1. 名词商务缩写有单复数之分,也有名词所有格,可作主语、宾语、表语和定语。
E.g. Instead of fuel-sipping “econoboxes”, people are choosing cars with pep and pizazz that put pleasure back into driving. (econobox =economic box)
译文:人们为享受兜风的浪漫情趣,不是选择节省燃料的经济车而是选择充满活力的豪华大型车。
非截短词、非拼缀词的结尾如果是s,ch,sh,x的话,它们的复数词尾一般还是用s,而有时则通过重复商务缩写的最后一个字母的方法把它变成复数形式。
例如:Please read pp.18 ff. (pp.18 ff. = page 18 and the following pages)
译文:请朗读第18页和以下几页。
部分表单位的商务缩写词单复同形。例如:
deg = degree(s)(度) ft =foot 或feet(英尺)
mi = mile(s)(英里) ml = milliliter(s)(毫升)
不少单位词的缩写有两种不同的复数形式,都是对的。例如:
hr(s) = hours(小时) kg(s) = kilograms(公斤)
km(s) = kilometers(公里) lb(s) = pounds(磅)
m(s) = meters(米) min(s) = minutes(分钟)
ml(s) = miles(英里) mm(s) = millimeters(毫米)
mo(s) = months(月) sec(s) = seconds(秒钟)
yd(s) = yards(码) yr(s) = years(年)
名词性缩写的所有格也有几种形式。例如:
E.g. The space shuttle is NASA's big daddy project.
(NASA = National Aeronautics and Space Administration)
E.g. We decide to get the salesmen into our Q&A contest. (Q&A = question and answer)
译文:我们决定把那些销售员请来参加我们的问答竞赛。
2. 英语中,可作为动词的商务缩写数量大大少于名词,但动词的基本语法特点表现得很充分。例如:
E.g. I have not been very good about RSVPing. So I need a secretary trained in office work. (RSVP = repondez s'il vous plait)
译文:我对回请柬不在行,我需要一个受过办公室工作知识训练的秘书。
E.g. “Vegging out” is dedicated to promoting plant-based food and nutrition, whether you are a vegan, vegetarian, or someone who simply wants to eat more foods from the earth. (veg = vegetate)
译文:“素食”口号旨在推广菜蔬食品及其营养,不论你是什么名目的素食主义者,还是仅想吃更多土地产出食品的人。(www.xing528.com)
3. 作形容词用的商务缩写也有原级、比较级、最高级。如:
E.g. The paper bags are more eco-correct than plastic. (eco =ecology)
E.g. That is the deffest mountain bike I've ever seen. (def =definitely)
译文:那是一部我所见到的最好的山地车。
4. 商务缩写中也有极少数作副词用,但一般少见比较级形式。例如:
E.g. The general manager smiled delishfully. (delishfully = deliciously + delightfully)
译文:总经理开心地笑了。
E.g. AWTG UR INSTRCTN SNST. (AWTG = awaiting, UR = your, INSTRCTN = instruction, SNST = soonest)
译文:请尽快指示。
5. 有些缩写兼有几种词性,可作几种词用。
例如:Your proposal sounds interesting. Please e-mail me the details as soon as you can. My e-mail address is Mary@office.com.USA. Thank you.
译文:你的建议听起来蛮有意思的,请尽快将细节用电邮传给我。我的电邮地址是:Mary@office com. USA.,谢谢。
分析:本句中第一个e-mail作动词,第二个e-mail 作名词用,名词可作定语。
又如OK这个缩写,具有几个不同词性:
E.g. This is an OK idea.
译文:这是一个行得通的想法。(OK作形容词用)
E.g. The boss OK'd it.
译文:老板同意了。(OK用作动词)
E.g. So I told you about that, OK, so the next thing was he gave the sales report.
译文:前一段的事,我跟你讲过了,好,接着他就进行销售报告。(OK作副词)
E.g. OK, it's settled.
译文:好,就这么办。(此处OK是感叹词)
E.g. Sure, I got his OK.
译文:的确,我得到了他的同意。(这里的OK作名词)
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