热身练习
1.(警方无犯罪记录证明中的)无记录记载
2.以下所提供之个人信息资料,专供贵方在向外国政府提交移民、领事或与公民事务有关的申请时使用。妥善保护此数据信息,以防遗失或非授权使用。
3.本证明删改无效。
4.成绩登记卡上的×××校长之签名章和毕业学校××大学之钢印均属实。
5.本《出生医学证明》,仅证明婴儿在本院出生,不作为申报户口用。
6.中华人民共和国居民身份证;签发机关:辽宁省大连市公安局;有效期限:2008.05.18~2028.05.18。
7.兹证明我国A 厂生产的B 商品的商标注册证(登记号为YYY 号)系由中国工商行政管理总局出具。该商标的专有权归A 厂所有。
8.下列签署人在此无条件地保证向每一位票据持有人及时支付应当支付的所有款项,不论此款项是否是因提前、延期或其他原因到期应付,同时保证放弃担保履行前对出票人提出任何诉讼的权利。
9.兹证明ABC 集团于二零一六年五月十四日在天津市对×××招标项目举行了公开招标,XYZ 公司参加了投标并中标(或全部投标单位均未中标)。
10.经查,上述双方当事人签订合同的行为符合《中华人民共和国民法通则》第五十五条的规定,合同的内容符合《中华人民共和国合同法》的规定。
内容讲解
证明文本的语言特点和翻译
本章所指的证明文本,泛指各种用于证明工作经历、身份、学历、经济状况、身体状况等事项或事件的真实性和有效性的文书,证明文本属于法律文本的范畴,着眼于现实世界,以事实性为基础,具有客观性、信息性等特点。证件文本翻译旨在通过译文话语对事实进行陈述或确认,因此要求简洁连贯、客观准确、用词专业。
一、中英文证明文本的文体特点
法律文本是具有法律规章意义的文本,如商务法律条文、合同、协议书、技术保证书、信用证等,根据文本类型理论,证明文本属于信息类文本,该类文本是对客观事件的写实性描述,其语言往往不带任何个人色彩,经常用普通的搭配、正常的句型、传统的习语和比喻等,这类文本概括起来,有以下特点:
(1)条理性。要求条理十分清晰,这里的条理不仅是指逻辑上的而且是指语言体式上的,该类文本不求铺叙但求明晰;不求修饰,但求达意。其句式结构往往大同小异,目的也是求行文的条理性。
(2)纪实性。根据证书的目的,必须言而有实,即“纪实”,此类文本一般都很简洁,也有很多程式化的语句。
(3)规范性。要求用词规范,符合约定俗成的涵义,一般不允许文字上的随意性。
证明文本文件属于庄重文体,具有用词专业庄重、表达严谨精炼等特点。证明文件的翻译不仅要实现语言之间的转换,而且要熟悉该证件涉及的领域,具备相关的专业认识,运用不同的专业词汇。例如:
房产证(Property Ownership Certificate);
无犯罪记录证明(Certificate of No Criminal Conviction);
原产地证明(Certificate of Origin);
未再加工证明(Certificate of Non-Manipulation);
作准证书(Authentic Instrument)[1];
银行存款证明(Bank Savings Statement)等。
二、主要证明文件的翻译
1.公证书的翻译
公证书(Notarial Certificate)是国家公证机关根据当事人的申请,依照法定程序,对其法律行为及其有法律意义的文件、事实,证明其真实性、合法性的文书。涉外公证书是一种法律文书,其翻译属于应用翻译或实用翻译的范畴,以传递信息为主要目的,同时又注重信息传递的效果。翻译的目的非常明确,即,使公证书在使用国起到同样的法律效力。在公证过程中,根据需要或当事人要求,公证有时要附外文译文,而译文质量好坏是决定公证书效力的一个重要条件。
根据司法部颁发的《公证程序规则(试行)》,公证书中存在下列任何一项问题,即被视为无效:未按规定附外文译文的;公证员的中文姓名与外文译名不一致的;外文译文不正确,不规范或有错误的;外文译文未译成公证书使用国要求的相应文字的。在以上四个问题中,第三个问题是公证书翻译中最严重的错误,也使我们看到涉外公证书翻译的最低标准应该是“正确”“规范”。为了达到这些最低标准,公证书的翻译要注意以下几个方面:
(1)对术语的掌握要准确
像其他实用文体的翻译一样,涉外公证书翻译有其特定的术语,也就是说特定的“对等词”,在翻译时不能望文生义。术语可以保证其准确性和规范性。从标题上看,涉外公证书翻译工作量最多的往往是:
毕业证公证书(Notarization of Diploma);
学位证公证书(Notarization of Degree Certificate);
成绩单公证书(Notarization of Academic Transcription);
亲属关系公证书(Notarization of Family Relation);
无刑事犯罪记录公证书(Notarization of No Record of Criminal Offense);
(涉外)收养公证书(Notarization of Adoption)等。
当然,在实践工作中,以上各分类标题都可笼统地译为Notarization 或Notarial Certificate。从内容上看,涉外公证书的“术语”有相当一部分属于法律词汇,如:产权证书(certificate of title)、住所(domicile)、抵押(mortgage)、委任书(power of attorney)、担保契约(Warranty Deed)等。再比如,在“婚前财产公证书”(prenuptial property notarization)的翻译中,就会出现“婚前财产”(premarital property)、“财产分割”(division of property)、“扶养费”(alimony)、“夫妻共同财产”(marital/community property)、“财产没收”(forfeiture of assets)、“监护权”(guardianship)等术语。这就要求译者对这些术语的理解要清楚,翻译时选词要准确,以免因概念性错误而产生纠纷,导致公证书无效。
(2)翻译时表达要流畅自然
对原文中的概念、句子理解后,译者的另外一个任务就是表达了。汉译英时译者常常会受到中文思维习惯的影响和干扰,翻译时译者太拘泥于中文原文的结构和表达方式,以为翻译时尽可能地保留中文原文的结构形式才能做到忠实于中文原文,以致在表达时常会出现一些佶屈聱牙的翻译腔,即“中式英语”。这类译文违反了译入语的行文习惯,露出非常明显的翻译痕迹。因此,在英译公证书时,要尽量排除中文思维习惯的影响,要多注意英汉两种语言行文的差异,使译文通顺自然,方便信息接收者理解所表达的信息。如:
例1:兹证明复印件与中文原本相符。
原译:This is to certify that the duplicate conforms to the original.
改译:This is to certify that the photocopy is a complete and true copy of the original document.
首先,影印件最好用photocopy,因为,尽管duplicate 也有“复制品”的意思,但duplicate 更多是指“副本”,如“营业执照副本”(duplicate of business license)。如果“影印件”也用duplicate,在营业执照公证中就会产生歧义。
其次,conform(conformity)的根意是:“comply (compliance) with standards,rules or laws”;correspond 的根意是:“have a close similarity; match or agree almost exactly”,因此,这两个词似乎都不太符合本句中的“相符”的愿意。
(3)翻译时行文要严谨、脉络要清晰
在公证书中有时为了体现法律文件的严谨精确,行文者为了避免含混不清或表述不明,在表述中多用各种附加语、修饰语、复杂而紧凑的句子结构和复合句,唯恐不详尽和不严密,有时甚至不惜繁文缛节。翻译时要清楚原公证书拟定者的用意,要注意借用译入语的各种语言手段,再现法律文体行文的严谨性。例如:
例2:兹证明王某某,男,一九六四年五月一日出生,与郝某某,女,一九六五年十月十九日出生,于一九九二年十月一日在内蒙古呼和浩特市民政局婚姻登记处登记结婚。
原译:This is to certify that Wang XX,who is male and was born on May 1,1964,and Hao,who is female and was born on October 19,1965,registered marriage on October 1,1992 at the registration office of Civil Affairs Department,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia.
原文很可能不止于证明“结过婚”,而Registered 一词为动词的过去式,表明的是登记结婚的事实的确发生过而不能证明现在的婚姻状况是在婚、再婚,还是离异(divorced)、丧偶(widowed)或分居(separated),未能满足法律语言在周密性、准确性方面的要求。
改译:This is to certify that Wang (male,born on May 1,1964) and Hao (female,born on October 19,1965) have been married since on October 1,1992 at the registration office of Civil Affairs Department,Hohhot,Inner Mongolia.
另外,根据需要,可以另起一行注明公证书用途,如:本公证书用于申请经济适用房(This notarial certificate is be used to apply for purchasing economical housing.)。
2.毕业(学位)证书的翻译
毕业(学位)证书是学校颁发给毕业生的正式官方文件,用语规范,简明扼要。毕业证书翻译件的格式和中文原件的格式应保持一致,这样会给人一目了然的感觉,即使是不懂英文的人看了也能明白其中的大概意思。毕业证书翻译的具体环节如下:
(1)标题
根据《中华人民共和国学位条例》(Regulations Concerning Academic Degrees in the People's Republic of China),“毕业证书”的标题一般译为Certificate of Graduation(较少使用Graduation Diploma;“结业证书”的英文是Certificate of Completion);“学位证书”一般在标题中要注明学位等级,即Certificate of The Bachelor's/Master's/ Doctor's Degree,标题应居中并且每个字母都大写或每个单词的首字母大写。
(2)正文
中文毕业证正文的开头是:“学生×××……”;英文的开头大体有三种形式:①“This is to certify that XXX…”;②“Let it be known that XXX...”;③“I hereby certify that XXX...”。前两种形式是以单位的身份进行证明,而第三种则是以个人(该校校长)的身份加以证明。通常情况下,在我国,单位和团体的证明效力要比个人的证明效力强,英文译文的开头最好采用前两种,且第一种形式又比第二种形式更正式一些。
正文中的中间部分“于××××年××月至××××年××月在本校××专业2/3/4/5年制本科/专科/脱产/全日制/业余/函授/夜大学习”,相应的英文翻译应该表述为“XX studied in the specialty of (2/3/4/5-year undergraduate/junior college courses full time/spare-time/correspondence/ evening university study) in this university/college from XX to XX”;“修完教学计划规定的全部课程,成绩合格”与“修业期满,成绩合格”所表达的意思基本一致,可以译为:A.satisfied all the requirements set by the syllabus; B.fulfilled all the courses/programs with satisfactory performance according to teaching plan; 或C.fulfilled all the requirements prescribed by the department。一般不把“成绩合格”直译成pass all the examinations,也不把“准予毕业”译为be allowed to graduate,因为那样显得不够专业,而译为be qualified to graduate 或is hereby granted graduation 则更为准确。
(3)落款
毕业证书的落款一般是学校的印鉴和校长(或学术委员会主席)的印章(或签名)及发证日期。此处具体谈一下几个问题。
① 校长的翻译
中小学的“校长”是Headmaster 或principal,而大学的“校长”则是President 或Chancellor,因此,把“校长”不加区别一律翻译成President 的做法是不妥的。
② 校名的翻译
中国的学校有正规的、非正规的、国立的、私立的等很多划分标准,不同的学校其校名的英语翻译真可谓五花八门。正是由于学校类型众多,才导致校名的翻译难度加大。一般的处理方法是“从俗”:直接采用该校的英文网站上出现或学校章程中规定的英文校名。值得一提的是,目前一些知名大学规模不断扩大,相继建立了分校和多个校区。“分校”和“校区”的翻译方法大致有以下四种:第一种是“学校名称+逗号+地名”,第二种是“学校名称+at/in+地名”;第三种是“学校名称+地名+Branch”;第四种是“学校名称+地名+Campus”。比如:加州大学伯克利分校(University of California,Berkeley)、哈尔滨工业大学威海分校(Harbin Institute of Technology,Weihai)、纽约州立理工大学布法罗分校(SUNY Institute of Technology at Buffalo)、华中科技大学武昌分校(Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuchang Branch)、中山大学珠海校区(Sun Yat-sen University Zhuhai Campus)等。
3.出生证明的翻译
出生证明是指公证机关应当事人的申请,依法证明当事人的出生日期、出生地点和生父生母等法律事实的真实性、合法性而出具的证明文书。
例3:《出生医学证明》根据《中华人民共和国母婴保健法》制定,是在中华人民共和国境内出生人口的法定医学证明;由新生儿父母或监护人妥善保管,不得出卖、转让出借和私自涂改;申报出生登记时必须出示此证明。
原译:The “Medical Certificate of Birth” is formulated according to “The law of the People's Republic of China on Maternal and Infant Health Care”.It is a legal medical certificate of people born in the People's Republic of China.It is taken care of by the Newborn baby's father and mother or guardian.Can not be sold,lent or altered in private.And it is referred to upon civil registration.
原译来自真实文件,实在不忍卒读,现改译如下。
改译:Under the Maternal and Infant Health Care Law of the People's Republic of China,the “Medical Certificate of Birth” is made and used as a legal medical document for people born in the People's Republic of China.The newborn's parent(s) or guardian shall keep the Certificate secure and may not sell,transfer,lease,lend or alter it.And it shall be presented when reporting the birth registration.
例4:兹证明李平,男,汉族,于1959年5月在河南省陕县出生。李平的父亲李大炎是中学教师,于1992年去世。李平的母亲张玉英是退休工人。
译文:This is to certify that Mr.Li Ping,male,ethnic Han,was born in May,1959 in Shanxian County,Henan Province.His father,Li Dayan,who had been a middle school teacher,was deceased in 1992.His Mother,Zhang Yuying,is a retired worker.
4.收入证明
收入证明,是人们在日常生产生活经营活动中,所需要的对经济收入的一种证明,一般在办理出国签证、住房贷款,信用卡等会被要求由当事人单位出具的对经济收入的证明。收入证明翻译用途:出国签证财产证明、办理信用卡,同时往往还需要翻译的有在职证明、纳税证明、银行存款证明等。
例5:兹证明×××先生,身份证号码:××××,自2010年起至今在××(集团)有限公司工作,现任集团总工程师、设计管理中心总经理。其近五年的工资收入及其他经济补贴情况如下(单位:元)。特此证明!
译文:This is to certify that Mr.XXX (ID No.:XXXX) has been employed by ×× Group,since 2010 and now serves as Group's Chief Engineer and General Manager of Design Management Center.According to records of personal income kept by the financial department of the Group,the details of his salaries and other compensations during this period are listed as follows (RMB yuan).
在收入证明或合同中,为了体现庄重严谨性,数字(金额)经常是把阿拉伯数字和英语数词连用:先用数词表示,其后在括号内用阿拉伯数字表示,便于认读,比如:肆拾贰万伍仟陆佰元整(Four Hundred and Twenty-five Thousand Six Hundred US Dollars Only(US $425,600);也可以先用阿拉伯数字,然后在括号内用英语数词表示,比如:“人民币捌仟伍佰伍拾元整(RMB ¥8 550(say Eight Thousand Five hundred and Fifty yuan Only)”。
5.户口本的翻译
户口本(Household Register)是由民政部颁发的一种证明身份和家庭成员关系的证明文件。在翻译户口本时,要注意以下概念的正确表述:
(1)户别和户号。户别(Type of Household)指的是集体户口(Corporate,非collective)、农业户口(Agricultural)、非农业户口(Non-agricultural)等。有的户口簿“户别”不注明“农业”或“非农业”,直接就是“家庭户”或“集体户”,可译为Household of a Family 或Household of a Corporate。户号则译为Household Number。还有一种极具中国特色、比正规户口本简略些的户口证明,叫“集体户口常住人口登记卡”,建议译为Registry of De Jure Population in Corporate Household。
(2)户主或与户主关系。若系户主本人,直接译为Householder himself/herself。与户主关系的英文表述是Relation to。如果是户主的父母、配偶、兄弟姐妹等,直接译为Father/Mother/Husband/Wife/Brother/Sister,不必添加Householder's,也无需添加first、second 等序数词来表示长子/女、次子/女。值得注意的是,如果是儿媳、女婿,则最好用Son's wife、Daughter's husband 来代替Son-in-law、Daughter-in-law,因为后者容易被误解成“养子女”或“继子女”。
(3)民族或民族成分。民族或民族成分应该用ethnicity 或ethnic group,不可用Nationality(国别)。
(4)籍贯。原籍的英文是native origin(native place 的意思是“故乡”)。所谓“籍贯”系指父亲一辈的故乡,含义其实类似于“祖籍”,因此ancestral native place 较为合适。
(5)服务处所。直接译为Employer 即可,不要硬译为Service Place。
(6)登记事项变更和更正记载。按照英文思维,直接译为Updates of Member's Information 即可。
实战演练
1.翻译下面的一则身份证明书。
2.翻译下列毕业证书及其证明。
3.翻译下面的一则收入证明。
延伸阅读
中华人民共和国公证法(摘录)
(2005年8月28日第十届全国人民代表大会常务委员会第十七次会议通过)
Notarization Law of the People's Republic of China (excerpt)
(Adopted at the 17th Session of the Standing Committee of the Tenth National People's Congress on August 28,2005)
第六条 公证机构是依法设立,不以营利为目的,依法独立行使公证职能、承担民事责任的证明机构。
Article 6 A notarial office is a lawfully established non-profit-making certification institution that independently exercises the notarial functions and bear corresponding civil liabilities.
第七条 公证机构按照统筹规划、合理布局的原则,可以在县、不设区的市、设区的市、直辖市或者市辖区设立;在设区的市、直辖市可以设立一个或者若干个公证机构。公证机构不按行政区划层层设立。
Article 7 A notarial office may,in compliance with the principle of overall planning and reasonable distribution,be established in a county,undistricted city,districted city,municipality directly under the Central Government or district directly under a city.One or more notarial office(s) may be established in a districted city or municipality directly under the Central Government.The notarial offices are not established on different levels according to administrative hierarchy.
第八条 设立公证机构,应当具备下列条件:
(一)有自己的名称;
(二)有固定的场所;
(三)有二名以上公证员;
(四)有开展公证业务所必需的资金。
Article 8 A to-be-established notarial institution shall meet the following conditions:
(1) Having its own name;
(2) Having a fixed office;
(3) Having 2 or more notaries; and(www.xing528.com)
(4) Having the fund necessary to carry out notarial work.
第十条 公证机构的负责人应当在有三年以上执业经历的公证员中推选产生,由所在地的司法行政部门核准,报省、自治区、直辖市人民政府司法行政部门备案。
Article 10 The person-in-charge of a notarial office shall be selected or elected from the notaries who have 3 or more years of practicing experience,shall be subject to the examination and approval of the local judicial administrative department,and shall be reported to the judicial administrative department of the province,autonomous region or municipality directly under the Central Government for archival purposes.
第十一条 根据自然人、法人或者其他组织的申请,公证机构办理下列公证事项:
(一)合同;
(二)继承;
(三)委托、声明、赠与、遗嘱;
(四)财产分割;
(五)招标投标、拍卖;
(六)婚姻状况、亲属关系、收养关系;
(七)出生、生存、死亡、身份、经历、学历、学位、职务、职称、有无违法犯罪记录;
(八)公司章程;
(九)保全证据;
(十)文书上的签名、印鉴、日期,文书的副本、影印本与原本相符;
(十一)自然人、法人或者其他组织自愿申请办理的其他公证事项。
法律、行政法规规定应当公证的事项,有关自然人、法人或者其他组织应当向公证机构申请办理公证。
Article 11 Upon request of a natural person,legal person or any other organization,the notarial office shall perform notarial acts for the following matters:
(1) Contract;
(2) Inheritance;
(3) Authorization,declaration,bestowal,will;
(4) Distribution of property;
(5) Bidding and tendering,auction;
(6) Marriage status,kindred relationship,adoption relationship;
(7) Birth,existence,death,identity,experience,education background,degree,job title,professional technical title,having or not having illegal and criminal record;
(8) Articles of association;
(9) Preservation of evidence;
(10) Signature,seal and date as indicated in a document,duplicate or photocopy of a document conforming with the original document; and
(11) Other matters that a natural person,legal person or any other organization voluntarily requests for notarization.
As to any matter that shall be notarized under any law or administrative regulation,the relevant natural person,legal person or any other organization shall file a request with the notarial office for notarization.
第十二条 根据自然人、法人或者其他组织的申请,公证机构可以办理下列事务:
(一)法律、行政法规规定由公证机构登记的事务;
(二)提存;
(三)保管遗嘱、遗产或者其他与公证事项有关的财产、物品、文书;
(四)代写与公证事项有关的法律事务文书;
(五)提供公证法律咨询。
Article 12 Upon the request of a natural person,legal person or any other organization,the notarial office may handle the following affairs:
(1) The affairs that shall be registered by a notarial office under any law or administrative regulation;
(2) Preservation of evidence;
(3) Preservation of will,heritage or other property,articles and documents relating to the notarization affair;
(4) Making legal documents relating to the notarization matter instead of others;
(5) Providing legal consultation services relating to notarization.
第十三条 公证机构不得有下列行为:
(一)为不真实、不合法的事项出具公证书;
(二)毁损、篡改公证文书或者公证档案;
(三)以诋毁其他公证机构、公证员或者支付回扣、佣金等不正当手段争揽公证业务;
(四)泄露在执业活动中知悉的国家秘密、商业秘密或者个人隐私;
(五)违反规定的收费标准收取公证费;
(六)法律、法规、国务院司法行政部门规定禁止的其他行为。
Article 13 No notarial office may:
(1) issue a notarial certificate for an untrue or illegal matter;
(2) destroy or fraudulently alter any notarial document or archive file;
(3) canvass notarial business by bespattering other notarial offices or notaries,or by paying kickbacks or commissions,or by any other unfair competition methods;
(4) divulge any state secret,commercial secrete or personal privacy it has access to in its practice;
(5) charge notarization fees by violating the prescribed standards; or
(6) commit any other act as prohibited by any law or regulation,or provisions of the judicial administrative department of the State Council.
第十八条 担任公证员,应当具备下列条件:
(一)具有中华人民共和国国籍;
(二)年龄二十五周岁以上六十五周岁以下;
(三)公道正派,遵纪守法,品行良好;
(四)通过国家司法考试;
(五)在公证机构实习二年以上或者具有三年以上其他法律职业经历并在公证机构实习一年以上,经考核合格。
Article 18 A notary shall meet the following conditions:
(1) Having the nationality of the People's Republic of China;
(2) Being 25-65 years old;
(3) Being impartial and upright,observing the law and disciplines,being of good moral character;
(4) Having passed the national judicial examination; and
(5) Having acted as an intern in a notarial office for 2 or more years,or having 3 or more years of experience of another legal profession and having acted as an intern in a notarial office for 1 year or more,and having passed the evaluation.
第二十条 有下列情形之一的,不得担任公证员:
(一)无民事行为能力或者限制民事行为能力的;
(二)因故意犯罪或者职务过失犯罪受过刑事处罚的;
(三)被开除公职的;
(四)被吊销执业证书的。
Article 20 A person shall not take up the job of a notary under any of the following circumstances:
(1) Having no civil capacity or limited civil capacity;
(2) Having been subject to any criminal punishment due to an intentional crime or duty-related crime;
(3) Having been dismissed from a government organ;
(4) His practicing certificate has been revoked.
第二十九条 公证机构对申请公证的事项以及当事人提供的证明材料,按照有关办证规则需要核实或者对其有疑义的,应当进行核实,或者委托异地公证机构代为核实,有关单位或者个人应当依法予以协助。
Article 29 The notarial office shall,in light of the rules for performing notarial acts,verify or authorize a public office located in another place to verify the matter under request for notarization and the certification materials provided by the party concerned,if it deems it necessary to do so or if it has any doubt about them.The relevant entity or individual shall offer assistance.
第三十条 公证机构经审查,认为申请提供的证明材料真实、合法、充分,申请公证的事项真实、合法的,应当自受理公证申请之日起十五个工作日内向当事人出具公证书。但是,因不可抗力、补充证明材料或者需要核实有关情况的,所需时间不计算在期限内。
Article 30 If the notarial office,upon examination,considers that the certification materials offered by the requestor are genuine,lawful and enough,and that the matter under request for notarization is true and lawful,it shall issue a notarial certificate to the party concerned within 15 days after it accepts the notarization request.However,the time for force majeure,supplementing certification materials or verifying the relevant information shall not be included in the aforesaid time period.
第三十一条 有下列情形之一的,公证机构不予办理公证:
(一)无民事行为能力人或者限制民事行为能力人没有监护人代理申请办理公证的;
(二)当事人与申请公证的事项没有利害关系的;
(三)申请公证的事项属专业技术鉴定、评估事项的;
(四)当事人之间对申请公证的事项有争议的;
(五)当事人虚构、隐瞒事实,或者提供虚假证明材料的;
(六)当事人提供的证明材料不充分或者拒绝补充证明材料的;
(七)申请公证的事项不真实、不合法的;
(八)申请公证的事项违背社会公德的;
(九)当事人拒绝按照规定支付公证费的。
Article 31 A notarial office shall refuse to perform a notarial act under any of the following circumstances:
(1) The person,who has no civil capacity or has limited civil capacity,has no guardian to request for notarization on his behalf;
(2) The party concerned has no interest in the matter under request for notarization;
(3) The matter under request for notarization is a matter of professional technical authentication or assessment;
(4) There are disputes over the matter under request for notarization between the parties concerned;
(5) The party concerned makes up a story,conceals the fact or provides any false certification materials;
(6) The party concerned fails to provide enough certification materials or refuses to supplement the certification materials;
(7) The matter under request for notarization is untrue or unlawful;
(8) The matter under request for notarization violates the social morality; and
(9) The party concerned refuses to pay the notarization fees.
第三十二条 公证书应当按照国务院司法行政部门规定的格式制作,由公证员签名或者加盖签名章并加盖公证机构印章。公证书自出具之日起生效。
公证书应当使用全国通用的文字;在民族自治地方,根据当事人的要求,可以制作当地通用的民族文字文本。
Article 32 A notarial certificate shall be made according to the format as required by the judicial administrative department of the State Council and shall bear the signature or seal of the notary as well as the seal of the notarial office.The notarial certificate comes into effect as of the date of issuance.
A notarial certificate shall be made in the written language commonly used nationwide.In an autonomous area of ethnic minorities,it may be made in the local commonly used ethnic minority language.
【注释】
[1]An authentic instrument is a document recording a legal act or fact whose authenticity is certified by a public authority.Certain authentic instruments are enforceable.An example is the deed for the sale of real property,prepared by a notary.
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