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高效包装方案优化——包装技巧与实践

时间:2023-05-24 理论教育 版权反馈
【摘要】:(二)销售包装1.确保商品在保质期内不变质、不受污染、保鲜,以防死亡。容器包装The goods ordered will be packed in seaworthy wooden cases.所订购的货物将用适于海运的木箱包装。装入It is the usual practice here that 10 shirts are packed to a carton and 10 cartons to a strong seaworthy wooden case.此地惯例为10 件衬衫装一盒,10 盒装于适于海运的结实木箱中。③集装箱在工厂完成装载,不易发生偷盗。④集装箱运输保费较低,装运目的港相同的不同货物,可节省运费和保费。

高效包装方案优化——包装技巧与实践

学习目标

熟练掌握描述包装方式的常用句型和术语以及与“包装”相关信函的基本写作步骤和适用的写作方法,并能够根据不同的外贸情景,在规定的时间内完成写作,积累写作技巧,提高交际能力,为完成与“包装”相关的外贸任务打下基础。

学习重点

熟练掌握描述包装方式的常用句型和术语。

学习难点

能够根据不同的外贸情景,在规定的时间内完成写作,积累写作技巧,提高交际能力。

一、相关外贸知识建构

(一)运输包装(Transport Packing)

1.保证商品从出厂到消费整个过程不致损坏、散失。

2.保障国际运输安全,确保商品完好无损。

(二)销售包装(Sales Packing)

1.确保商品在保质期内不变质、不受污染、保鲜,以防死亡。

2.促进商品的销售,提高商品的身价,使顾客愿意付出较高的价格购买。在商品陈列中包装起到无声推销员的作用。

在选择包装时,应兼顾两个方面:首先,包装必须要足够坚固,适于长途运输,减少货物在运输途中可能遇到的风险;其次,包装还应当轻巧、美观,便于携带,节约成本。

(三)运输标志(唛头)(Shipping Mark)

运输标志又称唛头,通常由一个简单的几何图形和一些字母、数字及简单的文字组成。其作用在于使货物在装卸、运输、保管过程中容易被相关人员识别,以防错发、错运。

唛头的书写一般包括

1.收货人或买方名称的英文缩写字母或简称

2.参考号,如运单号、订单号发票

3.目的地名称

4.货物件数

例如:ABC Company(公司名称)

New York(地址

CTN1-5000(货物有一个集装箱,共5 000 件)

(四)指示性标志(Indicative Mark)

指示性标志是根据商品的特性提出应注意的事项,在商品的外包装上用醒目的图形或文字表示的标志。如“handle with care”“this way up”“fragile”“keep dry”“keep away from heat”“prevent freeze”“sling here”“use no hook”“open here”“centre of gravity”,等等。

(五)警告性标志(Warning Mark)

警告性标志又称危险品标志,是指在易燃品(inflammables)、爆炸品(explosives)、有毒品(poisons)等的运输包装上表明其危险性质的文字或图形说明。

(六)装箱单(Packing List)

装箱单是发票的补充单据,它列明了信用证(或合同)中买卖双方约定的有关包装事宜的细节,便于国外买方在货物抵达目的港时供海关检查和核对货物。

二、常用包装物表述

polybag 塑料袋;gunny-bag 黄麻袋;sack 麻袋;carton 纸箱;wooden case 木箱;crate板条箱;drum 大桶;keg 小桶;cask 木桶;bale 包;can/tin 罐,听;carboy 大玻璃瓶;pallet 托盘;bundle 捆;container 集装箱

三、有关包装方法的表述

1.in...用……容器包装

The goods ordered will be packed in seaworthy wooden cases.

所订购的货物将用适于海运的木箱包装。

2.to...若干件装于某容器,把……装入

It is the usual practice here that 10 shirts are packed to a carton and 10 cartons to a strong seaworthy wooden case.

此地惯例为10 件衬衫装一盒,10 盒装于适于海运的结实木箱中。

3.(packed) in…of…each,…to…/(packed) in…,each containing…用……包装,每件……内装若干

(packed) in poly-bags of 5 kilograms each,10 bags to a wooden-case

(packed) in poly-bags,each containing 5 kilograms,10 bags to a wooden-case

塑料袋装,每袋5 公斤,10 袋装一木箱

4.The dimensions are 17cm high,30cm wide and 50cm long with a volume of about 0.026 cubic meters.

5.The gross weight is 23kg,the net weight being 22kg.

6.We pack our shirts in plastic-lined water-proof (内衬塑料、防水的) cartons,reinforced with metal straps (金属外圈).

7.Packing in sturdy wooden cases is essential.Cases must be nailed,battened (用压条固定) and secured (加固) by overall metal strapping.

四、相关信函撰写建构

●模拟外贸情景Business Scenario

你方(运输公司)客户Mrs.H Itakura 于11月20日向你公司咨询集装箱运输事宜。

●明确撰写任务

回复如下:

你公司提供20 英尺和40 英尺两种尺寸的集装箱。

集装箱运输的优点:

①集装箱两端都可打开,便于装卸同时进行。

②集装箱的密闭性(不透水、不透气),使用它装运易受潮货物,具有优势。

③集装箱在工厂完成装载,不易发生偷盗。

④集装箱运输保费较低,装运目的港相同的不同货物,可节省运费和保费。

●撰写构思Planning

步骤1:确定写作目标(Identify the Objective)

提供信息(Provide Information)

步骤2:明确主题(Determine the Main Idea)

介绍集装箱运输的优点

步骤3:选取支撑信息(Choose Supporting Information)

随函一份税费表供对方参考

步骤4:确定写作方法,组织整理材料(Determine the Writing Approach and Adjust the Message)

中性消息——“平铺直叙法”(Direct Approach)

●完成撰写

●总结“介绍集装箱运输函”撰写步骤(意义建构)

①提及相关信息(询函等)

②详细说明集装箱运输特(优)点

③随函税费表供对方参考

●加深理解

注释

①ft 书面缩写=foot or feet 英尺

②liable to 易于……的

We are liable to encounter difficulties in arranging the quantity required.

安排所需的数量,我们不免要遇到困难。

比较:liable for 负法律责任的

The airline’s insurer is liable for damages to the victims’ families.

航空公司投保的保险公司为遇难者家庭的损失负法律责任。

③water-tight and air-tight 不透水不透气的

④premium 保险费

The extra premium is for buyer’s account.

额外保费由买方负担。

⑤tariff 关税,收费表

freight tariff 运费费率表(www.xing528.com)

⑥tarred paper 油毡纸

Words,Expressions and Sentences

1.有关唛头及其他运输标志的常用语和短语

Triangle 三角形

ABC in a diamond 菱形内ABC

Rectangle 长方形

Downward triangle 倒三角形

Square 正方形

This side (end) up 此面向上

Handle with care 小心轻放

Fragile 当心破碎

Explosives 易爆货物

Glass with care 小心玻璃

Sling here 此处吊索

Perishable 易坏货物

Keep flat (Stow level) 注意平放

2.ex prep.从……,在……

The price is $150 per metric ton ex warehouse Shanghai.

上海仓库外交货每公吨价格是150 美元。

注意:在谈到由某轮运来货物时,多用介词ex;在谈到由某轮运走货物时,多用介词per;by 是指由某轮承运。

We find the goods shipped ex S.S “Manchester”.satisfactory.

由“曼彻斯特”轮运来的货物令人满意。

We advise having shipped contract No.2567 per S.S.“Manchester”.

兹通知第2567 号合同项下货物已由“曼彻斯特”轮发出。

Your order No.5567 will be shipped by S/S “Manchester”.

你方第5567 号订单下的货物将由“曼彻斯特”轮承运。

3.container 集装箱

We have shipped the goods to Hong Kong hence to be transshipped onto S/S “Heping”,a container ship.

我们已将该货运往香港,由那里再转装集装箱船“和平”轮。

4.moisture 潮湿

Those cartons are well protected against moisture by plastic lining.

由于箱内铺有塑料衬里,防潮性能良好。

5.susceptible a.易受影响的,敏感的(强调人或事物的本质、特性、素质或性格。所有这些可以使事物失去抵抗力或容易遭受某种痛苦)

The goods you packed in wooden cases are susceptible to damage by moisture.

装在木箱中的这批货很容易被潮气损坏。

6.This is to apply to all orders unless otherwise specified.

7.The wheat is to be packed in new gunny bags of 100 kgs,and each bag weighs about 1.5kgs.

8.The goods are to be marked with our initials in a diamond.

9.Please ship the above order in foam-lined boxes.

10.The full details regarding packing and marking must be strictly observed.

拓展训练

一、单项选择

1.Attached is a list of freight bills,which our records indicate are unpaid______the credit period permitted by our agreement.

A.passed B.beyond C.after D.further than

2.A container holds 240 bicycles; the whole cargo would therefore comprise 50 containers,______8 metric tons.

A.and each weighing B.each to weigh

C.each weighing D.each weighs

3.______your charges for air freight are concerned,we agreed to pay extra costs you invoiced.

A.As well as B.As much as C.As good as D.As far as

4.The consignment will be dispatched as soon as possible______to reach the final destination by mid-August.

A.as B.so C.so as D.so that

5.______packing is usually stenciled with shipping marks.

A.Small B.Sales C.Outer D.Inner

6.Sea-worthy export packing is suitable______long distance transportation.

A.with B.for C.on D.in

7.______instructions are stated accurately in the captioned contract.

A.Packing B.Package C.Pack D.To pack

8.Cartons as a kind______packing container have been extensively used______international trade.

A.of,in B.with,into C.of,of D.of,with

9.It should be packed in kraft paper bags containing 20 small paper bags______1 kilogram net each,two kraft paper bags______a carton.

A.in,of B.in,in C.of,in D.of,to

10.The packages should be marked______the same numbers as given______the order sheet.

A.with,in B.with,with C.with,on D.in,with

二、填空

1.We shall appreciate it if you will inform us______the condition of packing as soon as the consignment arrives______your end.

2.Please mark the bales______our initials SCC______a diamond.

3.This is to apply______all orders unless otherwise specified.

4.It looks as if the case crushed was not strong enough to______voyage.

5.The packing and marking shall be______seller’s option.

三、英汉翻译

1.Since the goods may be transshipped,please reinforce the packing to avoid unnecessary damage to the goods from poor packing.

2.We suggest that the goods should be repacked in small bags,say,half a pound or one pound in order that we can push the sales of it.

3.We consider it advisable to make it clear that the goods we ordered must be packed according to our instructions lest they should be damaged in transit.

4.The packing of the goods must be improved in order to fit for seaworthy condition.

5.Small cases are light and compact,easy to be stored and to be sold.

四、汉英翻译

1.请按提供的图样在箱子上刷唛。

2.货物每打装一纸箱,每10 纸箱装1 木箱,箱厚半英寸。

3.请把你方对上述包装事宜的看法知会我们。

4.谢谢贵方的包装指示,不过遗憾的是我们没有能力满足你方对使用这种特殊包装材料的要求。

5.我们希望这一包装安排让你们感到方便和满意。

五、模拟外贸情景写作实操

你公司于6月5日收到卖方寄来的第1515 号合同一式两份。在仔细审阅合同条款后,发现包装条款表述不够清楚。为避免今后可能出现麻烦,遂去函给对方的Ms.Yamakawa表明你方对包装的要求:

涡轮机(whirling machines)必须用木箱装,每箱装一台,十箱装一整集装箱。包装外面把公司的字头CACS 刷在一个菱形里面,在此下面刷上目的港和买方公司的订单号码。此外,还要标明警告性标记,如“请勿倒置”“防水防潮”等字样。

注:FCL=full container load 一整集装箱;LCL=less than container load 拼箱

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