进能源效率的创新源泉。关于外国直接投资总流入对能源消费的影响的现有证据很少且不确定。在目前的研究中,我们将外国直接投资流入分为采矿业,制造业,总服务业和金融服务业,并审查这些外国直接投资流量对1985—2012年期间74个国家的可再生能源和不可再生工业能源的影响。我们采用Blundell-Bond动态面板估算器来控制内生性,并在我们的面板中省略了可变偏差。结果广泛地指出了相对于不可再生能源的能量消耗减少效应和对可再生能源的能量消耗增加效应。我们发现这些影响的程度和重要性因行业而异。

64 Title: Microeconomic Mechanisms Behind Export Spillovers from FDI:Evidence from Bulgaria

Author: Andrea Ciani,Michele Imbruno

Periodical: Review of World Economics

Date: 2017,v.153,iss.4

Abstract: This paper studies how the presence of multinational enterprises affects the export performance of Bulgarian manufacturing firms - Export spillovers from FDI. Using export data at the firm/product/destination level for the period 2004-2006,we find positive forward spillover on export value and quantity,related to quality upgrading. Conversely,we find negative (or insignificant)backward and horizontal spillover on export flows,related to quality downgrading. When aggregating data at the firm level and considering that a firm can operate in several sectors,we show that the presence of foreign input suppliers allows domestic firms to export additional varieties of lower quality and upgrade the average quality of existing varieties,whereas the presence of foreign customers generates the opposite effect.

题目:外国直接投资出口溢出背后的微观经济机制:来自保加利亚的证据

作者: 安德里亚·希阿尼,米歇尔·英布鲁诺

期刊: 《世界经济学评论》

日期:2017年;第153卷,第4期

摘要:本文研究了跨国企业的存在如何影响保加利亚制造企业的出口业绩—外商直接投资的出口溢出效应。利用2004—2006年期间企业/产品/目的地层面的出口数据,我们发现出口价值和数量的正向溢出效应与质量升级有关。相反,我们发现出口流量的负面(或微不足道)向后和横向溢出,与质量下降有关。当在公司层面汇总数据并考虑到公司可以在多个部门运营时,我们发现外国投入供应商的存在允许国内公司出口更低质量的其他品种并提高现有品种的平均质量,而存在外国客户产生相反的效果。

65 Title: The Internationalization Process of Firms: From Exports to FDI

Author: Conconi,Paola; Sapir,André;Zanardi,Maurizio

Periodical: Journal of International Economics

Date: 2016,v.99

Abstract: We describe a simple model in which domestic firms decide whether to serve a foreign market through exports or horizontal foreign direct investment(FDI). This choice involves a trade-off between the higher variable trade costs associated with exports and the higher fixed set-up costs associated with establishing foreign subsidiaries. Crucially,firms are uncertain about their profitability in foreign markets and can only learn it by operating there. To obtain market-specific knowledge,firms may follow an “internationalization process”,serving the foreign market via exports first and eventually,in some cases,switching to local subsidiary sales. To assess the validity of the predictions of our model,we use firm-level data on export and FDI decisions in individual destination markets for all companies registered in Belgium over the period 1997-2008. We show that firms’ strategies to serve foreign markets depend not only on the variable and fixed costs associated with exports and FDI,but also on the export experience they have acquired in that market.

题目:企业的国际化进程:从出口到外国直接投资

作者:康科尼·帕乌拉,萨皮尔·安德烈,扎纳尔迪·毛里齐奥

期刊: 《国际经济学杂志》

日期:2016年;第99卷

摘要:我们描述了一个简单的模型,由国内公司决定是通过出口还是FDI服务于国外市场。这种选择需要在出口产生较高可变贸易成本与建立外国子公司存在较高固定成本之间进行权衡。至关重要的是,企业不确定其在国外市场的盈利能力,只能通过在那里经营来学习。为了获得市场特定的知识,企业可以遵循“国际化进程”,首先通过出口服务于国外市场,并最终在某些情况下转向本地子公司销售。为了评估我们模型预测的有效性,我们使用1997 — 2008年期间在比利时注册的所有公司,包括单个目的地市场的出口和外国直接投资决策的公司级数据。研究表明,企业服务国外市场的战略不仅取决于与出口和外国直接投资相关的可变和固定成本,还取决于他们在该市场获得的出口经验。

【注释】

[1]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金面上项目(71173238、71473272)、教育部新世纪创新人才支持计划(NCET-111-0746)和中南财经政法大学青年教师创新项目(2014022)的阶段性成果;【作者简介】钱学锋、王备:中南财经政法大学工商管理学院。

[2]【 基金项目】教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目(12YJC790151) 、国家社会科学基金一般项目(15BJY005) 、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(NKZXB1429) 及南开大学人文社会科学青年教师研究启动项目(63172011);
【作者简介】彭支伟、张伯伟: 南开大学国际经济贸易系中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心。

[3]【 基金项目】国家自然科学基金面上项目(71473217); 教育部“新世纪优秀人才支持计划”资助项目(NCET-12-0496)、教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(14YJA790038)的资助; 浙江省哲学社会科学重点项目(14JDQY01Z);
【作者简介】马述忠:浙江大学区域经济开放与发展研究中心;吴国杰(通讯作者):浙江大学区域经济开放与发展研究中心。

[4]【 基金项目】中国博士后科学基金资助项目“中国参与全球价值链的经济收益与环境成本研究”(2016M591373)的阶段性研究成果; 国家社科基金重大项目“气候变化与国际贸易问题研究”(13&ZD167); 国家自然科学基金面上项目“国际贸易的碳排放区域转移效应评估、形成机理及中国的碳排放责任研究”(71373218)的资助
【作者简介】张文城: 南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所;盛斌:南开大学国际经济研究所。

[5]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国贸易增值分解与国内价值链延伸”的资助;
【作者简介】尹斯斯:清华大学经济管理学院;杨连星:华东师范大学经济与管理学部经济学院;孔令熠:中国人民大学商学院;高云舒:中国人民大学经济学院。

[6]【基金项目】中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(JUSRP11762); 教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目(16YJA790013)的资助;
【作者简介】岳文: 江南大学商学院;韩剑(通讯作者) : 南京大学经济学院。

[7]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目“扩大我国服务业对外开放的路径与战略研究”(14ZDA084); 国家自然科学基金项目“基于双区域OLG-CGE模型人口老龄化对区域经济的影响研究”(71401009)、国家自然科学基金重点项目“新阶段我国城市化发展道路的选择及管理研究”(71133003); 北京市自然科学青年基金“基于区域CGE模型的京津冀一体化研究”(9154028)的资助;
【作者简介】倪红福:中国社会科学院财经战略研究院。

[8]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重点项目(12AJL003); 上海财经大学优秀博士学位论文培育(第七批)基金资助项目的支持;
【作者简介】马艳:上海财经大学经济学院教授、博士生导师;王宝珠:上海财经大学经济学院博士研究生;赵治成:上海财经大学经济学院博士研究生;李俊:上海财经大学经济学院博士研究生。

[9]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金项目“贸易自由化、进口中间品质量与企业生产效率”(71403136)的资助;
【作者简介】施炳展:南开大学国际经济研究所、南开大学跨国公司研究中心;张雅睿:南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所。

[10]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国式金融资源配置模式下的宏观调控政策体系研究”(71373217)的资助;
【作者简介】胡朝霞、潘夏梦: 厦门大学国际经济与贸易系。

[11]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目“全球平衡增长议题对中国贸易摩擦的影响机制研

[12]【基金项目】国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDA084); 国家自然科学基金青年项目(71401009); 北京市自然科学青年基金(9154028); 博士后面上资助基金(2014M550113)的资助;
【作者简介】倪红福: 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院服务经济研究室;夏杰长: 中国社会科学院财经战略研究院。

[13]【基金项目】中国人民大学科学研究基金——中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助项目(12XNI010)“有限赶超与我国对外贸易发展方式转变研究:基于全球贸易规模和利益不平衡成因及转化的新理论”的阶段性研究成果;
【作者简介】张杰: 中国人民大学中国经济改革与发展研究院; 张帆: 中国人民大学商学院;陈志远(通讯作者) : 中国人民大学汉青经济与金融高级研究院美国宾州州立大学经济系。

[14]【基金项目】教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金(14YJA790089)的资助;
【作者简介】刘文革、肖园园:浙江工商大学经济学院; 周方召:江南大学商学院。

[15]【基金项目】上海市浦江人才计划2016年课题“美式标准的国际贸易投资规则的沿革、趋势与中国的应对”的阶段性成果(16PJC068);
【作者简介】王中美:上海社会科学院世界经济研究所。

[16]【作者简介】来有为:国务院发展研究中心办公厅;陈红娜:国务院发展研究中心对外经济研究部。

[17]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金项目“我国服务出口复杂度变迁及提升问题研究”(14CJY055);
【作者简介】戴翔:安徽财经大学国际经济贸易学院教授。

[18]【基金项目】北京市社科项目“负面清单管理模式下加快北京服务贸易升级的战略研究”(14JGB072)的阶段性成果;
【作者简介】王佃凯:首都经贸大学经济学院副教授、经济学博士。

[19]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金一般项目“服务业总体规模、结构演进的历史趋势和内在机理研究”( 11BJL064) 的部分研究成果;
【作者简介】余道先、王露:武汉大学经济与管理学院。

[20]【基金项目】国家社科基金项目“《服务贸易协定》对中国经济的影响研究”(14BJL047)的阶段性研究成果;
【作者简介】周艳:湘潭大学工商管理系教师;李伍荣:湘潭大学国际贸易系教授。

[21]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重点项目“扩大我国生产性服务业对外开放的路径与战略研究”(14AZD058) 、教育部重点研究基地“十三五”重大项目“全球价值链分工新趋势与中国价值链地位提升研究”与复旦大学世界经济研究所自立项目的资助;
【作者简介】程大中、郑乐凯、魏如青:复旦大学世界经济系和世界经济研究所。

[22]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目“打造陆海内外联动、东西双向开放的全面开放新格局研究”(15ZDC017);国家社会科学基金一般项目“互联网金融视域下普惠金融的发展误区与金融包容体系构建研究”(15BJY166);四川省高校科研创新团队项目“自由贸易区战略与人民币区研究”(JBK130504);
【作者简介】邓富华:西南财经大学国际商学院;霍伟东:西南财经大学国际商学院。

[23]【基金项目】本文受国家社会基金重点项目“全球经济深度调整背景下我国外贸增速变化机理及对策研究”(16AJY018)、教育部哲学社会科学研究重大课题攻关项目“TPP外部约束下我国融入国际价值链分工战略研究(16JZD019)”的资助;
【作者简介】戴翔:南京审计大学政府审计学院;郑岚:南京审计大学;张为付(通讯作者):南京财经大学。

[24]【基金项目】中央高校基本科研业务费资助·华侨大学哲学社会科学青年学者成长工程项目“如何规避落地中国的外向型生产工序回岸的战略研究”(16SKGC-QT05);
【作者简介】吕延方:华侨大学统计学院、数量经济研究院教授、博士生导师;宇超逸:东北财经大学经济学院硕士研究生;王冬:厦门大学嘉庚学院国际经贸系副教授、博士。

[25]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金项目(71173008) 、教育部人文社会科学基金项目(15YJC790022)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(BLX2014—60) 、广义虚拟经济研究专项(GX2011—1004(Y))的资助;
【作者简介】顾雪松:北京林业大学经济管理学院; 韩立岩、周伊敏:北京航空航天大学经济管理学院。

[26]【基金项目】教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目(13JJD790017、14JJD790029) 、中国博士后科学基金一等面上资助(2014M560174) 的阶段性成果;
【作者简介】李磊、白道欢、冼国明:南开大学国际经济研究所、跨国公司研究中心,中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心。

[27]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目 (15ZDA057) 、南开大学人文社会科学青年教师研究启动项目(63172013) 及中国博士后科学基金特别资助(2017T100150) 的资助;
【作者简介】李磊(通讯作者) 、蒋殿春、王小霞:南开大学国际经济研究所、跨国公司研究中心、中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心。

[28]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金(71403135) 、国家社会科学基金重大项目(15ZDA057) 、中国博士后科学基金面上一等项目(2016M590076) 的资助;
【作者简介】毛其淋:南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所,跨国公司研究中; 许家云(通讯作者):清华大学公共管理学院,国情研究院。

[29]【基金项目】自然科学博士启动项目 (2014A030310079) 、广东省高校高层次人才项目 (珠 江 学者1414003) 、国家自然科学基金(71473278) 、教育部基地重大项目(14JJD790020) 、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金(16wkpy17、16wkpy10)的资助;
【作者简介】杨娇辉:中山大学国际金融学院,中山大学国际经济研究中心; 王伟(通讯作者):中山大学岭南学院。

[30]【基金项目】本文得到 2015 年国家社会科学基金重大项目“提高中国在全球经济治理中的制度性话语权研究”( 15ZDC038) 及教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划“中国参与全球经济治理机制与战略选择”(I R T1224) 的资助;
【作者简介】陈伟光:广东外语外贸大学金融学院教授,广东外语外贸大学 21 世纪海上丝绸之路协同创新中心; 王燕:广东外语外贸大学国际商务英语学院,广东外语外贸大学 21 世纪海上丝绸之路协同创新中心。

[31]【基金项目】本文得到国家社会科学基金重大项目“提高中国在全球经济治理中的制度性话语权研究”(15ZDC038) 的资助;
【作者简介】徐秀军:中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所。

[32]【作者简介】王亚军:同济大学经济与管理学院。

[33]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目(11&ZD007);
【作者简介】郑伟:中国社会科学院亚太与全球战略研究院博士后;桑百川:对外经济贸易大学国际经济研究院院长,教授。

[34]【基金项目】本文是国家开发银行与北京大学合作项目“全球价值双环流下中国与亚非拉协同机制研究”的阶段性成果;
【作者简介】张辉、唐毓璇、易天:北京大学经济学院。

[35]【基金项目】国家社科基金一般项目(17BJY145);
【作者简介】刘志中:辽宁大学转型国家经济政治研究中心研究员,辽宁大学经济学院副教授。

[36]【作者简介】丁剑平: 上海国际金融中心研究院; 刘敏: 上海财经大学金融学院。

[37]【基金项目】教育部人文社科项目“中非农业贸易和投资合作、实证分析与理论拓展”(10YJC790298)、浙江省高校人文社科重点研究基地(浙江工商大学应用经济学)项目“投资动因、国家风险与母国效应”(JYTyyjj20130102)和教育部重点研究基地浙江工商大学现代商贸研究中心项目“互联网经济背景下中国流通产业升级动力机制与区域发展潜力研究”(15SMGK22YB)的资助;
【作者简介】谢杰:浙江工商大学经济学院副教授;刘学智:交通银行总行发展研究部研究员,华东师范大学金融与统计学院博士研究生。

[38]【基金项目】国家社会科学基金重大项目“中国IFDI与OFDI互动发展的内在机制与经济学解释”(16ZDA042);国家自然科学基金面上项目“微观商品价格差异、边界效应与中国城市群经济协同发展”(71573287);教育部哲学社会科学后期资助项目“民族异质性对跨国收入差距的影响及机制研究”(16JHQ034);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金“贸易开放促进中国企业生产率提升的战略研究”(16wkjc15);中国-东盟研究院 “教育部长江学者和创新团队发展计划”和中国-东盟研究院科研项目重点项目“CAFTA贸易自由化、市场一体化与生产率增长”(CWZ201412);“珠海特聘学者(中山大学)”;广东自然科学基金博士启动项目“OFDI区位分布的风险特征研究:国际经验、中国模式与广东实践”(2014A030310079);
【作者简介】黄新飞:中山大学国际金融学院;李锐:中国银行广东省分行;黄文锋(通讯作者):中山大学国际金融学院。

[39]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金青年项目“新型贸易保护措施对中国企业出口行为的影响与对策体系研究”(713031347);教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中国频繁遭遇反倾销的政治经济学研究”(11YJC790217);
【作者简介】谢申祥:山东财经大学国际经贸学院校长助理,教授;王俊力:山东财经大学国际经贸学院硕士研究生;高丽:山东财经大学工商管理学院讲师。

[40]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金项目(71473133)与国家社会科学基金项目(12BJBL049)的资助;
【作者简介】蒋为:西南财经大学国际商学院;孙浦阳:南开大学经济学院。

[41]【基金项目】国家自然科学基金(71473254、71503048、71673280)、北京市社会科学基金(15JGB080)、 国家社科基金重大项目(14ZDA082)的资助;
【作者简介】王孝松:中国人民大学经济学院 ;吕越:对外经济贸易大学中国WTO研究院;赵春明:北京师范大学经济与工商管理学院 。

[42]【基金项目】中国博士后科学基金面上项目“TPP对中国的经济影响及应对策略”(2013M540202); 国家自然科学基金面上项目“中国债券信用评级偏倚”(71673281);
【作者简介】李春顶:中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所;石晓军:中国人民大学财政金融学院教授。

[43]【基金项目】教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金资助项目; 中央高校基本科研业务费的资助;
【作者简介】曹吉云:南开大学经济学院,南开大学中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心;佟家栋:南开大学经济学院,南开大学中国特色社会主义经济建设协同创新中心。

[44]【作者简介】余淼杰:北京大学国家发展研究院中国经济研究中心;张睿:北京大学国家发展研究院中国经济研究中心。

[45]【基金项目】本文得到国家社科基金重大项目(15ZDA057)、国家自然科学基金项目(71403135)、教育部人文社会科学研究青年基金项目“中间品进口、创新驱动与中国出口竞争力升级研究”、中国博士后科学基金面上一等资助项目(2016M590076)的资助;
【作者简介】毛其淋:南开大学经济学院国际经济研究所、跨国公司研究中心、中国特色社会主义经济创建协同创新中心;许家云:清华大学公共管理学院、国情研究所。

[46]【基金项目】本文受教育部人文社会科学重点基地重大项目“对外直接投资与我国经济发展的理论和政策研究”(13JJD790017)和国家社会科学基金重大项目“引进外资与对外投资两大开放战略的协调机制与政策研究”(15ZDA057)的资助;
【作者简介】冼国明:南开大学跨国公司研究中心;冷艳丽:南开大学经济学院。

[47]【基金项目】本文受国家自然科学基金资助项目(71273286、71403250)、教育部哲学社会科学研究后期资助重点项目(135HQ010)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金以及中山大学高级金融研究院的资助;
【作者简介】杨子晖:中南大学岭南学院;田磊:浙江财经大学财政税务学院。

[48]【基金项目】本文由国家自然科学基金项目“要素偏向型技术进步对中国收入分配的多维影响”(71373186)、国家自然科学基金项目“高房价对我国全要素生产率影响的机制分析及数量测度”(71503186)、中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金的资助;
【作者简介】张平:武汉大学社会保障研究中心、武汉大学政治与公共管理学院。

[49]【基金项目】本文受山东工商学院博士启动资金资助项目(BS201527)、国家社会科学基金重大项目(12&ZD087)资助;
【作者简介】杜威剑:山东工商学院经济学院;李梦洁:南开大学经济学院。

[50]【作者简介】邵玉君:清华大学社会科学学院经济学研究所。

[51]【基金项目】本文受国家社会科学基金重大项目“引进外资与对外投资两大开放战略协调机制与政策研究”(15ZDA057)、国家自然科学基金重点项目“推动经济发达地区产业转型升级的机制与政策研究”(71333007)、天津市科学发展战略研究计划项目(15ZLZLZF00170)、中国博士后科学基金面上一等资助(2014M560174)的资助;
【作者简介】 李磊:南开大学国际经济研究所;刘斌:对外经济贸易大学WTO研究院;王小霞:南开大学国际经济研究所。

[52]【基金项目】本文受自然科学基金项目“基础设施驱动经济空间集聚的理论机制、经验证据及政策方案优化研究”(71503042);国家社会科学基金重大项目“公共经济学理论体系创新研究”(14&ZDB121)、对外经济贸易大学研究生科研创新基金资助;
【作者简介】 苑德宇、李德刚:对外经济贸易大学国际经济贸易学院;杨志勇:中国社会科学院财经战略研究院。

[53]【基金项目】本文受国家自然科学基金青年项目(71303077);国家自然科学基金面上项目(71271047);湖南省研究生创新项目(CX2016B139);湖南省研究生创新项目(CX2016B143)的资助;
【作者简介】 王修华:湖南大学金融与统计学院;谷溪:湖南大学金融与统计学院;王海成:湖南大学经济与贸易学院。

[54]【基金项目】本文受国家社会科学基金重大项目“外贸投资负面清单管理模式研究”(BE103662)的资助;
【作者简介】 葛顺奇:南开大学跨国公司研究中心;刘晨:南开大学国际经济研究所;罗伟:南开大学APEC研究院。

[55]【基金项目】本文受国家自然科学基金面上项目(71573271);国家自然科学基金应急管理项目(71642003)的资助;
【作者简介】 高凌云:中国社会科学院世界经济与政治研究所;屈小博、贾朋:中国社会科学院人口与劳动经济研究所。

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