分析高铁机车供应商国际竞争优势的影响因素

邓小鹏1，杨　帆2，张　娜1，牛衍亮3

（1.东南大学土木工程学院南京211189；2.南京华铎房地产开发有限公司南京211189；3.石家庄铁道大学经济与管理学院石家庄050043）

摘　要：高铁机车供应商作为高铁建设的重要参与者，对其国际竞争优势的研究有助于推动中国高铁的国际化进程。本文通过文献综述结合高铁机车供应商的特点，从6个维度识别出影响高铁机车供应商国际竞争优势的20个因素，并针对其影响程度进行问卷调查。然后根据问卷调查数据利用结构方程模型进一步验证分析高铁机车供应商国际竞争优势的关键影响因素。结果显示，影响高铁机车供应商国际竞争优势最关键的因素类别是“管理能力”和“国际适应能力”，同时“社会形象”和“核心技术”较为重要，影响程度最低的是“经营绩效”。最后选取5家高铁巨头企业进行对比分析，旨为高铁机车供应商国际竞争优势的提升提供参考依据。

关键词：高铁机车供应商；国际竞争优势；影响因素；结构方程模型

中图分类号：F742　文献标识码：A

Analysis of the International Competitive Advantage Influencing Factors for H igh-speed Rail Rolling Stock Suppliers(www.xing528.com)

DENG Xiɑopeng1；YANG Fɑn2；ZHANG Nɑ1；NIU Yɑnliɑng3

（1.School of Civil Engineering，Southeast University，Nanjing 211189；2.Nanjing Huasheng Real Estate Development Co.，Ltd.Nanjing 211189；3.School of Economic and Management，Shijiazhuang Tiedao University，Shijiazhuang 050043）

Abstract：High-speed railway（HSR）rolling stock suppliers is an important participant of HSR construction projects.Research on its international competitive advantage would push the internationalization progress of Chinese HSR product.We identified 20 variables affecting the international competitive advantages from six dimensions through a comprehensive literature review.Then a questionnaire survey was conducted to assess the importance of each variable.After that，a confirmatory factor analysiswas carried out to validate the variable classification by using the structural equation model.And the result reveals that management ability is the most important factor affecting the international competitive advantage of rolling stock suppliers，international adapting ability，social image，core technical，social capital following up in order.Whereas，the factor economic performance is the least important factor.Finally，to evaluate the international competitive advantage，20 variableswere quantified，and five giant rolling stock supplierswere selected as a case study.The findings of this paperwould contribute the HSR rolling stock suppliers to understand the sources of international competitive advantage and provide a guidance for their improvement of competitive advantage.

Key words：HSR rolling stock suppliers；Competitive advantage；Structuralequationmodel