出口运输保险的重要性及办理流程

Insurance

Insurance is a form of risk management primarily used to hedge against the risks of a contingent, uncertain loss. Insurance could be defined as the equitable transfer of the risk of a loss, from one party to another, in exchange for payment.

An insurer is a company selling the insurance; the insured, or the policyholder, is the person or company buying the insurance policy. The amount to be charged for a certain amount of insurance coverage is called the premium. Risk management, the practice of appraising and controlling risk, has evolved as a discrete field of study and practice.

The transaction involves the insured assuming a guaranteed and known relatively small loss in the form of payment to the insurer in exchange for the insurer’s promise to compensate （indemnify） the insured in the case of a financial loss. The insured receives a contract, called the insurance policy, which details the conditions and circumstance under which the insured will be financially compensated.

Insurance is a risk transfer mechanism, whereby the individual or the business enterprise can shift some of the uncertainty onto the shoulders of others. In return for a known premium（usually a very small amount compared with the potential loss）, the cost of that loss can be transferred to an insurer. Without insurance, there would be a great deal of uncertainty experienced by an individual or an enterprise, not only as to whether a loss would occur, but also as to what size it would be if it did occur.(www.xing528.com)

In international trade, which party shall apply for insurance is up to the price term they use. Under CIF or CIP terms, the exporter should obtain at his own expenses cargo insurance as agreed in the contract. If the importer is responsible for the insurance, as in the case of FOB terms, the exporter should in due time send the importer all the necessary information the latter needs to arrange the coverage.

在国际贸易业务操作中，贸易商接触的主要保险单据是保险单。保险单（Insurance Policy）是保险公司签发的对投保人的承保证明，在被保险货物遭受承保责任范围内的损失（即“出险”）时，它是被保险人索赔的主要依据；在CIF交易中，它是结汇的重要单证之一。

以CIF条件成交的出口合同，出口商在备妥货物并已确定装运日期和运输工具后，应该按照合同规定的保险公司、保险金额、投保险别与适用的条款办理投保手续。